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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We examined the relationship of serum ferritin to bone marrow iron stores in 73 anemic male medical inpatients with liver disease, alcoholism, chronic inflammatory disease, and malignancies. A correlation of r = 0.75 (P less than .00005) was found between serum ferritin and bone marrow iron stores (BMIS) for the entire group. Liver disease as manifested clinically or by increased levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase did not appear to significantly affect this relationship. Patients with folic acid deficiency did tend to have a disproportionate increase in ferritin in relation to BMIS, but this did not seem to destroy the usefulness of ferritin levels. A useful clinical rule seems to be that serum ferritin of greater than 100 ng/ml tends to exclude iron deficiency, and a level of less than 30 ng/ml tends to confirm decreased iron stores.
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PMID:Ferritin as an index of bone marrow iron stores. 72 24

The efficacy of measuring the transferrin saturation and the serum ferritin concentration to detect iron deficiency was determined under routine conditions in a general hospital. The tests were performed on 100 adult patients who consecutively underwent bone marrow aspiration for the appraisal of a wide range of clinical conditions. The absence of stainable reticuloendothelial iron in smears of the aspirate was used as the benchmark of iron deficiency. Of the 86 patients who were anemic 19 lacked hemosiderin in the bone marrow. The percentage of patients with iron deficiency who were correctly classified by the tests (i.e., the tests' sensitivity) was 84% for the transferrin saturation and 79% for the serum ferritin concentration, and the percentage of patients free of iron deficiency who were correctly classified by the tests (i.e., the tests' specificity) was 63% and 96% respectively. The predictive value of an abnormal (positive) result for the detection of iron deficiency was 39% for the transferrin saturation and 83% for the serum ferritin concentration, whereas the predictive value of a normal or high (negative) result for the exclusion of iron deficiency was 93% and 94% respectively. Measurement of the serum ferritin concentration was superior to measurement of the transferrin saturation only in its specificity. The former is of particular value in clinical settings where the prevalence of iron deficiency is low and conditions that increase the serum ferritin concentration out of proportion to the size of the body iron stores are infrequent.
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PMID:Usefulness of the serum ferritin concentration in the detection of iron deficiency in a general hospital. 73 38

The diagnostic value of serum ferritin measurements in discriminating iron-deficiency anemia from thalassemia trait has been studied. In contrast to serum iron, percent transferrin saturation and total iron-binding capacity, where a high degree of overlap existed between the two groups, a clear-cut difference in serum ferritin levels was found between iron deficiency and thalassemia trait. The best separation of iron deficiency, thalassemia and normal controls was given by the combination of mean corpuscular volume and serum ferritin. Although definitive diagnosis of beta-thalassemia trait requires the demonstration of abnormal Hb A2 levels or beta-chain synthesis, serum ferritin is a useful screening test for the initial diagnosis of thalassemia trait. Because of the very small amounts of serum required for the measurement of ferritin, it is particularly suitable for surveying populations with a high prevalence of hypochromic-microcytic anemias.
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PMID:Serum ferritin in beta-thalassemia trait. 75 May 37

The immunoradiometric measurement of ferritin--a major iron storage protein, in serum, provides a new precise method for determination of storage iron with good clinical evaluation. There is a positive correlation between serum ferritin and other direct or indirect parameters of storage iron. In clinical practice determination of serum ferritin is important in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment, for rheumatoid arthritis, normal and pathological pregnancy and as controls for therapy in iron deficiency, or iron overload.
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PMID:[Serum ferritin- diagnostic and clinical significance]. 75 33

Forty-seven women were studied before and for one year after insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD). The menstrual blood loss increased in 44 subjects (94 per cent), and this was related to the surface area of the IUCD. Plasma ferritin levels in the iron deficient range (below 16 microgram/l) were present in 9 subjects (19 per cent) before insertion of the IUCD, whereas by the end of one year, 21 subjects (45 per cent) had reached these levels. The incidence of depressed ferritin levels was highest in subjects with a monthly blood loss exceeding 80 ml. The haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume measurements declined progressively, but were less sensitive predictors of iron deficiency. These findings indicate the need to monitor iron status and administer oral iron replacement therapy in subjects with an IUCD.
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PMID:Plasma ferritin levels as an index of iron deficiency in women using intrauterine devices. 76 Jul 67

The protoporphyrinemia of iron deficiency is well recognized. Clinically, information on the protoporphyrin/heme molar ratio in whole blood offers certain advantages over protoporphyrin measurement alone. A procedure for determining this ratio is reported. Protoporphyrin is extracted, solubilized, and measured fluorometrically. Heme (as hemin chloride) is precipitated with the blood proteins, the precipitate is dissolved in an alkaline/pyridine solvent, and the resulting bispyridine ferriprotoporphyrin is measured spectrophotometrically. The molar ratio of these two metabolites correlates well with values for plasma ferritin, plasma iron, transferrin saturation, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. In some cases the ratio increases detectably while the other variables, especially hematocrit and hemoglobin, remain normal. Evidently it is a more sensitive index to iron status. For healthy men and women, the mean ratio is 16.0 (SD, 5.3). The mean + 3 SD, or a ratio of 32, is distinctly abnormal, as shown by a confirmatory test. We validated the test by surveying routine blood specimens obtained from several population groups.
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PMID:Erythrocyte protoporphyrin/heme ratio in the assessment of iron status. 76 86

Free erythrocyte porphyrin:hemoglobin (FEP:Hb) ratios were determined on 20 infants with iron-deficiency anemia. FEB:Hb ratios were compared with simultaneously drawn serum ferritin and serum transferrin saturation levels. FEP:Hb ratios dropped steadily during treatment of the anemic infants, but remained elevated compared to age-matched nonanemic infants, until the anemia was corrected. FEP:Hb ratios detected iron deficiency when acute inflammatory disease was present. Serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation failed to detect iron deficiency after iron therapy was started or when acute inflammatory disease was present. Measurement of FEP:Hb ratios is a reliable and practical way to make a prompt diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia in infants.
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PMID:Free erythrocyte porphyrin: hemoglobin ratios, serum ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels during treatment of infants with iron-deficiency anemia. 83 52

The blood counts of 187 non-anaemic children who attended hospital with minor illnesses and who were between the ages of 12 months and 6 years were studied retrospectively. As many as 76-8% of these children were found to have MCVs below the normal adult range. A prospective study of a further 28 non-anaemic children in the same age group showed that the majority of children with low MCVs have normal haemoglobin A2 and F levels and have serum ferritin levels within the normal adult range. These findings indicate that microcytosis is an intrinsic feature of erythropoiesis in early childhood and that in most instances this feature cannot be attributed to iron deficiency or beta-thalassaemia syndromes.
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PMID:Red cell indices and serum ferritin levels in children. 84 65

Tests to evaluate body iron stores were compared in patients with iron deficiency and the anemia of chronic disease. The serum ferritin assay separated these disorders in 20 of 22 patients. One discrepancy was explained by the concomitant association of both disorders. From this study and review of literature a low serum ferritin level is a good indication for iron therapy. The serum ferritin assay is a clinically useful test in lieu of bone marrow estimation of body iron stores to detect patients with iron deficiency. Total iron binding capacity levels when high-normal or elevated are sometimes helpful as a screening test in separating iron deficiency from the anemia of chronic disorders. Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin values were elevated in both conditions but were higher in iron deficiency than in the anemia of chronic disorders with considerable overlap of values. Urinary iron excretion with deferoxamine was not helpful in separating these disorders but is a useful test to establish iron overload. An elevated serum ferritin level is usually found with disease of iron overload but serum iron levels, deferoxamine iron excretion tests, and liver biopsy for estimation of iron stores are still beneficial diagnostic aids.
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PMID:Serum ferritin, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin, and urinary iron excretion in patients with iron disorders. 86 19

Serum ferritin was measured in 2982 blood donors. First-time male donors had a geometric mean of 127 microgram/liter and female donors 46 microgram/liter. While values were essentially constant in the women between the ages of 18 and 45, there was a rapid increase in the men between 18 and 30 years of age consistent with the establishment of iron stores during that time. Blood donation was associated with a decrease in serum ferritin. One unit per year, equivalent to an increased requirement of 0.65 mg/day, halved the serum ferritin level in the male. More frequent donations were associated with further decreases. From the data obtained it would appear that male donors, while depleting their iron stores, were able to donate 2-3 U/yr without an appreciable incidence of iron deficiency. Women could donate only about half that amount, and more frequent donations were associated with a high incidence of iron deficiency and donor dropout. These data have provided information on the effect of graded amounts of iron loss through bleeding on iron balance.
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PMID:Effect of blood donation on iron stores as evaluated by serum ferritin. 88 21


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