Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is now apparent that the rate of microsomal drug metabolism in experimental animals is subject to alteration by such dietary deficiencies as protein, vatamins, fats and minerals. The evidence, both published and unpublished, showing the effects of iron, magnesium, and potassium dificiencies on the hepatic metabolism of foreign compounds in rats is discussed. Iron deficiency has been shown to lead to a marked stimulation in hepatic metabolism, in vitro and in vivo, of both Type I (aminopyrine) and Type II (aniline) substrates. Magnesium-deficient rats have been shown to have markedly lower in vivo and in vitro rates of hepatic drug metabolism, but the monovalent intracellular mineral potassium had no apparent effect on the in vitro enzymatic conversion of foreign compounds. Hypokalemia has been shown to alter the in vivo disposition of aminopyrine and pentobarbital as evidenced by an increased plasma half-life of aminopyrine and a longer pentobarbital sleeping time in potassium-deficient animals. Large segments of the world's population are in less than satisfactory nutritional status with respect to iron, magnesium, potassium, copper, and zinc and the relevancy to man of the data discussed must be ascertained. The role of dietary minerals in nonhepatic microsomal drug metabolism is also not yet known.
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PMID:Hepatic drug metabolism in iron-, magnesium- and potassium-deficient rats. 82 59

Male Wistar rats kept on the iron-deficient diet for 7-71/2 weeks showed an increase in the content of cytochromes P450 and b5 in liver microsomes that was accompanied by the elevated rate of N-demethylation of amidopyrin and dimethylalanine (type I substrates), and by that of p-hydroxylation of aniline (type II substrate). The changes described wee observed in the presence of a 20-25% reduction in the hemoglobin content in the blood of experimental animals. Administration to rats of phenobarbital (100 mg per kg mass daily for 3 days) caused an induction of the monooxygenase system of the liver endoplasmic reticulum. However under the conditions of iron deficiency in the diet the degree of cytochrome P450 induction and that of the reaction rate of N-demethylation in microsomes were slightly less than under the full-value diet.
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PMID:[Effect of dietary iron deficiency on the activity of the monooxygenase system of rat liver microsomes and its induction by phenobarbital]. 711 97

Male Fischer rats were maintained for a period of 17 weeks on an iron-deficient diet along with suitable controls. The effect of long term deprivation of iron on xenobiotic metabolism was studied by the activities of various drug metabolising enzymes in both liver as well as extra-hepatic tissues like lungs, kidneys and intestinal mucosa (I.M.). The results show that among the Phase I (activating) enzymes, the hepatic activities of benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (AHH) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) are significantly reduced in iron deficiency. The other parameters of the activating system, namely cytochrome P450, aminopyrene demethylase (ADM) and aniline hydroxylase (AH), are not altered. Of the two Phase II (conjugating) enzymes studied, only uridine diphospho glucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) is found to be depressed, but not glutathione S-transferase (GST) in liver in iron deficiency. Activities of Phase I enzymes are markedly lowered in extra-hepatic tissues compared to liver; such depression is not observed in conjugating enzymes. Iron deficiency does not seem to make much impact on the enzyme activities of extra-hepatic tissues. Overall, the hepatic results suggest a defect in detoxification mechanisms in iron deficiency. Such impairment may very well predispose an iron-deficient host to an increased risk of carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Effect of long term iron deficiency on the activities of hepatic and extra-hepatic drug metabolising enzymes in Fischer rats. 785 40