Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum visceral protein and hematological indices and their behavioral and clinical correlates were determined in women with bulimia nervosa and depressed controls. One hundred and fifty-two women who met DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa and 68 women with DSM-IV major depression completed a structured clinical interview and had blood samples drawn prior to admission to outpatient treatment programs. Albumin and prealbumin concentrations were lower in the depressed women, possibly due to recent weight loss. Elevated transferrin values suggested mild iron deficiency in nearly one-fifth of women with bulimia nervosa. Of women with bulimia nervosa, the 10.7% who had hemoglobin and 5.1% who had vitamin B12 levels below the normal range were not distinguishable on measures of body mass index, binge eating, vomiting, or restriction frequency. The 4.3% with low prealbumin levels experienced significantly more episodes of binge eating and vomiting in the prior fortnight than those with normal values. Frequency of vomiting was also inversely associated with albumin concentration. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores were inversely and linearly related to serum vitamin B12. Lower B12 levels in those with alcohol abuse/dependence did not explain the association between B12 and HDRS scores. No hematological indices were related to body mass index, binge eating or restriction frequency, or restriction intensity. In summary, women with bulimia nervosa do not appear to be at greater risk of visceral protein or hematological abnormalities than psychiatric controls. It is suggested that a high frequency of vomiting and alcohol abuse/dependence, increases the risk of subclinical malnutrition in women with bulimia nervosa, and that poor vitamin B12 nutriture may interfere with the functioning of the serotonergic or catecholaminergic systems and contribute to depressive symptoms in bulimia nervosa.
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PMID:Visceral protein and hematological status of women with bulimia nervosa and depressed controls. 1022 89

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major depressive disorder that most often emerges within 6 to 12 weeks of delivery, but can happen any time up to 1 year after birth. In developed countries, the incidence of postnatal depression is about 10-15% in adult women depending upon the diagnostic criteria, timing of screening and screening instruments used. Mothers with depressive symptoms have been found to have more complex behavioral contacts with their children; this situation can damage family relationships, and even leads to infanticide. Various pathophysiologies are proposed for postpartum depression: Nutritional deficiencies, iron deficiency anemia, rapid decrease in the levels of reproductive hormones following delivery, alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adernocortical mechanism and alterations in neurotransmitter levels. Among pathophysiologies of postpartum depression, the role of trace elements is highlighted. The purpose of this review is to assess the role of trace elements including zinc, magnesium, iron and copper in PPD. Zinc as a trace element has the second highest concentration of all transition metals in the brain, and its deficiency is associated with behavioral disturbances. Lower zinc blood concentration was found in women with postpartum depression. Another trace element, magnesium, also influences the nervous system via its actions on the release and metabolism of neurotransmitters. Various studies have focused on antidepressant-like effects of magnesium and its deficiency has been reported in depression. Depletion of magnesium stores during pregnancy is hypothesized to be the cause of postpartum depression. Iron deficiency is the most common single nutrient deficiency in the world. There is an association between anemia and depressive disorders. Copper has been recognized as an essential element for many years. Iron also plays a vital role in neurological disorders and its levels are relevant to postpartum depression. Involvement of trace elements can be seen in pathophysiologies of PPD in different ways. Therefore, trace element supplementation can be an alternative treatment for patients with PPD.
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PMID:Postpartum depression and role of serum trace elements. 2295 89