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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biochemical investigations on iron deficiency and nutritional status were carried out in a group of 130 women in the second or third trimesters of pregnancy and in 42 control non-pregnant women. The important findings were: 1. Anaemia was present in 46.1% of pregnant women in comparison with 19% in non-pregnant women. It was found to be more prevalent in the third trimester of pregnancy. 2. Iron deficiency with and without anaemia, as judged from serum transferrin saturation (%) was evident in 59.2% of pregnant women with an incidence of 70.3% in the third trimester of pregnancy. 3. Serum albumin, gamma globulin and A/G ratio were found to be decreased in pregnancy whereas serum levels of alpha-2 and beta globulins were elevated. The results have been discussed.
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PMID:Iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: (biochemical investigations of iron-deficiency and nutritional status). 61 74

Anthropometric measurements were made and serum iron and ferritin levels determined in a group of Gambian children at the beginning of the rainy season and these findings were related to the malaria experience of the children during the following malaria transmission season. Susceptibility to malaria was not correlated with prior weight-for-age, height-for-age, weight-for-height or serum albumin, or with serum iron, serum iron binding capacity nor serum ferritin. Thus, our findings do not provide any support for the view that poor nutritional status, as assessed by anthropometric measurements, or iron deficiency protect against malaria infection. Children who developed a clinical attack of malaria accompanied by a high level of parasitaemia tended to have a higher mean weight-for-age at the beginning of the rainy season than did children who had a clinical attack accompanied by a low level of parasitaemia, but the difference between groups was not statistically significant. However, they had a significantly higher mean serum ferritin level (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:The relationship between anthropometric measurements and measurements of iron status and susceptibility to malaria in Gambian children. 178 Sep 80

Uptake of transferrin and iron by the rat liver was investigated by perfusion in vitro with 125I-59Fe-labeled rat transferrin and subcellular fractionation on sucrose density gradients. Most of the 125I-transferrin was located in a low-density vesicle fraction. The 59Fe was in three peaks, of lower, the same, and higher densities than the transferrin peak. Iron deficiency resulted in a large increase in transferrin and iron uptake into all subcellular fractions. When livers were perfused with increasing concentrations of transferrin the uptake into the different peaks of transferrin and iron increased in a curvilinear fashion, which indicated that uptake occurred by saturable and nonsaturable processes, both of which increased in iron deficiency. In contrast, the uptake of 131I-labeled rat serum albumin increased linearly with concentration, and there was no difference between control and iron-deficient livers. It is concluded that iron deficiency leads to an increase in the number of high-affinity transferrin receptors and receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin. It also increases a nonsaturable transferrin uptake process that is probably due to adsorptive, but selective, endocytosis of transferrin.
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PMID:Uptake and distribution of transferrin and iron in perfused, iron-deficient rat liver. 273 8

104 patients with positive stool for hookworm ova were studied in detail with regard to anemia, iron and protein deficiency, and their relation to hookworm ova load. A variable degree of anemia was seen in 80 of 104 patients. Hypochromia was noticed in 66 (64%). In 48 (46%), morphological changes due to vitamin B12 and/or folic acid deficiency were recorded. Iron deficiency was most common in anemic patients. Less than 15% saturation of transferrin was the most sensitive biochemical index of iron deficiency in these patients. Severity of anemia was significantly associated with iron deficiency. Hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin less than 3.25 g%) was found in 33 (32.6%) of the patients. Anemia and hypoalbuminemia were both significantly associated with the hookworm load. However, the association of hookworm load was seen with severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 5 g%) and hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin less than 2.75 g%). It has been suggested that besides parasitic factors, nutritional deficiencies of vitamin B12 and/or folic acid and protein are contributory factors in the pathogenesis of anemia and hypoalbuminemia respectively found in these patients.
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PMID:A study of iron and protein deficiency in hookworm infestation. 550 9

The relationship of the serum iron-binding capacity (IBC) to the serum proteins and other haematological parameters was studied in 96 elderly subjects. With two exceptions, IBC levels above the normal range were confined to cases of anaemia with transferrin saturation levels of less than 12%. In 13 cases the IBC was below normal, and in 9 it was normal in the presence of iron deficiency; in these groups the IBC correlated with serum albumin, and there was a clinical explanation for protein depletion. In cases with normal serum albumin and normal transferrin saturation, there was no decline in IBC with age. The best serological index of iron status was the transferrin saturation, which was less than 12% in significant iron deficiency. Malabsorption of inorganic iron was demonstrated in 11 out of 30 iron-deficient patients, 4 of whom had reduced IBC, but there was no relationship between iron absorption and the IBC.
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PMID:Factors affecting the serum iron-binding capacity in the elderly. 708 78

Nutritional iron deficiency was produced experimentally by raising newly hatched chicks on an iron-deficient diet for several weeks. During this time, hematocrit and hemoglobin values declined, iron stores were depleted, and the circulating level of transferrin increased 2- to 4-fold. The increase in serum transferrin was related to a similar increase in the rate of transferrin synthesis in liver. In addition, the level of transferrin mRNA sequences, as determined by hybridization to a specific cDNA, increased 2- to 3-fold, and more than 80% of the transferrin mRNA was associated with polyribosomes in both control and iron-deficient liver. These results demonstrate that the induction of transferrin synthesis in iron-deficient chicks is regulated directly by an increase in transferrin mRNA. The iron-mediated effects on transferrin also appear to be gene-specific since the rate of synthesis of serum albumin, the major secretory product of liver, was unaffected by any of the experimental conditions. Furthermore, when iron stores were rapidly replenished by the administration of iron-saturated ferritin, both the rate of transferrin synthesis and the level of transferrin mRNA returned to control values with 2 to 3 days.
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PMID:Transferrin gene expression. Effects of nutritional iron deficiency. 735 Jan 47

The serum transferrin receptor (TfR) level reflects iron status and the rate of erythropoiesis. This study was undertaken to assess the role of serum TfR in the iron status and erythropoiesis in very-low-birth-weight infants under conditions in which erythropoiesis is stimulated by large doses of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and oral iron. The first 34 infants were followed from the 3rd to 11th wk of life or until discharged. They received iron at a rate of 3 mg/kg/d. The subsequent 21 infants were given rHuEPO (300 U/kg three times a week s.c.) and iron at a rate of 6 mg/kg/d from the 3rd or 4th wk of life for a mean of 3.4 wk. With this treatment, the need for transfusion was reduced from 1.4 +/- 0.4 to 0.1 +/- 0.1 transfusions per infant (p = 0.02). The serum TfR concentrations in the rHuEPO-treated infants increased gradually to values several-fold higher than those in the untreated infants. This increase was not related to intrauterine or postnatal growth, protein intake, or serum albumin concentration. Neither was an association observed between Hb and TfR concentration. In the treated infants, the serum ferritin concentration was lower at the 4th, 5th, and 7th wk of life than in the untreated infants. The very-low-birth-weight infants who were given large doses of rHuEPO and iron had a marked rise in serum TfR concentration and a small decline in serum ferritin concentration. These events have been related to iron deficiency.
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PMID:Early rise in serum concentration of transferrin receptor induced by recombinant human erythropoietin in very-low-birth-weight infants. 793 43

Severe iron deficiency was induced in rats by rearing nursing dams and their offspring on a diet comprising all the requisite nutrients and trace metals except iron. The iron deficient 5-week-old rats exhibited a severe anemia and a drastic decrease in iron content of the hepatic tissue and of the mitochondrial fraction. Cytochromes c + c1 and b were moderately but significantly reduced. A large increase in liver concentration was observed in iron-deficient animals; whereas there was no modification in total lipid, cholesterol, phospholipid and fatty acid composition of the mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondria from iron-deficient rats presented a partial uncoupling of the oxidative phosphorylation process. This functional derangement was completely reversed by the presence of either bovine serum albumin or L-carnitine plus ATP. This behaviour suggested that endogenous long-chain fatty acids could be primarily involved in the onset of mitochondrial dysfunction. The hepatic energy state of the liver appeared dramatically decreased under the pathological condition of severe iron-deficiency anemia. The possibility of a direct link between the partial loss of coupled functions observed in isolated mitochondria and the heavy energy deficit detected in the liver is discussed.
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PMID:Dietary iron deficiency in the rat. I. Abnormalities in energy metabolism of the hepatic tissue. 794 4

The nutritional and health status of non-pregnant women of child bearing age from 20 villages of two districts in Maha Sarakham Province, approximately 500 km northeast of Bangkok, were investigated in April 1987. About 12 per cent of the studied women had a body mass index below 18.7 which is used as a cut-off point of being undernourished. Fat stores and muscle mass were smaller when compared to western females. Only two per cent of the women investigated had low serum albumin, indicating a severe deprivation in the nutritional status. A relatively high prevalence of anaemia was also found. Iron deficiency and haemoglobinopathy are common causes of anaemia. In addition, vitamin B2 depletion also contributes to the high rate of anaemia. Gastrointestinal parasitic infection rates were high with liver fluke, hookworm and echinostomiasis. Hookworm infection had no effect on the rate of anaemic, most probably the worm load in the women infected was rather low. It is recommended that the nutritional health of rural adolescents and young women should be enhanced by generally improving dietary habits and the quality of nutrient intake especially through protein, vitamins and micronutrient. Public health programmes focused on preventive activities should be aimed at this group in order to reduce the prevalent rate of undernutrition, anaemia and parasitic infection.
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PMID:Nutritional health and parasitic infection of rural Thai women of the child bearing age. 822 9

From a clinical standpoint, the search for iron deficiency is based upon serum ferritin. However, serumferritin values may be pathologic in other numerous pathological conditions such as inflammation, liver diseases, malignant hematologic disorders, hemolysis, etc. Proteic profile combines the analyze of proteins variations: protein results are converted in percent of normal values referenced for the technique used. It has been suggested that on the protein profile, an increase in serum transferrin level compared to a normal serum albumin level (DAT: difference albumin-transferrin), appears early in the course of iron deficiency. In order to know the value of a pathologic DAT > or = 28% in the diagnosis of iron deficiency, we prospectively studied 156 patients consecutively hospitalized in an internal medicine department. Iron deficiency was defined by a low serum ferritin level. Diagnosis performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values) of different biologic markers of iron deficiency (serum iron, saturation of total iron-binding capacity, low mean erythrocyte volume) and DAT was compared to the performance of low serum ferritin values. With the exception of low serum ferritin (which have by definition a specificity and a positive predictive value of 100%), pathologic DAT appeared as the best index of iron deficiency with the highest sensitivity (67.4%), specificity (97.3%), positive predictive value (91.2%), negative predicitive value (87.7%) and diagnosis efficacy (sensitivity x specificity = 0.66). A pathologic DAT associated to a low serum ferritin level increased the diagnosis performance of both tests to 0.72. Diagnosis efficacy of DAT was not changed (0.66) in 83 patients with a confounding factor for serum ferritin analysis (inflammation, liver diseases, malignant hematologic disorders, hemolysis) when diagnosis efficacy of all other tests decreased. There was a negative correlation between serum ferritin level and DAT level (r = 0.55; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, an increase of serum transferrin of more than 28% compared to serum albumin on a proteic profile gives a significant benefit for the diagnosis of iron deficiency. This benefit increases when data of both DAT and serum ferritin are associated.
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PMID:[Protein profile and iron deficiency: value of the study of the albumin-transferrin couple]. 888 Nov 90


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