Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recurrent, unexplained diarrhoea is the most common intestinal complaint in children aged 6 months to 3 years. We studied 27 consecutive children with this complaint and followed them up until the age of 5 years. Diarrhoea began at the mean age of 9 months (range 4 to 16 months) and resolved in 21 children by 3 years of age. Twelve children had had infantile colic earlier. In six patients diarrhoea was caused by food allergy (cows' milk allergy and allergy to fresh vegetables). Episodes of diarrhoea persisted in four of these six. Twenty one children had unexplained diarrhoea: this resolved in 19. Nutritional deficiencies were rare; only one child had iron deficiency. Relative weights of the children were significantly lower at 2 years than at 1 year of age. At 5 years of age six of the children continued to have episodes of diarrhoea, and abdominal pains, headaches, and atopy occurred more commonly than in the general population. We suggest that there are two major subgroups among children with recurrent diarrhoea--children with food allergy and those who react to environmental stresses with a variety of somatic symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Chronic non-specific diarrhoea. 401 49

Studies in many parts of the world have shown that children with iron deficiency and anaemia show minor defects of cerebral function such as poor attentiveness, poor coordination and slightly impaired scores on developmental assessment. The patients improve rapidly after treatment with iron--too quickly for their anaemia to have been corrected. Such changes have not been detected in children with anaemia from other causes, nor in patients with iron deficiency too slight to cause anaemia. The possibility that these changes are due in some way to some other aspect of malnutrition has not been excluded. Fortunately they are minimal, easily reversible and potentially preventable.
 ...
PMID:Cerebral function in iron deficiency: a review. 402 39

In order to assess prevalences, characteristics and risk factors of malnutrition and anemia, a clinical and biological study was undertaken at Lamentin hospital in 100 hospitalized children aged 6 months to 6 years. Forty seven p. cent of children were underweight and 38 p. cent were anemic. Anemia and iron deficiency predominated in the under-24-month age group, whereas wasting was the dominate finding in older children. Under 2 years of age, risk factors for wasting and anemia were associated with method of breastfeeding. Over 2 years of age, low birthweight was the only risk factor of wasting identified. In Martinique, nutritional deficiency is common in children admitted to hospital and a high index of suspicion is indicated in the hospitalized population. Following the resolution of infections, supplemental iron therapy must be considered for a great number of children under 2 years of age.
 ...
PMID:[Malnutrition and anemia in children hospitalized in Martinique]. 408 85

We developed a clear-cut nutritional iron deficiency anemia without concomittant malnutrition in rats given a low iron diet, and we restored normal iron and hemoglobin levels in these same animals with iron dextran injections. The neutrophil function studies performed during and after a period of iron deficiency showed the following: Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus 502A, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium was not altered by iron deficiency or by the administration of iron; phagocytosis of Candida albicans was moderately abnormal during iron deficiency, and became normal with the restoration of iron sufficiency. Microbicidal activity towards Staphylococcus aureus 502A and Candida albicans, two catalase-positive microorganisms, was markedly decreased (to 50% of control values) and returned to normal when iron sufficiency was restored. Killing of a catalase-negative organism, Streptococcus pneumoniae was normal in iron-deficient rats. This pattern of differential bactericidal activities suggested an abnormality of the oxidant radical-generating machinery in neutrophils of iron-deficient animals. Indeed, iron deficiency caused a marked decrease of neutrophil nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction, which disappeared after iron administration. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity was slightly decreased in iron deficient rats and returned to normal after iron administration. Microbicidal activity towards a gram-negative, catalase-positive organism, Salmonella typhimurium, was equal in iron deficient and iron sufficient animals. Our combined results suggest that a definite microbicidal defect is the consequence of nutritional iron deficiency, apart from any protein-calorie malnutrition. This defect affects the disposal in PMNs of two catalase-positive microorganisms (which require intracellular production of oxidant radicals for their destruction) but not of a catalase-negative bacterial species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Neutrophil bactericidal dysfunction towards oxidant radical-sensitive microorganisms during experimental iron deficiency. 608 85

The iron status in children with sickle cell anaemia has been studied in 45 patients. The mean haemoglobin level was 7.4 g/dl (s.d. 1.7) and the white cell count more than 11 X 10(9)/l in 35 (78%). Bone marrow examination showed depletion of iron stores of 21 (47%). The total iron binding capacity was elevated in most of the children and serum iron was below the normal mean level for age in 14 (31%) children. The possible causes of iron deficiency in some of these children include dietary deficiency, infections, malabsorption, blood loss through hookworm infestation and growth spurt. In the management of a child with sickle cell disease, iron administration is not recommended unless there is evidence of coexisting iron deficiency.
 ...
PMID:Iron deficiency in sickle cell anaemia in Nigerian children. 618 85

Studies of red cell metabolism, erythropoeitin concentration, iron and folate status were made in 48 children with protein-energy malnutrition in Johannesburg (altitude 1800 m). Biochemical evidence of iron deficiency was presented in 26% cases on admission and developed in 90% during recovery. Biochemical evidence of folate deficiency was present in 14% of cases on admission and resolved on dietary therapy alone. Serum erythropoeitin was increased on admission and remained elevated during recovery. There was no relationship between serum erythropoeitin and Hb concentrations. Key enzymes in the red cell glycolytic and hexose monophosphate pathways and red cell membrane showed increased activity. Red cell adenosine triphosphate concentration was increased and unstable. Red cell potassium was decreased and, in the fatal cases, red cell sodium was increased. The possible significance and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Mechanisms of anemia in protein-energy malnutrition in Johannesburg. 646 Dec 44

The relation between nutritional anthropometry and haematological disturbance was studied in 55 outpatients with Crohn's disease and 30 healthy subjects. Patients with Crohn's disease were divided into undernourished (25) and well-nourished (30) groups, depending on whether their mid-arm circumference was below or above 90 per cent ideal standard. Undernourished patients with Crohn's disease had significantly reduced haemoglobin and red cell indices compared with well-nourished patients who were similar to the control group. In malnourished patients serum ferritin levels were usually below 50 micrograms/l and this level, rather than 15 micrograms/l indicates possible iron deficiency in patients with active inflammation. Results suggest that undernourished patients with Crohn's disease whose mid-arm circumference is less than 90 per cent ideal standard should be screened regularly for iron deficiency and anaemia.
 ...
PMID:Association between iron deficiency anaemia and mid-arm circumference in Crohn's disease. 669 95

A prevalence study of anaemia was carried out amongst children, aged one to nine years, living near a lead smelter in Santo Amaro City, Northeast Brazil. It was found that the variation in haemoglobin levels was significantly associated with malnutrition and with the interaction between malnutrition and iron deficiency, but not with lead poisoning, iron deficiency, or hookworm infection, having allowed for the effects of age, area of residence, family per capita income and race. The effect of the interaction between malnutrition and iron deficiency on haemoglobin levels was most prominent amongst children aged one year and amongst those living in the most deprived area. The lack of demonstrable interaction between lead poisoning and iron deficiency in the causation of anaemia amongst these children is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Multiple causes of anaemia amongst children living near a lead smelter in Brazil. 672 38

Foods containing biochemically active substances have been used therapeutically throughout the ages and continue to function as important adjuncts to drug therapy. But naturally-occurring substances can also have adverse effects, as can the food additives of today. Food--drug interactions can alter the effect of therapeutic agents or cause adverse reactions where none had existed. These problems are often aggravated in elderly patients, who may suffer from malnutrition (e.g., protein insufficiency) or altered food metabolism. Malnutrition in the elderly can be caused by disease, socioeconomic factors, or simply by the deterioration of eating habits. Although nutritional requirements decrease with age, the elderly still need nutrients for the repair of normal structures and for energy. The nutritional needs of the elderly remain poorly defined. Drugs can alter food metabolism, which, in turn, can affect drug action. Many food--drug interactions are well documented; drug absorption and drug elimination are often affected by an altered food metabolism. Particular problems include salicylate-induced iron deficiency, poor monitoring of vitamin metabolism and the effects of vitamin underuse and overuse, and lack of knowledge about the effects of long-term drug use on vitamin metabolism. An additional problem is the presence of potentially harmful materials in non-prescription products.
 ...
PMID:Effects of diet and nutrition on drug therapy. 675 54

Immunologic studies were performed in ten iron-deficient children, aged 12 to 30 months, before and after iron replacement. Chronic infection, malnutrition, and vitamin deficiency were excluded. Mean hemoglobin levels went from 8.2 +/- 0.2 (SEM) to 12.3 +/- 0.3 g/dL after iron replacement. Mean T-cell percentage increased from 50% +/- 3.0% to 58% +/- 3.7%. Absolute numbers of T cells were unchanged. Three children converted negative in vitro proliferative responses to Candida or tetanus antigen. Mean stimulation indexes increased for Candida (6.8 +/- 1.7 to 17.9 +/- 6.7) and tetanus (19.5 +/- 6.0 to 31.7 +/- 8.5). Nine of 16 delayed hypersensitivity skin tests were positive before and ten of ten were positive after iron therapy. The IgG and IgA levels did not change significantly, but IgM levels decreased from 181 +/- 13 to 128 +/- 5 mg/dL. We conclude that T-cell immunity is slightly impaired in pure iron deficiency and that these subtle defects can be corrected with oral iron replacement.
 ...
PMID:Immune function in pure iron deficiency. 698 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>