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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Red cell nucleotides, predominantly adenine nucleotides, were measured spectrophotometrically in normal individuals and in patients with iron deficiency, beta thalassaemia and renal failure following dialysis or transplantation. There was a significant correlation between the mean red cell haemoglobin (MCH) or the mean cell volume (MCV) and the nucleotide levels in red cells (P less than 0.001). Patients with beta thalassaemia did not have increased nucleotide levels compared to red cells having the same MCH or MCV. Patients with renal failure had significantly increased levels of nucleotides compared to normal individuals, and this level remained high after renal dialysis but returned to normal following renal transplantation.
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PMID:Red cell nucleotide levels in patients with thalassaemia, iron deficiency, and renal failure. 684 15

The clinical differentiation of the causes of microcytosis is difficult because of the lack of a method for the diagnosis of alpha thalassemia. A number of laboratory tests have been proposed for the differentiation of alpha thalassemia from iron deficiency, including decision functions based on the red blood cell indices generated by electronic cell counters. The accuracy of these screening methods was assessed in 93 patients with microcytosis known to be secondary to either iron deficiency or beta thalassemia minor and, prospectively, in 26 patients with microcytosis in whom globin chain synthesis ratio was used to diagnose thalassemia. The functions evaluated were: RBC volume distribution curve; osmotic fragility; erythrocyte count; discriminant function = MCV - (5 X Hgb) - RBC - 8.4; ratio of MCH/RBC; ratio of MCV/RBC; and 0.01 X MCH X (MCV)2. A simplified method of measuring anisocytosis using the RBC volume distribution curve was significantly more accurate (P less than 0.01) in distinguishing iron deficiency from thalassemia than any of the other decision functions. Analysis of red blood cell volume distribution, although not sufficiently accurate for definitive diagnosis, appears to be a useful technic in the initial screening of patients with microcytosis and in determining which additional testing should be done.
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PMID:Thalassemia minor: routine erythrocyte measurements and differentiation from iron deficiency. 685 62

Thirty-seven patients with SCD were studied: 24 were diagnosed as homozygous Hb S on the basis of their haematological findings, and alpha:non-alpha globin chain ratios were found to be balanced in all. Thirteen patients were thought to have alpha or beta thalassaemia interaction with Hb S on the basis of low MCV and MCH, family history and/or presence of Hb A on electrophoresis. Six of them had abnormal alpha:non-alpha ratio (one had a ratio of 0.72 suggestive of alpha thalassaemia, and five had ratios between 1.4 and 1.9, compatible with beta thalassaemia interaction). The remaining seven patients with microcytosis had balanced globin chain synthesis and five were found to be iron deficient. Five additional patients (3 with Hb SS and 2 with Hb S/beta thalassaemia) had lower than normal serum ferritin concentration. The analysis of case histories disclosed that peptic ulceration, recurrent epistaxis and multiple pregnancies could account for iron loss in seven patients. These findings indicate that iron deficiency may be common in SCD and should be excluded as a cause of microcytosis. Microcytosis, in the absence of conclusive family studies and/or presence of Hb A on electrophoresis, is an unreliable indicator of alpha or beta thalassaemia interaction with Hb S.
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PMID:Iron deficiency in sickle cell anaemia. 688 17

Thirty-eight women with beta-thalassaemia trait and thirty-five normal Asian women were studied retrospectively during normal pregnancies. The red cell size increased in both groups, with a mean increase of 2.3 fl (SD 2.3) in the women with beta-thalassaemia trait and a significantly higher increase of 4.3 fl (SD 2.1) in the normal Asian women. The rise in red cell size during pregnancy which is a physiological change, is thus impaired by defective globin-chain synthesis as well as by iron deficiency.
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PMID:Changes in the mean corpuscular red cell volume in women with beta-thalassaemia trait during pregnancy. 706 95

Patients with thalassemia as well as those with iron deficiency typically have red cell microcytosis and hypochromia. In view of the large number of children with microcytic anaemia or an isolated microcytosis seen at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, the frequency with which a low red cell mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was associated with the presence of thalassaemia or with an abnormal haemoglobin was investigated. Of 730 patients with an MCV of 60 fl or less, 46 (6.4%) were found to carry the beta-thalassaemia gene and 20 children (2.7 %) had an abnormal haemoglobin, most commonly haemoglobin E. The prevalence of thalassaemia was greatest among Coloured patients and abnormal haemoglobins were found exclusively in this group of children. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:Microcytic anaemia and haemoglobinopathy in Cape Town children. 711 19

Serum ferritin (SF) was determined by an immunoradiometric assay in a heterologous antibody system in 184 children of different ages with and without hematologic or biochemical signs of disturbed iron metabolism. SF levels as determined by this assay were higher than with a homologous antibody system, allowing a reliable discrimination of iron deficiency and overload. In normal children SF increased with age. In latent iron deficiency all SF values were below the normal range, if patients with signs of infections, elevated serum transaminases or parenteral iron therapy were excluded. In anemia of chronic renal failure there was a wider range of values than in controls, especially in children on intermittent hemodialysis. Highest SF values were obtained in polytransfused children with thalassemia. Significant correlations were observed between SF on one hand and Hb, MCV, MCH and serum transferrin saturation on the other hand, except in children with chronic renal failure on conservative treatment. Under hemodialysis there was a significant relation to the number of blood transfusions given.
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PMID:[Serum ferritin in children with disorders of iron balance]. 711 57

Two families with Hb E diseases are described. In the Laotian family S, three homozygous Hb E were found. In the Vietnamese family H, double heterozygous Hb E-alpha-thalassemia-2 and Hb E-Hb H diseases were found. Anemia or hemolysis was absent in Hb E carriers, unless complicated by iron deficiency, the presence of severe alpha-thalassemia gene (Hb H disease), or oxidative drug (paraaminosalicylic acid). Moreover, iron deficiency or concurrent alpha-thalassemia genes resulted in a decreased amount of Hb E in its heterozygous carriers. Mild microcytosis and hypochromia were observed in Hb E heterozygotes, whereas the microcytosis and hypochromia were more pronounced in Hb E homozygotes. Globin chain synthesis studies yielded unbalanced alpha/non-alpha ratios in both heterozygotes and homozygotes (average ratios were 1.13 and 1.56, respectively). The unbalanced biosynthetic ratios with microcytosis and hypochromia in Hb E carriers represented a beta-thalassemia phenotype, which could be a result of reduced synthesis of beta E-globin mRNA, as suggested by recent hybridization studies.
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PMID:Hemoglobin E diseases: hematological, analytical, and biosynthetic studies in homozygotes and double heterozygotes for alpha-thalassemia. 713 63

An 11-year-old boy was noted to have microcytic anemia, growth retardation, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and abnormal platelet function. An angiomatous lymphoid hamartoma was removed from the retroperitoneal space. Postoperatively the child exhibited a dramatic growth spurt and complete resolution of the abnormal laboratory measurements. Studies were performed before and after tumor removal to investigate the nature of the associated anemia, growth retardation, and altered hemostasis. There was no evidence of iron deficiency, thalassemia, or an antierythropoietin factor. Prolonged bleeding time and impaired ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation normalized following tumor resection. Serum obtained before surgery inhibited lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte culture as well as fibroblast growth in vitro. Detailed study of growth regulatory hormones failed to reveal significant alterations except for significantly reduced somatomedin which normalized after surgery. The factor(s) which inhibit in vitro cellular growth and lower in vivo plasma somatomedin concentration remain unknown.
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PMID:Angiomatous lymphoid hamartoma: inhibitory effects on erythropoiesis, growth, and primary hemostasis. 726 91

Hematologic evaluation of a Nigerian obstetrical patient disclosed the presence of sickle-cell trait as well as evidence of a hemoglobin alpha-chain abnormality. Hemoglobins containing the variant alpha-chain were isolated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography, and analysis of the purified alpha-chain demonstrated a ser replaced by cys substitution at alpha-81. The abnormal alpha-chain represented approximately 45% of the total, and hemoglobins containing this alpha-chain appeared to have normal stability and functional properties. In addition to the abnormal hemoglobins that were identified in this patient, she also was found to have persistent microcytosis in the absence of iron deficiency, and the percentage of HbS in her erythrocytes was less than that usually present in individuals with sickle cell trait. These findings, together with a reduced alpha/beta globin synthesis ratio from her peripheral blood reticulocytes, indicated that the presence of alpha-thalassemia trait. Hematologic findings from members of the patients's family suggest that an alpha-thalassemia gene may be linked to that of the structurally abnormal alpha-chain.
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PMID:Hemoglobin Nigeria (alpha-81 Ser replaced by Cys):a new variant associated with alpha-thalassemia. 735 Sep 33

Globin chain synthesis was studied in seven severely iron-deficient patients before and after treatment with iron. There was no appreciable difference between the individual pre- and post-treatment alpha/beta specific activity ratios and the mean alpha/beta ratio for each group was 1.00+/-SD 0.04. In a further six untreated iron-deficient patients the mean alpha/beta ratio was 1.00+/-SD 0.04. There was therefore no evidence that iron deficiency caused a reduction in alpha/beta ratio. Three patients with beta thalassaemia trait and coexistent iron deficiency had lower alpha/beta ratios before treatment than after treatment with iron. It appeared that iron deficiency had caused reduced alpha chain synthesis in this group. Preliminary experiments have shown that the alpha/beta specific activity ratio of purified haemoglobin A is decreased in iron deficiency, indicating an increase in the size of the free alpha chain pool. It is suggested that iron deficiency may interfere with the proteolytic mechanism normally responsible for the destruction of excess alpha chains. In combined iron deficiency and beta thalassaemia trait, the resulting increase in free alpha chains might act by negative feedback to inhibit further alpha chain synthesis (Blum et al, 1970) thereby reducing the pre-treatment alpha/beta ratio.
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PMID:Globin chain biosynthesis in iron deficiency. 737 98


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