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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric emptying time is considered a factor in the increased frequency of gastroesophageal reflux in children with cerebral palsy. It is unknown if emptying time influences the severity of reflux. In this study, 76 cerebral palsy patients with reflux indicative symptoms were investigated by 24-hour pH monitoring. Reflux complications were also studied. Emptying time in children with reflux was investigated using gastric scintigraphy. Twenty-eight children with resistant asthma scanned for pulmonary aspiration were studied as control subjects for emptying time. Reflux was diagnosed in 51.3%; it was severe in 53.8%, moderate in 38.5%, and mild in 7.7%. Occurrence of reflux did not differ significantly among different forms of cerebral palsy or between males and females. The most frequent complications in reflux-positive patients were iron deficiency (51.3%), anemia (41.0%), malnutrition (33.3%), recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (28.2%), and low body weight (28.2%). Patients without reflux had less frequent complications. Gastric emptying time measured by gastric scintigraphy in 28 patients with reflux manifested no difference in comparison to the control group (P > 0.05). No relationship was found between emptying time and reflux severity (P > 0.05). In conclusion, reflux (moderate or severe) is common in children with cerebral palsy, frequently leading to complications but no delayed emptying time. The patients described in this report had no delayed emptying time. There was also no relationship between emptying time and severity of reflux.
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PMID:Gastric emptying in children with cerebral palsy and gastroesophageal reflux. 1535 Oct 16

Maintenance of iron homeostasis is of utmost importance for the respiratory system physiology and pathophysiology. Local iron deficiency or accumulation may result in particular respiratory function impairment. The aim of the present study was to find out whether iron and ferritin could be determined in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of healthy children and children with asthma. Oxidative stress was verified by determination of EBC superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and the airway inflammatory process by determination of exhaled nitric oxide (F(E)NO). EBC was collected from 39 children (22 healthy children as a control group and 17 asthmatics) using an EcoScreen condenser. Iron, ferritin, and SOD were determined on optimization and validation for low concentrations. In comparison with a control group, asthma patients had a statistically significantly lower iron concentration (p = 0.0001) and higher SOD catalytic activity (p = 0.0160), with no significant difference in ferritin levels (p = 0.5252), although percentile values indicated elevated ferritin concentration in about half of asthma patients. F(E)NO values were significantly higher in the asthma group (p = 0.0047). This preliminary study demonstrated the possibility of determining iron and ferritin concentrations and SOD activity in EBC, and a significant difference in EBC iron and SOD between asthma patients and healthy children.
J Asthma 2009 Feb
PMID:Iron and ferritin concentrations in exhaled breath condensate of children with asthma. 1919 Nov 43

This study investigated the association between food insecurity and Taiwanese children's ambulatory medical care use for treating eighteen disease types linked to endocrine and metabolic disorders, nutrition, immunity, infections, asthma, mental health, injury, and poisoning. We used longitudinal data in the Taiwan National Health Insurance scheme (NHI) for 764,526 elementary children, and employed approximate NHI data to construct three indicators imputed to food insecurity: low birth weight status, economic status (poverty versus non-poverty), and time of year (summer break time versus semester time). We compared ambulatory care for these diseases between children with low birth weight and those not, and between children living in poverty and those not. A difference-in-differences method was adopted to examine the potential for a publicly- funded lunch program to reduce the harmful health effects of food insecurity on poor children. We found that children in poverty were significantly more likely to have ambulatory visits linked with diabetes, inherited disorders of metabolism, iron deficiency anemias, ill-defined symptoms concerning nutrition, metabolism and development, as well as mental disorders. Children with low birth weight also had a significantly higher likelihood of using care for other endocrine disorders and nutritional deficiencies, in addition to the above diseases. The study failed to find any significant effect of the semester school lunch program on alleviating the harmful health effects of food insecurity for poor children, suggesting that a more intensive food program or other program approaches might be required to help poor children overcome food insecurity and its related health outcomes.
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PMID:Imputed food insecurity as a predictor of disease and mental health in Taiwanese elementary school children. 1996 55

The incidence and severity of allergic asthma have increased over the last century, particularly in the United States and other developed countries. This time frame was characterized by marked environmental changes, including enhanced hygiene, decreased pathogen exposure, increased exposure to inhaled pollutants, and changes in diet. Although iron is well-known to participate in critical biologic processes such as oxygen transport, energy generation, and host defense, iron deficiency remains common in the United States and world-wide. The purpose of these studies was to determine how dietary iron supplementation affected the severity of allergic inflammation in the lungs, using a classic model of IgE-mediated allergy in mice. Results showed that mice fed an iron-supplemented diet had markedly decreased allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity, eosinophil infiltration, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, compared with control mice on an unsupplemented diet that generated mild iron deficiency but not anemia. In vitro, iron supplementation decreased mast cell granule content, IgE-triggered degranulation, and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines post-degranulation. Taken together, these studies show that iron supplementation can decrease the severity of allergic inflammation in the lung, potentially via multiple mechanisms that affect mast cell activity. Further studies are indicated to determine the potential of iron supplementation to modulate the clinical severity of allergic diseases in humans.
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PMID:Iron supplementation decreases severity of allergic inflammation in murine lung. 2922 Aug 37

Over several decades, asthma has evolved from being recognized as a single disease to include a diverse group of phenotypes with dissimilar natural histories, pathophysiologies, responses to treatment, and distinctive molecular pathways. With the application of Occam's razor to asthma, it is proposed that there is one cause underlying the numerous phenotypes of this disease and that the responsible molecular pathway is a deficiency of iron in the lung tissues. This deficiency can be either absolute (e.g. asthma in the neonate and during both pregnancy and menstruation) or functional (e.g. asthma associated with infections, smoking, and obesity). Comparable associations between asthma co-morbidity (e.g. eczema, urticaria, restless leg syndrome, and pulmonary hypertension) with iron deficiency support such a shared mechanistic pathway. Therapies directed at asthma demonstrate a capacity to impact iron homeostasis, further strengthening the relationship. Finally, pathophysiologic events producing asthma, including inflammation, increases in Th2 cells, and muscle contraction, can correlate with iron availability. Recognition of a potential association between asthma and an absolute and/or functional iron deficiency suggests specific therapeutic interventions including inhaled iron.
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PMID:Asthma as a disruption in iron homeostasis. 2759 79

Introduction Increasing smartphones access has allowed for increasing development and use of smart phone applications (apps). Mobile health interventions have previously relied on voice or text-based short message services (SMS), however, the increasing availability and ease of use of apps has allowed for significant growth of smartphone apps that can be used for health behaviour change. This review considers the current body of knowledge relating to the evaluation of apps for health behaviour change. The aim of this review is to investigate approaches to the evaluation of health apps to identify any current best practice approaches. Method A systematic review was conducted. Data were collected and analysed in September 2016. Thirty-eight articles were identified and have been included in this review. Results Articles were published between 2011- 2016, and 36 were reviews or evaluations of apps related to one or more health conditions, the remaining two reported on an investigation of the usability of health apps. Studies investigated apps relating to the following areas: alcohol, asthma, breastfeeding, cancer, depression, diabetes, general health and fitness, headaches, heart disease, HIV, hypertension, iron deficiency/anaemia, low vision, mindfulness, obesity, pain, physical activity, smoking, weight management and women's health. Conclusion In order to harness the potential of mobile health apps for behaviour change and health, we need better ways to assess the quality and effectiveness of apps. This review is unable to suggest a single best practice approach to evaluate mobile health apps. Few measures identified in this review included sufficient information or evaluation, leading to potentially incomplete and inaccurate information for consumers seeking the best app for their situation. This is further complicated by a lack of regulation in health promotion generally.
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PMID:Evaluating mobile phone applications for health behaviour change: A systematic review. 2776 Aug 83

Moderate thrombocytosis can accompany several diseases (bleeding, inflammation, iron deficiency, or autoimmune diseases), but hematologic examination is strongly recommended in a patient with persistent platelet count above 450 G/L unless reactive origin can be confirmed. The 47-year-old woman's medical history included hypertonia, asthma bronchiale, and endometriosis. In March 2015, she underwent laboratory examination due to weight loss and lack of appetite. Her results showed elevated thrombocyte count (617 G/L), but no iron deficiency. She presented in our clinic on 07. 04. 2015 with acute pain below her left hypochondrial region, but simple imaging examinations showed no difference to explain it. Abdominal CT revealed a 4.5 cm thrombus which protruded into the left renal artery, blocking it. We started APTI- (activated partial thromboplastin time) monitored continuous intravenous treatment with unfractionated heparin. The JAK2V617F mutation analysis came back positive. Subsequent bone marrow examination revealed prefibrotic/early stage myelofibrosis, prompting treatment with hydroxyurea. The applied treatments led to the disappearance of the patient's symptoms accompanied by the gradual normalisation of the thrombocyte count. Moderate thrombocytosis is often secondary, but if it persists and is accompanied by mainly thromboembolic events, the risk of diseases of the haematopoietic system, primarily Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myeloproliferative disease should also be considered. Clinically, essential thrombocythaemia and the prefibrotic/early stage of myelofibrosis can be very similar. Differential diagnosis is only possible through the histological examination of the bone marrow, which becomes indispensible due to the difference in prognosis and treatment options. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(15): 603-609.
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PMID:[Investigation and treatment of prefibrotic/early primary myelofibrosis. A case study]. 2963 28

There is evidence that a number of medical conditions and co-morbidities are associated with obesity in young children. This review explored whether there is evidence of associations with other conditions or co-morbidities. Observational studies of young children (mean age < 10 years) were identified using electronic searches of five databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED and SPORTDiscus). Of 27 028 studies screened, 41 (comprising 44 comparisons) met the inclusion criteria. These studies provided data on five distinct diseases/conditions: asthma (n = 16), vitamin D deficiency (n = 10), iron deficiency (n = 10), allergies (n = 4) and flat-footedness (n = 4). Thirty-two studies were appropriate for meta-analysis using random-effects models, and revealed obesity was significantly associated with having asthma (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3-1.7), vitamin D deficiency (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.5) and iron deficiency (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.2). Heterogeneity (I2 ) ranged from 57% to 61%. Narrative synthesis was conducted for all studies. There was no evidence of a consistent association between obesity in young children and eczema, dermatitis or rhinitis due to the low number of studies. However, there was an association with flat-footedness. These results have implications for health policy and practice and families. Further research leading to a greater understanding of the associations identified in this review is suggested.
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PMID:Obesity in young children and its relationship with diagnosis of asthma, vitamin D deficiency, iron deficiency, specific allergies and flat-footedness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. 3280 47