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Query: UMLS:C0240066 (iron deficiency)
 7,156 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A microcomputer program (BCDE) has been developed to analyze automated blood cell counts and differentials' similarity to normal values or to 36 disease categories. In 50 normal subjects, the analytic program listed the correct diagnosis as the first diagnosis in 49 cases (the only diagnosis in 44) and second of two diagnoses in one case. In 182 subjects with known hematologic disorders, the correct diagnosis was listed first in 134 and second or third in an additional 40. Subjects with iron deficiency, heterozygous thalassemia, immune thrombocytopenia, anemia of chronic disease, reactive thrombocytosis, acute infection, and chronic leukemia had the disorder identified as the most likely one by the analytic program with both sensitivity greater than 80% and specificity greater than 98%. Subjects with acute leukemia, folate deficiency, sickle cell anemia, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and chronic liver disease had the disorder identified as most likely by the program with a sensitivity less than 80%. In a different 11 cases with known hematologic status, a panel of 37 physicians identified the disorder(s) or normality only 72% of the time, whereas the analytic program listed the correct diagnosis first in 10 of 11 (91%). The analytic program appears useful for both triage of normal from abnormal data and for the initial differential analysis of abnormal data.
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PMID:Evaluation of BCDE, a microcomputer program to analyze automated blood counts and differentials. 330 76

This article summarizes the diagnostic usefulness of measurements of erythrocyte porphyrins in several hematologic conditions, including lead poisoning, iron deficiency, and sickle cell anemia. It discusses the various available methods and their validity in the diagnosis of hematologic disorders and abnormalities of porphyrin metabolism.
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PMID:The diagnostic utility of measurements of erythrocyte porphyrins. 332 81

A Madagascan child was followed for an homozygous sickle cell disease from the age of 7 to the age of 9 years. The clinical course of the disease, quite moderate till the age of 7, was then made more severe because of frequent painful crises during the observation period. Genetical and haematological data of the patient and his family showed that the two parents, heterozygote for sickle cell disease, and the homozygote patient, also had alpha-thalassemia. In the propositus patient, the association of the two disorders accounts for the quite moderate anaemia (haemoglobin level between 10 and 12 g/dl) and the persistent microcytosis. So, a microcytosis without iron deficiency and an haemoglobin level above 9 g/dl should suggest such an association.
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PMID:[Influence of alpha-thalassemia on the hematologic expression of homozygote drepanocytosis]. 342 74

The role of protein and calorie deficiency in sickle cell disease remains poorly defined. While such features as growth retardation, impaired immune function, and delayed menarche do suggest a relationship between sickle cell disease and undernutrition, measurement of more direct nutritional parameters in these patients have yielded mixed results. Anthropometric measurements such as skinfold thickness are subnormal in many but not all reports. Serum protein levels are normal, but low values for serum lipids have been reported. Finally, one small study shows an improvement in both growth parameters and clinical course following caloric supplementation. A variety of micronutrient deficiencies have been suggested in sickle cell disease. Numerous case reports describing an exacerbation of the chronic anemia that was reversed by folic acid therapy led to routine folate supplementation. More recent studies have shown, however, that clinically significant folic acid deficiency occurs only in a small minority of sickle cell patients. Clearly, more work is necessary to define the cost/benefit ratio of routine folic acid supplementation. Pharmacological amounts of vitamin B6 and certain of its derivatives possess in vitro antisickling activities. Nevertheless, a small clinical trial failed to demonstrate any consistent hematologic effects of B6 supplementation. Several reports indicate that vitamin E levels are low in sickle erythrocytes. Since these abnormal red cells both generate excessive oxidation products and are more sensitive to oxidant stress, and because oxidants appear to play a role in ISC formation, vitamin E deficiency could well be linked to ISC formation and hemolysis. Small clinical trials, however, have again failed to produce a clear hematological response in sickle cell anemia. The role of zinc in sickle cell disease has received considerable attention. Though studies are generally small, most do support a relationship between sickle cell disease and zinc deficiency. Etiologic associations between zinc deficiency and such complications of sickle cell disease as poor ulcer healing, growth retardation, delays in sexual development, immune deficiencies, and high ISC counts have all been suggested. Most of these studies need further corroboration. Iron deficiency is now known to be a relatively common occurrence in sickle cell anemia, especially in children and pregnant women. The theoretical benefits of concomitant iron deficiency and sickle cell anemia remain to be proven in a controlled clinical trial.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Nutrition and sickle cell disease. 355 92

The adequacy of tissue iron supply was examined with ferrokinetic techniques in subjects with decreased plasma iron concentration and in subjects with a normal plasma iron concentration but with increased tissue iron requirements. The competition by transferrin receptors for diferric vs monoferric transferrin was measured in eight normal persons and eight with iron deficiency. There was a highly significant (P less than 0.001) decrease in receptor preference for diferric transferrin in subjects with iron deficiency, indicating an insufficient amount of iron-bearing transferrin to saturate tissue receptors. The adequacy of the plasma iron supply was also examined by determining the number of iron-bearing transferrin molecules with receptors at normal and elevated plasma iron concentrations. Significant increases were found at the higher plasma iron concentration, not only in patients with iron deficiency, but also in patients with sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. Furthermore, the increase in the latter two groups was shown to be proportional to the degree of erythroid hyperplasia. These data indicate that tissue iron supply must be evaluated in terms of both plasma iron supply and erythropoietic requirements and that a relative iron deficiency is frequent in patients with erythroid hyperplasia.
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PMID:Adequacy of iron supply for erythropoiesis: in vivo observations in humans. 368 Nov 15

To establish the prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women in Mozambique and to determine the locally most important causes of the disease, 881 pregnant women were examined at nine sites in seven of Mozambique's 10 provinces. In Maputo, the capital city, an additional 91 anaemic gravidae were compared to 207 parturients chosen at random. The study comprised interviews, and clinical and laboratory investigations. Between 5 and 15% of the pregnant women at the different sites had haemoglobin (Hb) values below 90 g/l and 58% had levels below 110 g/l. Inspection of mucosal membranes detected almost all the anaemic women with Hb values below 80 g/l. Nulliparous women were more prone to be anaemic. Iron deficiency and malaria were the main causes of anaemia, with malnutrition also contributing. Occasional cases of folic acid deficiency were found among severely anaemic women but no cases of significant deficiency of vitamin B12 were encountered. Sickle cell disease was not found to contribute significantly to anaemia of pregnancy in Mozambique. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) proved more sensitive, under these conditions, than serum ferritin in detecting iron deficiency in anaemic women. Packed cell volume (PCV) analysis may substitute Hb analysis when screening for pregnancy anaemia in Mozambique.
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PMID:Anaemia of pregnancy in Mozambique. 378 85

Hemoglobin and mean corpuscular volume values appear to be lower among black than among white children. Blood hemoglobin concentration and red cell mean corpuscular volume were measured in 4,074 black boys and girls aged 1 through 20 years who lived near sea level. This is the largest hematologic survey of healthy American black children and adolescents to date. Children with sickle cell disease and elevated hemoglobin F were excluded from the study, but children with the traits for hemoglobin S, hemoglobin C, thalassemia, and iron deficiency were not. The 3rd and 97th percentile values reported here are close to the 95 percent confidence limits, and are adjusted for age and sex.
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PMID:Hemoglobin and MCV values in 4,074 healthy black children and adolescents. 382 Mar 34

The red blood cell distribution width index (RDW) was determined in a group of anemic male patients and normal male blood donors. Elevated mean RDW values were found in the anemic patients, with the highest value seen in sickle cell anemia, sickle cell-beta thalassemia, sickle cell trait, beta-thalassemia trait, and iron deficiency in decreasing order of magnitude. The mean RDW of the normal male subjects was 11.3. It was found that the RDW was proportional to the reticulocyte count, with the highest values in the patients with the highest reticulocyte count (sickle cell anemia). One clinical value of the RDW therefore may lie in its capacity for reflecting active erythropoiesis. For example, patients with normal or near-normal hemoglobin and with high RDWs may be suspected of having an elevated reticulocyte count that may indicate a hemoglobinopathy, such as sickle cell trait or thalassemia trait.
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PMID:Red blood cell distribution width index in some hematologic diseases. 396 61

Classification of platelet disorders has been based on the platelet count. Addition of a second variable, mean platelet volume (MPV), to the routine blood count allows classification of patients into 9 categories: high, low, or normal MPV, and high, low or normal platelet count. We studied 1,244 adult inpatients. 1,134 had both platelet values normal. 11 patients had high MPV and low platelet count: all had hyperdestructive causes. 15 patients had high MPV and normal platelet count: 12 had heterozygous thalassemia, and three had iron deficiency. Seven patients had high MPV and high platelet count: causes included myeloproliferative disorders, inflammation, iron deficiency, and splenectomy, 25 patients had high platelet counts and normal MPV: the causes were inflammation, infection, sickle cell anemia, iron deficiency, or chronic myelogenous leukemia. 52 patients had an MPV that was inappropriately low for the platelet count (high, normal, or low). All had sepsis, splenomegaly, aplastic anemia, chronic renal failure, or a disease being treated with myelosuppressive drugs. High MPV thus appears correlated with myeloproliferative disease or thalassemia; and low MPV, with cytotoxic drugs or marrow hypoplasia. Addition of MPV to the platelet count allows subtler disorders to be detected (when the platelet count is normal), and allows distinction of the cause of thrombocytopenia.
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PMID:Use of mean platelet volume improves detection of platelet disorders. 407 87

The iron status in children with sickle cell anaemia has been studied in 45 patients. The mean haemoglobin level was 7.4 g/dl (s.d. 1.7) and the white cell count more than 11 X 10(9)/l in 35 (78%). Bone marrow examination showed depletion of iron stores of 21 (47%). The total iron binding capacity was elevated in most of the children and serum iron was below the normal mean level for age in 14 (31%) children. The possible causes of iron deficiency in some of these children include dietary deficiency, infections, malabsorption, blood loss through hookworm infestation and growth spurt. In the management of a child with sickle cell disease, iron administration is not recommended unless there is evidence of coexisting iron deficiency.
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PMID:Iron deficiency in sickle cell anaemia in Nigerian children. 618 85


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