Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0239182 (Watery diarrhea)
 34 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

By auramine and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining, cryptosporidial oocysts were found in the stools of 31 (1.36%) out of 2,367 patients with diarrhoea. All specimens were also tested for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, and Rotavirus. Among these patients, 432 were children and 24 (5.5%) of them were positive for cryptosporidia. All children infected with cryptosporidia were immunocompetent. Watery diarrhoea, vomiting and abdominal pain were the most frequent symptoms. The survey showed that in patients with gastroenteritis, cryptosporidial oocysts were found more commonly in the stools of children than in those of adults, and the prevalence of infection was the highest in August and September (16 cases). The epidemiological aspects and clinical significance are discussed.
Infection
PMID:Cryptosporidial diarrhoea in children. 343 76

Cryptosporidiosis in Children. During an 11-month survey, Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in the stools of 20 of 142 children admitted with gastroenteritis. Five of these 20 patients also excreted other enteropathogens. The clinical findings in 18 children infected with cryptosporidia could be analyzed. All patients were immunocompetent. Watery diarrhea, vomiting and anorexia were the most frequent symptoms. Differences in the clinical findings were observed between children aged one to two years and older children. The older children remained ill for 4.1 days compared to 19.9 days in the younger children. The younger children also presented a history of recurrent diarrhea. Problems of etiology and therapy are discussed. Cryptosporidia should be considered as a cause of diarrhea in children.
Infection
PMID:[Cryptosporidiosis in children]. 375 46

Escherichia coli O157:H7 infection is one of the more intriguing emerging infectious diseases of the industrialized world. The clinical importance of this organism first came to light in the 1980s and has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. The infection is more common in industrialized countries than developing ones and is most closely associated with asymptomatic colonization of cattle. Fecal oral transmission is the rule, with the inoculum needed for infection much smaller than that required for E. coli-related travelers' diarrhea. The organism can survive for months in the environment, and cross contamination is common. Watery diarrhea that progresses to bloody diarrhea without prominent fever is the classic presentation. The classic biopsy finding is similar to that of ischemic colitis, with acute inflammation and hemorrhage involving the superficial mucosa with preservation of the deeper crypts. E. coli O157:H7 has powerful Shigella-like toxins that are encoded by bacteriophages and can trigger thrombotic complications such as the hemolytic uremic syndrome or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. The very young and the elderly are most at risk for serious disease and complications. Treatment with antibiotics has been reported to increase the risk for complications, but the evidence supporting this conclusion is unconvincing, with many variables affecting outcome in any one patient.
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PMID:Update on Escherichia coli O157:H7. 1524 97

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an important diarrheal enteropathogen defined by aggregative adherence to cultured epithelial cells. We have detected EAEC from 121 (6.6%) of 1,826 hospitalized patients admitted with diarrhea to the Infectious Diseases Hospital in Kolkata, India. Watery diarrhea was recorded significantly (P = 0.0142) more often in children. The majority of the EAEC isolates were not serotypeable (62%) and showed resistance to five or more antibiotics (76%). We studied different virulence genes and the molecular epidemiology of 121 EAEC isolates recovered from diarrheal patients. A PCR assay for detection of virulence genes, an assay for determination of clump formation in liquid culture, and a HeLa cell adherence assay were carried out to characterize the EAEC isolates. Investigations were also conducted to correlate the virulence gene profiles with diarrheal symptoms and molecular epidemiology by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Two or more virulence genes were detected in 109 (90.1%) EAEC isolates. In the cluster analysis, some isolates with specific gene profiles and phenotypes formed a group or subcluster. This study highlights the comparative distributions of three fimbrial adhesins and other virulence genes among EAEC isolates. The diverse virulence gene and PFGE profiles, along with the existence of diverse serotypes and antibiograms, suggests that the EAEC isolates are genetically heterogeneous in Kolkata.
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PMID:Virulence characteristics and molecular epidemiology of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli isolates from hospitalized diarrheal patients in Kolkata, India. 1536 97