Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0235886 (leg edema)
 674 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Amlodipine, a long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocking agent, was administered to 55 children (age: 11.5 +/- 5.4 years) with hypertension, 49 of whom (89%) had secondary hypertension. Efficacy was assessed by comparing pretreatment blood pressure (BP) to follow-up BP obtained in our outpatient Pediatric Nephrology clinic. Thirty-two (58%) patients achieved BP control with amlodipine alone, and 31 (55%) patients received amlodipine twice daily. Eleven patients received amlodipine as a suspension. Mean amlodipine dose was 0.16 +/- 0.12 mg/kg/day; there was an inverse relationship between patient age and amlodipine dose. Follow-up BP were significantly lower than pretreatment BP: systolic BP fell from 129 +/- 12 to 122 +/- 12 mm Hg (P = .004), and diastolic BP fell from 78 +/- 13 to 70 +/- 19 mm Hg (P = .003). A small, clinically insignificant increase in heart rate (from 91 +/- 19 beats/min to 99 +/- 26 beats/min; P = .02) occurred during amlodipine treatment. Adverse effects reported included dizziness (three patients), fatigue (two patients), flushing (two patients), and leg edema (one patient). All improved with dose reduction. We conclude that amlodipine provides effective BP control without significant adverse effects in children with hypertension, and can be used as monotherapy in most children. Young children appear to require significantly higher doses per kilogram of body weight than older children. Twice-daily dosing may be required in many children to achieve BP control. Detailed pharmacokinetic studies are needed to confirm these observations.
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PMID:Treatment of hypertensive children with amlodipine. 1104 Nov 59

We prospectively evaluated the antihypertensive effect and tolerability of three different antihypertensive agents, losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker), amlodipine (calcium channel blocker), and lisinopril (angiotensin-coverting enzyme inhibitor), in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. After a 2-week washout period, 121 patients were randomly allocated to three different groups for 12 weeks. Medications were titrated upward as necessary to achieve the goal office-recorded sitting diastolic blood pressure (SiDBP) (defined as SiDBP <90 mmHg or SiDBP > or = 900 mmHg but with a > or = 10 mmHg drop from baseline). Efficacy and tolerability were assessed after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of therapy with each regimen. At 12 weeks, significant differences in SiDBP compared with data of baseline were noted in all three groups ( P < 0.001 in all comparisons). Similarly, significant differences in the sitting systolic blood pressure compared with baseline data were also seen for all three groups ( P < 0.001 in all comparisons). The number of patients reaching goal SiDBP were comparable for the three groups: 25 patients (62.5%) in the losartan group, 27 patients (67.5%) in the amlodipine group, and 22 patients (59.5%) in the lisinopril group (not significant). Amlodipine produced a more pronounced reduction in SiDBP than the other two medications, although without statistical significance. Patients receiving lisinopril showed a high incidence of coughing (31.7%). Low leg edema was noted only in the amlodipine group (7.5%). Compared with the amlodipine and lisinopril groups, the losartan group seemed to have relatively fewer episodes (7.5%), and fewer patients (three cases) experienced adverse effects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that losartan has the same antihypertensive effect, but has superior tolerability compared with the other two drugs. Coughing was a common side effect of lisinopril therapy in our population.
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PMID:Prospective and randomized study of the antihypertensive effect and tolerability of three antihypertensive agents, losartan, amlodipine, and lisinopril, in hypertensive patients. 1468 49