Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0233565 (bradykinesia)
 2,352 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atypical neuroleptics present a unique opportunity to examine confounding by neuroleptic-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in the assessment of negative signs of schizophrenia. EPS, such as facial bradykinesia and akinesia, involve some of the same response systems and phenomena as emotional display channels. EPS are attributed to the blockade of dopamine receptors in the striatum by traditional neuroleptics. Newer atypical neuroleptics target primarily mesolimbic and mesocortical areas, and receptors for other transmitters such as serotonin. Olanzapine has been reported as less likely to cause EPS and may improve some negative signs. We investigated the relationship between measures of EPS and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia treated with haloperidol or olanzapine. Patients were rated with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Simpson-Angus Scale EPS scale. Results show that the two agents have comparable efficacy but different safety outcomes. A positive correlation between EPS and PANSS negative score was detected in the haloperidol group only. Stepwise multiple regression analysis shows that a big proportion of variability in PANSS negative symptoms is predicted by EPS in the haloperidol group, but not in the olanzapine group, even though EPS increased in patients treated with haloperidol but not in olanzapine patients.
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PMID:The relationship between negative symptoms of schizophrenia and extrapyramidal side effects with haloperidol and olanzapine. 956 1

Elderly psychiatric patients often present with psychotic symptoms that need antipsychotic treatment. Olanzapine is one of the atypical antipsychotics with efficacy for psychotic symptoms and a safer side-effect profile than typical antipsychotics. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of olanzapine for treatment of geriatric psychosis. The sample population comprised 94 acute-ward patients who were 65 years of age or older. Clinical assessment was conducted at baseline and also at 4 weeks after commencement of olanzapine treatment, with use of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) instruments. A 4-week therapeutic evaluation was completed for 80 patients, 73 of whom (91.3%) experienced mild to substantial improvement as determined from the CGI-I. A mean 52.6% reduction from baseline was also determined from the BPRS. The mean daily dosage of olanzapine in the fourth week was 10.1 +/- 5.3 mg/d (range, 2.5-20.0). Higher olanzapine dosages were administered for patients with functional psychoses than for an analogous group with organic mental disorders. Adverse effects were monitored for all 94 patients, the most common of which were somnolence (18.1%), dizziness (18.1%), and weakness of legs or bradykinesia (16.0%). Body weight and fasting triglyceride and sugar levels were significantly elevated after olanzapine treatment (2.2, 39.9, and 8.9% from baseline, respectively). It seems reasonable to suggest that olanzapine is efficacious for geriatric patients with psychosis and that the dosage should be diagnosis-dependent.
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PMID:The efficacy and safety of olanzapine for the treatment of geriatric psychosis. 1264 Feb 11