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Query: UMLS:C0231835 (tachypnea)
 2,543 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Poisoning with the plant Lasiospermum bipinnatum was studied in 9 lambs at various dose levels. Dyspnoea and tachypnoea, which were dose-related, were observed in 4 of the lambs. Gross and microscopic pulmonary lesions were found in all the lambs receiving plant material originating from one source but not in those given plant from another locality. The severity of the lesions appeared to be dose-dependent. Macroscopic lesions included pulmonary and mediastinal emphysema, congestion and oedema. Microscopically Clara cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, and interstitial pneumonia were the most outstanding findings. It is speculated that the pulmonary lesions were induced by a furanosesquiterpene or tryptophan or a combination of both of these toxins in the dosed plant material. Miscellaneous and inconsistent lesions observed in the experimental animals included widespread haemorrhage (1 lamb), transudations into the body cavities and adrenocortical hyperplasia.
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PMID:The pathology of experimental Lasiospermum bipinnatum (Thunb.) Druce (Asteraceae) poisoning in sheep. II. Pulmonary and miscellaneous lesions. 229 35

Tryptamine produces pharmacologic effects in man and the chronic spinal dog which are similar to those produced by LSD, mescaline, psilocin, DMT, DOM and DOB. These effects include tachycardia, tachypnea, mydriasis, hyperreflexia, behavioral changes and in man, hallucinations. Chronic spinal dogs treated chronically with LSD became tolerant to its ability to produce mydriasis, tachycardia, tachypnea and hyperreflexia, and were cross tolerant to the ability of tryptamine, psilocin, mescaline, DMT, DOM and DOB to produce these same effects. Further, it was found that the brain and spinal cord contained tryptamine and could release it. Further tryptamine levels were higher in the brainstem and spinal cord above the level of transection in the chronic spinal dog that in intact dogs, and the same in the spinal cord below the level of transection. These observations suggested that there were both ascending and descending tryptaminergic pathways. Supporting this hypothesis were the observations that L-tryptophan also produced hyperreflexia in the acute, but not the chronic, spinal dog and cat, and that L-tryptophan hyperreflexia was antagonized by alpha-methyldopa but not pCPA. These observations and others argue that the spinal cord and brain have tryptaminergic mechanisms which are distinct from serotoninergic mechanisms, and that LSD-like hallucinogens act in part through a tryptaminergic mechanism.
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PMID:Relationship of CNS tryptaminergic processes and the action of LSD-like hallucinogens. 300 88

Cattle with Pasteurella bronchopneumonia usually have a fever, abnormal respiratory sounds in the cranioventral lung fields, consolidation, pleuritis and abscesses. Lungworms primarily affect 4- to 6-month-old calves, which become febrile and dyspneic, with moist rales. Diagnosis is by fecal examination using the Baermann technic. Proliferative pneumonia usually affects stabled adults, which develop severe dyspnea and tachypnea. Diagnosis is by the history, clinical signs and lung biopsy. Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema is caused by ingestion of large amounts of L-tryptophan in lush pasture. Affected cattle have severe, acute dyspnea, an expiratory grunt and froth around the muzzle. Diagnosis is by the history and clinical signs. Bronchiolitis obliterans narrows the airways of older animals to cause dyspnea. A positive response to corticosteroids aids diagnosis. Anaphylaxis occurs in cattle of all types and ages and is precipitated by various antigens in a type-I hypersensitivity reaction. Use of atropine aids diagnosis. Allergic or hypersensitivity pneumonia is caused by an allergy to insecticides, dead ascarid larvae or the mold, Micropolyspora faeni. Diagnosis is by a history of insect fogger use, finding M faeni in the forage, and typical histologic lesions in lung samples. Cattle with caudal vena caval thrombosis have dyspnea, a fever, froth around the muzzle, an expiratory groan and hypergammaglobulinemia. Malignant catarrhal fever is diagnosed by a history of previous exposure to sheep and finding swollen lymph nodes, fever, neutropenia and arteritis.
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PMID:Diagnosis of causes of respiratory diseases in cattle. 623 84