Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0231835 (tachypnea)
 2,543 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 37-year-old woman with a post-traumatic seizure disorder had four well-documented episodes of postictal acute pulmonary edema and respiratory failure. Subtherapeutic blood concentrations of phenytoin were documented on each admission. Each episode followed one or more grand mal seizures and was characterized by the development of diffuse nodular-appearing alveolar infiltrates, tachypnea, and severe hypoxemia that rapidly resolved with supportive therapy. There was no evidence of gastric acid aspiration, acute lung infection, or underlying heart or lung disease. To determine the frequency of postictal pulmonary edema in our institution, we reviewed the clinical records and chest roentgenograms of 45 consecutive patients who were admitted to our emergency room following a well-documented grand mal seizure. Only one patient (described in this report) had chest roentgenographic evidence of pulmonary edema. A review of the English literature revealed only 11 reported cases of postictal pulmonary edema since 1965 and a total of 42 episodes in 27 patients since 1908. There were no clearly documented cases of postical pulmonary edema following electroconvulsive therapy in 18 published reports totaling more than 38,000 subjects. Our findings suggest that while postictal pulmonary edema may occur repeatedly in the same patient, the overall frequency of this complication is low.
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PMID:Recurrent postictal pulmonary edema: a case report and review of the literature. 679 85

Pulmonary oedema with severe, dramatic course following CNS injury was termed neurogenic pulmonary oedema (NPO). NPO was mainly described as a consequence of grand mal seizures, subarachnoid bleeding, intracranial bleeding or head injury. However, the pathogenesis of NPO is not entirely clear yet. In the majority of cases, early or classic symptoms of pulmonary oedema are evident from several minutes up to several hours after CNS damage. Dyspnoea, chest pain, bloody expectoration are observed shortly after consciousness disorders, although NPO may occasionally be diagnosed on the basis of chest x-ray in patients with no clinical symptoms. Tachypnoea, tachycardia, rales without any changes in cardiac system are usually observed during physical examination. The ailments withdraw quickly in the majority of patients, who may require oxygen therapy at most. NPO has been well-known in adults, but our knowledge of its occurrence in children is still rather sparse. The current work presents a case of a 13-year-old boy with pulmonary oedema as a post-seizure complication.
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PMID:Neurogenic pulmonary oedema in a 13-year-old boy in the course of symptomatic epilepsy--case report. 1120 46

We used exchange transfusion as an alternative to hemodialysis in an infant with severe salicylism. A 4-mo old, 5 kg male was presented to a local hospital with acute vomiting, tachypnea, hyperpnea and intermittent agitation and lethargy. Shortly after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure he passed several tablets in his stool. Salicylate (ASA) level was 85 mg/dL. He was transferred to our institution for further management: i.v. fluids, activated charcoal, whole bowel irrigation and supplementation with sodium bicarbonate, potassium and calcium. The patient's mental status and gas exchange deteriorated and he was intubated. Despite large amounts of sodium bicarbonate and potassium, severe hypokalemia, anion gap metabolic acidosis and aciduria persisted for 10 h. The small size of the infant precluded use of hemodialysis. An exchange transfusion using 180 mL/kg packed red blood cells reconstituted in fresh frozen plasma was performed. The pre-exchange transfusion ASA level was 70.1 mg/dL; the post-exchange transfusion ASA level was 34.4 mg/dL. There was rebound elevation of ASA to 35.2 mg/dL at 6 h post-exchange transfusion. The 18, 36 and 48 h post-exchange transfusion ASA levels were 20.2, 6.8 and < 2 mg/dL respectively. The ASA level dropped 17.6% before, 41.9% in 8.5 h during, and 40.5% by 48 h after the exchange transfusion. There were no complications. The patient recovered completely to his pre-morbid state. Double volume exchange transfusion was used safely as an effective alternative to hemodialysis in this case of severe infant salicylate poisoning.
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PMID:Exchange transfusion in severe infant salicylism. 1213 72

Four hours after having taken 10 ecstasy tablets a Grand Mal seizure occurred in a 19-year-old woman followed by coma, hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and renal failure. After awakening she was oriented but presented with helplessness, disconcertion, hallucinations, panic attacks, and amnesic syndrome. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain were normal. [99Tc]-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (HMPAO)-single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), 20 days after intoxication, showed reduced, inhomogeneous, supratentorial tracer uptake bilaterally. Electroencephalography (EEG) disclosed diffuse slowing and occasionally generalized sharp waves. Valproic acid was begun. Except for slight amnesia, neuropsychological deficits had disappeared and [99Tc]-HMPAO-SPECT normalized, 29 days later. Decreased cortical blood flow was explained by vasoconstriction following ecstasy-induced depletion of serotonin.
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PMID:Long lasting impaired cerebral blood flow after ecstasy intoxication. 1266 70