Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0221002 (primary hyperparathyroidism)
 4,921 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Calcium, phosphate and alcaline phosphatase levels were determined in the serum of 29 patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism. Phosphate clearance according to Kyle, 24 hours urine hydroxyproline excretion during collagen free diet, the excretion of cAMP in the 24 h urine during calcium restricted diet were examined with regard to the diagnostic value and relevance as compared to the consumption of laboratory and staff time. The elevation of the serum calcium levels are not specific and only of minor diagnostic value. It has been found that the highest diagnostic value is given by the Kyle-test using 15 mg Ca ions/kg body weight. No false positive results were recorded. The excretion of hydroxyproline and calcium are only of limited value. Serum alcaline phosphatase and cAMP excretion have no diagnostic significance whereas concentration of serum phosphate may have some value.
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PMID:[Value and relevance of metabolic function tests in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (author's transl)]. 17 61

1. In primary hyperparathyroidism an increased bone turnover is seen, accompanied by osteitis fibrosa (= fibroosteoclasia, FO) in severe forms of the disease. Both types of bone reaction may be detected by microradioscopy X-rays of the hand, extensive striation of metacarpal cortical bone indicating increased bone turnover and subperiosteal resorption of phalanges pointing to FO. 2. In the present study 65 patients with proven PHPT were evaluated before and 39 after operation. Microradioscopy was combined with biochemical assessment of hyperparathyroidism including alkaline serum phosphatase (aPh) as an index of osteoblastic activity, hydroxyprolin excretion (HyPro) reflecting bone turnover, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels (PTH), serum calcium (SCa), urinary calcium (UCa), serum inorganic phosphorus (SP) and clearance of phosphate (Cp). A comparison was made with the incidence of renal stone disease and the degrees of metacarpal striation (StG) and subperiosteal resorption (UG) were followed after operation. 3. Preoperative X-rays of 60% of the PHPT subjects showed increased StG and/or UG, and in 41,5% the diagnosis of PHPT was possible from the X-ray findings only. There existed a significant correlation between StG and UG on one hand and aPh, HyPro and PTH on the other. No correlation, either positive or negative, was seen between FO and the incidence of renal stones. After surgery, subperiosteal bone lesions disappeared in all patients, while intracortical striations persisted in half of the subjects despite the normalised bone turnover. Thus, primary hyperparathyroidism may not only lead to endosteal bone loss but to an irreversible intracortical bone deficit as well.
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PMID:[Primary hyperparathyroidism--bone turnover and osteitis fibrosa assessed by x-ray (author's transl)]. 45 67

In hospitalized patients primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and neoplasms account for more than 90% of all hypercalcemias. Measurements of parathyroid hormone, particularly when combined with dynamic tests using calcitonin and EDTA have a high specificity and sensitivity in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia but are time-consuming and costly for screening purposes. Most chemical autoanalyzers beside serum calcium also measure serum chloride, phosphate and albumin. In order to evaluate how these simple variables could differentiate between HPT and hypercalcemia due to malignant disorders, 110 measurements from HPT subjects and 111 measurements from cancer patients with hypercalcemia were used. Serum chloride was best among the simple variables to separate the two disorders and classified 84% of the hypercalcemic subjects correctly. When serum phosphatase and albumin were added giving the formula (serum chloride-84) x (albumin-15)/phosphate, only 3% of the cancer and 4% of the HPT subjects were misclassified when borderline values (400-500) were excluded (5% of the sample). In conclusion, while other more sensitive and expressive tests exist to establish the cause of hypercalcemia the above mentioned formula is a cheap and easy screening test for a preliminary diagnosis.
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PMID:Serum chloride in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. 177 37

30 patients with disorders of calcium metabolism were treated with dichloromethylene diphosphonate (C1(2)MDP, or clodronate disodium), an inhibitor of bone resorption. 13 patients with Paget's disease of bone were given C1(2)MDP by mouth (1.6 g/day). Serum-alkaline-phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline fell to normal or near-normal within 3-7 months, and there was a clinical improvement in all but 1 patient. C1(2)MDP (0.8-3.2 g/day) also reduced plasma-calcium and urinary calcium in 17 patients with hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism or secondary to malignant disease. C1(2)MDP seems to be an effective oral drug for inhibiting excessive bone resorption in man.
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PMID:Effect of dichloromethylene diphosphonate in Paget's disease of bone and in hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism or malignant disease. 610 89

Surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) improves not only the calcium and phosphate metabolism but also the bone metabolism. This study was conducted to analyze the bone metabolism after PHPT operations. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-photon absorptiometry in 50 patients before and after operation. Osteocalcin (OC) and alkaline-phosphatase activity (Alp) in serum were measured before and after surgery as markers of bone formation, and urinary deoxypiridinorine (DPD) as an index of osteoclast activity. The 50 patients under study were 40 women (80%) and ten men (20%). Increases in BMD at the lumbar spine were remarkable at three months following operation. Slow but steady progress was made until six months, reaching a plateau thereafter. The increase in BMD of lumbar spine was approximately 10%. Urinary DPD was the most sensitive among the three bone metabolic markers. Although serum Alp and OC remained high after operation, urinary DPD was normalized earlier. The discrepancy of bone formation and resorption was shown after operation and this contributed to the increases in BMD in the first six months.
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PMID:Bone metabolic analysis in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. 1091 2