Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0221002 (primary hyperparathyroidism)
 4,921 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an 81-year-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism 2.5 ml of 95% ethanol were injected transthyroidally, under ultrasound control and local anesthesia, into a parathyroid adenoma, about 2.5 X 1.3 X 1.1 cm in size. Unilocular deposition of ethanol into the adenoma proved ineffective, but multilocular injection normalized serum calcium and parathormone concentrations. There were no complications. If the topography is favorable, this method can be an alternative to operation.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1987 Sep 18
PMID:[Percutaneous transthyroidal instillation treatment of parathyroid adenoma with ethanol in primary hyperparathyroidism]. 362 94

A direct immunoassay for circulating intact human PTH (hPTH) is described. The method relies on the formation of an immune complex of labeled antiamino-terminal PTH antibody, intact hPTH, and solid phase antimidregion PTH antibody. A chemiluminescent aryl acridinium ester is used as label. Serum samples (100 microL) are incubated with labeled antibody, and subsequently the bound fraction is separated by the addition of solid phase antibody. The bound luminescence is quantitated in an automatic luminometer. Luminescence intensity is directly proportional to the amount of intact PTH present in the sample. Only intact PTH was found to react in this system; there was no significant interference from PTH fragments. The assay detection limit of 0.8 pmol/L hPTH-(1-84) allowed detection of intact PTH in the serum of all normal subjects tested. A clear distinction was found between hypercalcemic individuals subsequently proven to have primary hyperparathyroidism and those with malignancies. The assay offers several advantages over previously described PTH immunoassays with regard to specificity, rapidity, and reagent stability. It, thus, provides a valuable means of investigating parathyroid physiology and clinical disorders of extracellular calcium metabolism.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1987 Sep
PMID:Circulating intact parathyroid hormone measured by a two-site immunochemiluminometric assay. 362 8

Two cases of primary hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy are described. One was treated by parathyroidectomy in the late third trimester with good outcome. It appears that parathyroidectomy, although traditionally performed in the second trimester, may in selected cases be a reasonable treatment option in late pregnancy. The other patient was treated successfully with large doses of oral phosphosoda. Hypokalemia in association with this form of therapy, and not related to diarrhea or other known etiologies, is described for the first time.
Obstet Gynecol 1987 Sep
PMID:Hyperparathyroidism in pregnancy. 362 2

This report describes a case of primary hyperparathyroidism in a 68-year-old man. The endocrine disorder, while suspected before the commission of homicide and attempted murder, was proven biochemically and histologically a number of months after the commission of the crimes. The acts of homicide and attempted murder followed the development of paranoid delusions, which rapidly resolved upon successful removal of a single cystic parathyroid gland adenoma. The unusual events that immediately followed the acts of violence indicate that the delusions occurred in a clear sensorium (absence of delirium). Psychological measures taken before and after surgery document improvement in subtle organic functioning while intelligence was unchanged. This report discusses the neuropsychiatric manifestations of hypercalcemia and reviews the literature.
J Forensic Sci 1987 Sep
PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia, paranoid delusions, homicide, and attempted murder. 366 84

An acute increase in serum calcium stimulates calcitonin (CT) secretion, but the effects of chronic hypercalcemia are controversial. Histopathological studies have shown C-cell hyperplasia in primary hyperparathyroidism (1 degree HPT), although circulating levels of CT have been variously reported to be normal, elevated, or depressed. We reexamined this relationship using CT RIA in conjunction with a silica extraction technique that conveys improved sensitivity and specificity for monomeric CT. Nine men and seven women with surgically documented 1 degree HPT were studied preoperatively before and after a short calcium infusion (2 mg Ca/kg, for 5 min), as were 72 normal men and 76 normal women. Basal whole plasma immunoreactive CT and silica-extractable CT concentrations in 1 degree HPT were indistinguishable from normal, regardless of sex. In addition, the whole plasma and silica-extractable CT responses to calcium stimulation were normal or blunted in patients with 1 degree HPT. We conclude that hypercalcemia resulting from 1 degree HPT is not associated with augmented CT secretion in response to an iv calcium infusion.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1986 Sep
PMID:Plasma calcitonin in primary hyperparathyroidism: failure of C-cell response to sustained hypercalcemia. 373 44

The aim of this study was to demonstrate several lectin-binding sites in human parathyroid tissue and to correlate these results with functional activity. The following lectins were tested for binding sites with certain carbohydrates (in parentheses): Arachis hypogea (PNA) (galactose), Ulex europaeus I (UEA) (fucose) and concanavalin A (ConA) (mannose). In addition to normal parathyroids used as controls (13 cases), we examined adenomas associated with a clinical picture of primary hyperparathyroidism of differing severity (31 cases), atrophic glands contralateral to a hyperfunctioning adenoma (7 cases), and secondary (renal) hyperplasia (12 cases). Use of PNA (with and without neuraminidase treatment) and UEA yielded negative staining in normal glands, a wide variety of reactions in adenomas, and frequent dense precipitates in atrophic parathyroids, whereas ConA yielded positive staining in all kinds of parathyroid tissue. Assessment of functional activity of adenomas by clinical parameters (pre-operative serum levels of calcium and parathormone) displayed a significant correlation with the semiquantitative grading of the histochemical reactions after PNA and UEA. Lectin-binding sites in parathyroid chief cells of adenomas are believed to indicate some of the cell structures or products directly involved in the secretory process, including degradation. Although ConA may recognize constituent parathyroid glycoproteins, the binding sites for PNA and UEA are thought to be partially associated with secretory glycoprotein (SP-I), as is known from animal experiments. The positive reaction of the atrophic gland may result from degradation enforced by exposure of primarily non-terminal carbohydrate components.
J Histochem Cytochem 1986 Sep
PMID:Lectin-binding sites in human parathyroid tissue. 373 21

Serum concentrations of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH) measured with a mid-region specific radioimmunoassay and total calcium were correlated in 300 healthy subjects and 158 patients with surgically verified primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). All the healthy individuals could be separated from the patients by a monoexponential declining curve in which iPTH at concentrations of 0.60 micrograms/l and 0.33 micrograms/l corresponded to calcium concentrations of 2.20 mmol/l and 2.60 mmol/l, respectively. In 22 patients more than one sample was analysed and serum iPTH and calcium were inversely correlated. In contrast, three patients with parathyroid carcinoma showed no reciprocal fluctuations between serum iPTH and calcium. Of 75 patients with hypercalcaemia due to malignant diseases (metastatic mammary carcinoma, bronchial carcinoma, renal carcinoma, myelomatosis), 62 had a normal iPTH/calcium relationship. Two patients with myelomatosis had a temporary elevation of serum iPTH and calcium due to renal impairment. One patient with bronchial carcinoma probably had ectopic production of iPTH. The remaining 10 patients (six mammary carcinomas and four bronchial carcinomas) were found in the pathological iPTH/calcium range. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that an inverse relationship exists between serum iPTH and calcium in patients with non-malignant, primary HPT. Evaluation of iPTH and calcium in the same serum sample gave a correct diagnosis in more than 90% of patients with primary HPT.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1986 Sep
PMID:Improved diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism by defining the inverse relationship between serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone and calcium. 374 90

A retrospective study of 75 patients who were surgically cured of primary hyperparathyroidism from 1976 to 1984 was performed to evaluate the blood pressure and metabolic responses to parathyroid surgery. Published data on the population prevalence of hypertension (HT) in South Africa were used for comparison. The overall prevalence of HT before surgery was 47%, compared with 23% in the general population. Hypertension was most frequent in patients older than 60 years (62% vs 39% expected). Renal insufficiency was found in 13 of 35 hypertensive patients and in two of 40 normotensive patients. However, the prevalence of HT in patients with normal creatinine levels (37%) exceeded that expected. The frequency of urolithiasis and mean levels of serum and urine calcium and phosphate were similar in normotensive and hypertensive patients. Parathyroidectomy resulted in a substantial fall in both mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressures in 54% of the hypertensive subjects, unrelated to improvement in renal function.
Arch Intern Med 1986 Sep
PMID:Parathyroid hypertension. A reversible disorder. 375 10

The Leydig cell tumor Rice H-500 is a model of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Hypercalcemia is considered to result mainly from increased bone resorption. However, a change in renal tubular reabsorption of calcium (Ca) as a contributing factor to the hypercalcemia has not yet been recognized. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the renal handling of Ca was altered in Leydig cell tumor-bearing rats. To avoid counterregulations by Ca-regulating hormones, the effect of the Leydig cell tumor on plasma Ca and phosphate (Pi), urinary Ca and Pi excretion, as well as Ca and Pi renal tubular reabsorptive capacity was investigated in thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Clearance experiments were conducted at a time of tumor development when the glomerular filtration rate was not compromised. Under these conditions, tubular reabsorption of Ca was stimulated, and the maximal tubular reabsorption of Pi was markedly reduced (2.69 +/- 0.27 vs. 4.57 +/- 0.21 mumol/min; P less than 0.001). These changes were accompanied by increased urinary cAMP excretion (77.1 +/- 6.3 vs. 34.7 +/- 2.8 pmol/ml glomerular filtrate; P less than 0.001). These results indicate that the Leydig cell tumor produces a factor with PTH-like activity on the renal tubular reabsorption of Ca and Pi. The increased tubular reabsorption of Ca may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Leydig cell tumor-induced hypercalcemia. This animal model appears to be particularly appropriate for studying the mechanisms of certain types of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, as some cancer patients display a change in the renal handling of Ca similar to that observed in primary hyperparathyroidism.
Endocrinology 1986 Sep
PMID:Parathyroid hormone-like changes in renal calcium and phosphate reabsorption induced by Leydig cell tumor in thyroparathyroidectomized rats. 375 93

2 patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia developed hypercalcaemia and severe myelofibrosis in the terminal phases of their disease. Hormonal studies excluded the hypercalcaemia being caused by primary hyperparathyroidism or ectopic parathyroid hormone secretion. Its development was unrelated to the phenotype of the blast cells, as assessed by conventional cytochemistry and immunological surface typing. The finding of increased urinary cAMP excretion in 1 of the patients suggests a circulating, nonparathyroid humoral bone resorbing factor with partial biological PTH-activity to be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the occurrence of hypercalcaemia in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.
Scand J Haematol 1985 Sep
PMID:Hypercalcaemia in the accelerated phase of chronic myelogenous leukaemia: no relationship to the phenotype of the blast cells. 386 33


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>