Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0221002 (primary hyperparathyroidism)
 4,921 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Osteocalcin, non-collagenous vitamin K dependent bone protein is as a biochemical indicator of osteoblastic activity and metabolic turnover in bone, valuable in the diagnosis of several diseases and in investigations of the dynamics of osseous changes (processes) during treatment of osteopathies. Elevated osteocalcin levels are normal in childhood and adolescence. In the diurnal rhythm the peak is recorded in the early hours. Pathologically elevated values are associated with primary hyperparathyroidism, Paget's disease, chronic renal failure, acromegaly and some malignities. A rise in women during the early postmenopausal period signalizes an enhanced metabolic turnover of bone in those women who are candidates of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Low levels are as a rule recorded in advanced age, in nanism, hypoparathyroidism, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, vitamin D deficiency, vitamin K deficiency, hypercorticalism and glucocorticoid treatment.
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PMID:[Osteocalcin]. 227 72

Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and hydroxyproline levels were evaluated in patients with the following conditions: primary hyperparathyroidism, renal dialysis, hyperthyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, long term corticosteroid therapy, Paget's disease, osteoblastic metastases, osteolytic or mixed metastases, and nutritional osteomalacia. In all cases the levels of the three substances were increased, with the following exceptions: a) in endogenous or exogenous hypercortisolism states osteocalcin level was reduced and those of alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline were unchanged; and b) in blastic or lytic metastases osteocalcin level was unchanged. In general, alkaline phosphatase and hydroxyproline levels had a higher sensitivity than those of osteocalcin in structural bone disease (Paget's disease, blastic or lytic metastases), whereas the converse was true for endocrine bone disease (the remaining conditions except osteomalacia, which is mixed, both structural and endocrine; in this syndrome, the three substances showed the same sensitivity.
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PMID:[Different behavior of bone turnover markers in endocrine (extrinsic) and structural (intrinsic) osteopathies]. 234 91

We evaluated the serum osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase levels and the urinary hydroxyproline excretion in patients with blastic, lithic or mixed metastases, humoral malignant hypercalcemia (HMH) and myeloma. In patients with metastasis of any type osteocalcin did not reach a significant increase although in blastic metastases an increase approaching signification was observed. However, the sensitivities of alkaline phosphatase or hydroxyproline were much higher. In HMH hydroxyproline increased to levels similar to those found in primary hyperparathyroidism. By contrast, although osteocalcin had a significant increase, its values were much lower than in parathyroid disease. The changes in alkaline phosphatase were nonevaluable. In myeloma none of the three markers changed. The major conclusion of the present study is that osteocalcin has little practical usefulness for the investigation of neoplastic patients.
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PMID:[Bone turnover markers in tumor pathology with bone involvement]. 235 62

This study was performed in order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the measurement of total serum alkaline phosphatase activity (AP), serum osteocalcin (BGP) and urinary hydroxyproline (OHPr) in assessing bone remodelling in primary hyperparathyroidism. Thirty-two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were included in the study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the mean values of Z-scores obtained for each marker. Furthermore, an inverse correlation was found between percentage of bone mineral content at the distal radius and both BGP (r = -0.57; p less than 0.05) and AP (r = -0.49; p less than 0.05). The results obtained demonstrate that, contrary to other metabolic bone diseases (e.g. Paget's disease of bone), all three markers examined may be used in clinical practice to evaluate the entity of skeletal turnover in primary hyperparathyroidism.
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PMID:Clinical value of the measurement of bone remodelling markers in primary hyperparathyroidism. 259 39

In addition to the well-documented hyporesponsiveness of the kidney, resistance to parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been postulated for bone in pseudohypoparathyroidism type I (PHP). In some of these patients reduced bone density and even frank osteitis fibrosa suggest osteoclastic overactivity. To address the possibility that the skeletal system of patients with PHP may be affected by their increased PTH secretion we measured intact serum PTH and three biochemical markers of bone turnover in a large number of patients with PHP (n = 20). The results were compared with subjects with low (hypoparathyroidism, HP n = 29), normal (controls, n = 31) and high (primary hyperparathyroidism, 1 degree HPT, n = 13) PTH secretion. Both markers of osteoblastic bone formation, alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin concentration in serum, and one index of osteoclastic bone degradation, the urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (OH-P/Cr), were decreased in HP and increased in 1 degree HPT, whereas only OH-P/Cr was elevated in patients with PHP. Although intact serum PTH was significantly more increased in PHP than in 1 degree HPT, the markers of bone turnover were not significantly different in these two groups, suggesting some bone resistance in the patients with PHP. In these subjects intact serum PTH was elevated even at normocalcaemia during vitamin D treatment with a negative correlation with the respective serum calcium concentration (r = -0.69, P less than 0.001), indicating an elevated set-point for the suppression of their parathyroid glands. OH-P/Cr was negatively related to serum calcium in PHP, it normalized in most patients during normocalcaemia induced by vitamin D treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Biochemical markers of bone turnover, intact serum parathyroid horn and renal calcium excretion in patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism before and during vitamin D treatment. 274 15

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PH) is now considered a common condition. Its frequency and the deleterious long-term effects of hypercalcemia make a correct diagnosis mandatory. We attempted to evaluate the usefulness of the indexes of parathyroid function and hormone measurements more commonly used in the diagnosis of PH. To this end we studied 64 patients, distributed in three groups: group with PH, group with hypercalciuric renal lithiasis (HRL) and control group (CG). The results were evaluated with a test of comparison of means and a stepwise discriminating regression analysis. The 8 most useful measurements to differentiate PH from HRL and CG were serum calcium, corrected serum calcium, serum phosphorus, fasting calcium excretion (FCE), maximal tubular calcium reabsorption (MTCR), maximal tubular phosphate reabsorption (MTPR), osteocalcin, PTH half molecule (PTH-HM) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. The 3-variable and 4-variable groups with a highest discriminating ability were: serum calcium, FCE and PTH-HM, and serum calcium, FCE, PTH-HM and MTPR. We think that the measurement of these four variables is the most adequate strategy for the diagnosis of PH.
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PMID:[Biochemical profile of primary hyperparathyroidism. Comparative study with hypercalciuric renal lithiasis]. 274 10

We have measured classic markers of bone turnover, serum alkaline phosphatase (sAP), urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (uOH-Prol/creatinine) and osteocalcin (sBGP), in two bone disorders characterized by an increase in bone remodelling, namely Paget's disease of bone and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and in two other bone diseases characterized by an increase in bone resorption without the concomitant increase in bone formation, hypercalcaemia of malignancy (HM) and involutional osteoporosis (IO). Serum BGP was increased in patients with Paget's disease of bone (6.7 +/- 3.1; n = 25; p less than 0.01) and in PHPT patients (8.3 +/- 5.3; n = 20; p less than 0.005) with respect to control patients (4.2 +/- 1.2 ng/ml; n = 12). Two subgroups of patients with high and normal levels of sBGP were found in both pathologies. Serum BGP was decreased in HM patients (2.1 +/- 1.7; n = 9; p less than 0.01) and in IO patients (1.9 +/- 1.4; n = 31; p less than 0.001). Two subgroups of patients with normal and low sBGP values were found in these two last disorders. A positive linear correlation was found between sBGP and sAP (y = 14.6x + 73.7; r = 0.44; p less than 0.05) and between sBGP and uOH-Prol/creatinine (y = 0.008x + 0.007; r = 0.67; p less than 0.001) in Paget's disease of bone.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Osteocalcin and bone remodelling in Paget's disease of bone, primary hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcaemia of malignancy and involutional osteoporosis. 278 49

Plasma osteocalcin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in 70 consecutive patients with recurrent calcium (sterile) nephrolithiasis during diagnostic evaluation for the cause of the disease. Nephrogenous cyclic adenosine 3,5'-monophosphate levels also were measured in most of the subjects. Included in the sampling, as determined by standard diagnostic criteria, were 12 patients with absorptive hypercalciuria type I, 15 with absorptive hypercalciuria type II, 22 with renal leak hypercalciuria, 11 with normocalciuria, 6 with primary hyperparathyroidism, 3 with renal tubular acidosis and 1 with Paget's disease, as well as 12 control subjects. The observed plasma osteocalcin levels (ng. per ml. mean +/- standard error) were absorptive hypercalciuria I 2.6 +/- 0.20, absorptive hypercalciuria II 3.1 +/- 0.21, renal hypercalciuria 8.7 +/- 0.45, normocalciuric nephrolithiasis 3.3 +/- 0.25, primary hyperparathyroidism 13.2 +/- 0.91, renal tubular acidosis (range) 5.2 to 10.6, Paget's disease 18.0 and control 3.1 +/- 0.20. There were significant differences between the plasma osteocalcin levels of renal hypercalciuria versus primary hyperparathyroidism and renal hypercalciuria/primary hyperparathyroidism versus any other group. There was good correlation between plasma osteocalcin and cyclic adenosine 3,5'-monophosphate data (correlation coefficient 0.72, p less than 0.005). Plasma osteocalcin levels are a potential differential diagnostic tool for patients with stone disease. The diagnostic value compares favorably with that of cyclic adenosine 3,5'-monophosphate, with the advantage that the determination of plasma osteocalcin requires only a single test.
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PMID:Plasma osteocalcin levels in stone disease. A potential aid in the differential diagnosis of calcium nephrolithiasis. 282 25

Osteocalcin, also called bone gla-protein, is a bone matrix protein synthetized specifically by osteoblasts. It circulates in blood where it can be assayed by the radioimmune method. We measured osteocalcin serum levels in 169 adult controls and 161 patients with different disseminated or localized bone diseases. The normal concentration of 6.2 +/- 0.2 ng/ml increases significantly with age. Serum osteocalcin levels are considerably increased in renal osteodystrophy (114 +/- 23 ng/ml) and to a lesser degree in primary hyperparathyroidism (15.9 +/- 2.8 ng/ml) and Paget's disease (11.4 +/- 0.9 ng/ml), all diseases characterized by increased bone turnover. High levels are also encountered in osteomalacia (9.7 +/- 0.9 ng/ml). Conversely, serum osteocalcin levels are significantly decreased in patients under long-term corticosteroid therapy (4.3 +/- 0.5 ng/ml); they remain normal in patients with bone myeloma and bone metastases under treatment. Finally, osteocalcin is normal in patients with osteoporosis, but its level reflects that of bone turnover as evaluated by iliac bone biopsy. The circulating osteocalcin therefore is the first specific and sensitive marker for bone turnover. Serum osteocalcin measurements make it possible to evaluate the osteoblastic bone formation without biopsy and should provide information on the effectiveness of drugs acting on the bone-forming process.
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PMID:[Osteocalcin (or bone gla-protein), a new biological marker for studying bone pathology]. 293 33

Serum osteocalcin levels peaked 1 yr after oophorectomy in a prospective study of 12 women. Estrogen treatment restored serum osteocalcin to the normal range within 4 months of therapy. The changes in serum osteocalcin preceded those in bone alkaline phosphatase activity by 1-2 months, in these oophorectomized patients and during estrogen treatment. The changes in these two markers of bone formation over time were significantly different from those in urinary hydroxyproline excretion. A significant positive correlation was found between bone alkaline phosphatase and serum osteocalcin levels in patients after oophorectomy and in 18 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Significant positive correlations also were found between the biochemical indices of osteoblastic function and urinary hydroxyproline excretion and/or nephrogenous cAMP in primary hyperparathyroidism. In most of the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, however, the elevation in bone alkaline phosphatase was more marked than that in osteocalcin. These data indicate that the clinical utility of serum osteocalcin as a marker of bone formation is similar but not identical to that of bone alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Serum osteocalcin levels and bone alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme after oophorectomy and in primary hyperparathyroidism. 303 Nov 19


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