Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0220723 (PCA)
 4,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Under conditions where cytochalasin B induces ATPase activity of monomeric actin (0.3 mM MgCl2, 1 mM EGTA, 30 microns cytochalasin B, 1 mM ATP) the rate constant of the exchange of actin-bound epsilon-ATP for free ATP is about 4-6 times faster than steady state ATPase activity. When a stoichiometric ATP-actin complex is extracted with PCA (single turnover experiment) the apparent rate constant of Pi generation is not faster than steady state ATPase activity. - The experiments suggest that the hydrolysis of actin-bound ATP and not the subsequent release of hydrolysis products is rate-limiting during cytochalasin-induced ATPase activity of actin.
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PMID:Product release is not the rate-limiting step during cytochalasin B-induced ATPase activity of monomeric actin. 182 56

The Malachite Green method for determination of inorganic phosphate (Pi) (Itaya K. & Ui, M. (1966) Clin. Chim. Acta 14, 361-366) was modified to measure Pi in the range of 0.2-15 nmol per ml of ATPase reaction mixture. An ATPase reaction mixture is quenched with an equal volume of 0.6 M PCA; the supernatant after centrifugation is mixed with an equal volume of the Malachite Green/molybdate reagent containing 2 g of sodium molybdate, 0.3 g of Malachite Green and 0.5 g of Triton X-100 or Sterox SE in 1 liter of 0.7 M HCl, and the absorbance at 650 nm is then measured after a 35-40 min incubation at 25 degrees C. Owing to the high sensitivity and simplicity of the modified method, the slow time course of myosin ATP hydrolysis in the presence of Mg2+ and the size of initial phosphate burst can be determined accurately using relatively low concentrations of native myosin and its subfragment-1. The phosphate burst size varied with changes in pH, ionic strength, and temperature. A typical value was 0.8-0.9 mol per site in 0.1 M KCl, 10 mM MgCl2, pH 8.0 at 25 degrees C for fresh enzyme preparations.
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PMID:The initial phosphate burst in ATP hydrolysis by myosin and subfragment-1 as studied by a modified malachite green method for determination of inorganic phosphate. 294 Feb 37

PCA (posterior cricoarytenoid) muscles and biopsies from the SCM (sterno-cleidomastoid) muscles as well as the diaphragm were serially sectioned and incubated for myofibrillar ATPase and selected metabolic enzymes. The three main fibre types were present in all muscles, although some PCA muscles seemed to lack IIB fibres. The mean fibre type pattern of the PCA muscle was 57% type I, 36% type IIA and 7% type IIB, as compared with 42% type I, 42% type IIA and 16% type IIB in the diaphragm. All fibre types of the PCA muscle and the diaphragm were significantly more oxidative and less glycolytic than the corresponding SCM muscle fibres. Most striking was the finding of high 3-HBDH activity in the PCA and diaphragm muscle fibres, especially in type I.
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PMID:The human posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle and diaphragm. A histochemical comparison as a basis for reinnervation attempts. 294 18

The water content and amounts of sodium, potassium and chloride were measured in the brains of normal rats, rats with PCA, normal rats fed ammoniated cationic exchange resin, and rats with PCA fed the resin. Plasma electrolytes and ammonia levels were also measured, and sodium and chloride spaces were calculated. Rats with PCA showed increased water content, sodium space and chloride space in the brainstem compared to controls. Rats with PCA fed ammoniated resin showed increased chloride content and Na+:K+ ratio in the brainstem, and an increased chloride space in the brainstem. In these rats the chloride spaces in the cerebrum and cerebellum exceeded the sodium spaces. It is concluded that high circulating ammonia levels can in vivo produce ionic shifts which may interfere with nervous function. It is also concluded that increased cytoplasmic osmolarity produced by ammonium ion-induced stimulation of (Na+ + Ka+) ATPase may result in the appearance of swollen astrocytes in conventional electron micrographs.
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PMID:The brain in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy. II. Water and electrolyte changes. 687 7

In the present study, experiments were conducted to determine the effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on (Na+,K+)-ATPase in rat cerebral cortex. PAF, but not lysoPAF, inhibited (Na+,K+)ATPase activity, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, 10(-7) to 10(6) M being the most effective dose. These effects were abolished in the presence of PCA-4248, a PAF antagonist, indicating that the PAF effect may be mediated by its specific membrane receptors. Omission of external calcium caused an increase in the basal activity and abolished the PAF effect on (Na+,K+)ATPase. The present study demonstrates that PAF inhibits (Na+,K+)ATPase activity in the cerebral cortex and suggests that PAF released during certain pathological conditions, such as ischemia, may act on ATPase. This could be one possible mechanism of PAF action that needs further attention.
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PMID:Platelet-activating factor inhibits (Na+,K+) ATPase activity in rat brain. 800 53

Autoantibodies targeting the H+/K+-ATPase proton pump of the gastric parietal cell (parietal cell antibodies [PCA]) are diagnostic of atrophic body gastritis (ABG) leading to pernicious anemia (PA). PCA, ABG, and PA occur in increased frequency in patients with type 1 diabetes and their relatives and are considered "minor" components of forms of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS). A customized radioimmunoprecipitation assay was applied to 6,749 samples from the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium to measure ATP4A autoreactivity. Autoantibody prevalence was correlated with variants in HLA class II, PTPN22, and CTLA4 genes. With an ATP4A radioimmunoprecipitation assay, PCA were detected in sera from 20.9% of affected individuals. PCA prevalence increased with age and was greater in females (25.3%) than males (16.5%) and among Hispanics (36.3%) and blacks (26.2%) compared with non-Hispanic whites (20.8%) and Asians (16.7%). PCA and other organ-specific autoantibodies GAD65, IA-2, thyroid peroxidase (TPO), 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), and transglutaminase (TG) clustered within families with heritability estimates from 71 to 95%. PCA clustered with TPO, 21-OH, and persistent GAD65 autoantibodies but not with celiac (TG) or IA-2 autoantibodies. PCA-positive subjects showed an increased frequency of DRB1*0404, DPB1*0201, and PTPN22 R620W (rs2476601-T) and a decreased frequency of DRB1*0101, DPB1*0301, and CTLA4 CT60 (rs3087243-T). Genetic variants accounted for 4-5% of the heritable risk for PCA. The same alleles were associated with other autoantibody phenotypes in a consistent pattern. Whereas most of the heritable risk for PCA and other antibodies reflects genetic effects that are tissue specific, parietal cell autoimmunity is a major pathogenetic contributor in APS2.
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PMID:ATPase4A Autoreactivity and Its Association With Autoimmune Phenotypes in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium Study. 2640 69

In this study, we report the presence of a microbial community of bioremediation potential in terms of relative abundance and taxonomic biodiversity in sediment samples of river Ganga and Yamuna, India at nine different sites. Metagenomic libraries were constructed using TruSeq Nano DNA Library Prep Kit and sequenced on NextSeq 500 by Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. Bioremediation bacteria belong to 45 genera with 92 species and fungi belong to 13 genera with 24 species have been classified using Kaiju taxonomical classification. The study revealed that Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial flora, followed by Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Deinococcus-Thermus. PCA analysis revealed that bioremediation bacteria viz. Streptomyces bikiniensis, Rhodococcus qingshengii, Bacillus aerophilus, Pseudomonas veronii, etc., were more dominant in highly polluted river stretch as compared to less polluted river stretch. Similarly, the relative abundance of bioremediation fungi viz. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Rhizopus oryzae, etc., were significantly correlated with the polluted Kanpur stretch of river Ganga. Several protein domains, which play a pivotal role in bioremediation in the polluted environments, including urea ABC transporter, UrtA, UrtD, UrtE, zinc/cadmium/mercury/lead-transporting ATPase, etc., were identified using protein domain analysis. The protein domains involved in pesticide biodegradation viz. P450, short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR), etc., were also discovered in river sediment metagenomics data. This is the first report on the richness of bioremediation microbial communities in the Ganga and Yamuna riverine ecosystems, highlighting their importance in aquatic pollution management.
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PMID:Metagenomic Analysis Reveals Bacterial and Fungal Diversity and Their Bioremediation Potential From Sediments of River Ganga and Yamuna in India. 3317 47