Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0220723 (PCA)
 4,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have sought to establish the effect of mitogen treatment on nuclear inositol lipids and the relationship between inositol cycle products and hyperphosphorylation of nuclear proteins via PKC during the lag phase leading to the onset of DNA synthesis. Swiss 3T3 cells were labelled for 36 hr with high levels of [3H]-myo-inositol and the radioactivity in nuclear inositol phospholipids was measured. Treatment of cells for 2 min, but not for 4 hr, with mitogenic concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I and bombesin caused a marked decrease in PtdInsP and PtdInsP2. Moreover, in vivo phosphorylation of some nuclear proteins occurs later on. Among these proteins, histone H1 and 0.75 M PCA soluble polypeptide, with an apparent Mr of 21,000 as revealed by electrophoretic analysis, are phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase C in isolated nuclei purified from 3T3 cells treated for 90 min with IGF-I and bombesin. Since these phosphorylative events follow the earlier changes in nuclear polyphoinositide metabolism induced by the same mitogen combination, it seems possible that these two phenomena are related to each other and trigger the synthetic machinery responsible for replicating DNA.
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PMID:Nuclear inositol lipids. Relationship between growth factor induced metabolic changes and protein kinase C activity. 216 96

When Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts are treated with a combination of IGF-I2 and bombesin at mitogenic concentrations, in vivo phosphorylation of some nuclear proteins occurs within 45-90 min. Among these proteins, histone H1 and a 0.75 M PCA soluble polypeptide with an apparent Mr of 21,000, as revealed by electrophoretic analysis, are phosphorylated in vitro by protein kinase C in isolated nuclei purified from 3T3 cells treated for 90 min with IGF-I and bombesin. Since these phosphorylative events follow the earlier changes, recently demonstrated, in nuclear polyphosphoinositide metabolism induced by the same mitogen combination, it seems possible that these two phenomena are related to each other and trigger the synthetic machinery responsible for replicating DNA.
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PMID:Mitogen-stimulated phosphorylation of nuclear proteins in Swiss 3T3 cells: evidence for a protein kinase C requirement. 255 61

Serum biomarkers that reflect the complex pathways of cancer progression have contributed to the clinical understanding of many malignancies. Recent studies have suggested that certain neuroendocrine (NE) elements participate in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) may serve as a useful marker of and contribute to PCa morbidity. The purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of elevation of two NE factors, chromogranin A (CGA) and bombesin-like immunoreactivity (BLI), in patients with advanced PCa and to determine their relationship to serum prostate-specific antigen PSA) and IL-6 levels, as well as known prognostic indicators (hormonal state, stage). Serum CGA determined by radioimmunoassay was elevated in I (7%) of 15 androgen-dependent (AD) patients and II (52%) of 21 androgen-independent (AI) patients; and urine BLI determined by radioimmunoassay was elevated in 2 (13%) of 16 AD patients and 10 (39%) of 21 AI patients. Frequency of elevation was higher in patients with distant metastasis (bone, visceral) compared with those with local/regional extensions of the disease. Levels of the NE factors correlated well with serum and bone marrow aspirate IL-6 concentrations but not with serum PSA levels. Elevation in either NE factor predicted for shortened survival. Measurement of NE factors in PCa identifies a subset of patients with advanced disease likely to express high levels of IL-6 and have a shorter survival. If confirmed, these findings will support the existence of a clinically relevant subset of patients in whom NE factors are involved in AI PCA progression.
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PMID:Clinical significance of elevation in neuroendocrine factors and interleukin-6 in metastatic prostate cancer. 2122 26