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A method involving the simultaneous extraction and separation of 12 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from Angelicae sinensis was developed using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The pesticides in the study were alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-benzene hexachloride, PCNB (pentachloro- nitrobenzene), PCA (pentachloroaniline), HEPT (heptachlor), MPCPS (methyl-pentachlorophenyl sulfide), pp'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene], op'-DDT [1,1,1,-trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl) ethane], pp'-DDD [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane], and pp'-DDT [1,1,1,-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane]. The extraction conditions were optimized as follows: pure CO(2), extraction pressure 15 MPa, extraction temperature 60 degrees C, extraction time 20 min, and flow-rate 1.5 mL/min. A GC method with electron capture detection was employed to determine the OCPs in Angelicae sinensis. An HPLC method was developed for the quantitative determination of active constituents. The SFE provided high decontamination rate of OCPs and low loss of active constituents in Angelicae sinensis.
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PMID:Supercritical fluid extraction for the separation of organochlorine pesticides residue in Angelica sinensis. 1237 54

A method involving depuration of 12 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) from Radix codonopsis was developed using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The pesticides investigated in the study included alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-benzene hexachloride, PCNB (pentachloro-nitrobenzene), PCA (pentachloroaniline), HEPT (heptachlor), MPCPS (methyl-pentachlorophenyl sulfide), pp'-DDE [1,1-dichloro-2, 2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene], op'-DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane], pp'-DDD [1,1-dichloro-2-2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and pp'-DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane]. A series of experiments was conducted to optimize the final extraction conditions as follows: pure CO2, extraction pressure 15 MPa, extraction temperature 60 degrees C, extraction time 20 min and flow rate 55 mL/h. A GC method with electron capture detection was employed for the determination of the OCPs in Radix codonopsis. An HPLC method was developed for the quantitative determination of active constituents. SFE was used to remove the organochlorine pesticide from Radix codonopsis. The results showed that at least 93.5% of the organochlorine pesticide residues in the herb sample were removed by SPE, while 95.0% of the active constituent marker (atractylenoide III) remained.
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PMID:Decontamination of organochlorine pesticides in Radix codonopsis by supercritical fluid extractions and determination by gas chromatography. 1650 95

The future of human biomonitoring in the Arctic will be influenced by the presence of emerging persistent chemicals. Many modelling studies have attempted to predict which contaminants will be of concern next in the Arctic based on chemical and physical properties as well as known risk factors from existing Arctic contaminants of concern. An amalgamated list of emerging persistent chemicals identified through predictive modelling cross referenced with Arctic wildlife monitoring results provides a basis upon which to prioritize future human biomonitoring in the Arctic. Persistent chemicals identified by this analysis are those in common across models (i.e., HCCPD, PCTP, 1,3,5-triBB, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, hexaBDE, pentabromochlorocyclohexane) and those both identified by models and found in Artic biota (e.g., PFNA, PFUnDA, PFDA, PFTrDA, HCBD, HBCDD, PCA, PFDoDA, BTBPE, PCNB, Endosulfan, etc.). Tracking the appearance of new chemicals in environmental monitoring will allow human biomonitoring to keep pace with emerging issues.
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PMID:Emerging persistent chemicals in human biomonitoring for populations in the Arctic: A Canadian perspective. 3179 48