Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0220723 (PCA)
 4,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Systemic administration in rats of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA; 2 x 10 mg/kg) reduced the in vitro uptake of 14C-5-hydroxytryptamine (14C-5-HT) in cortical synaptosomes by 76% and in spinal cord synaptosomes by 35%. Intrathecal injection of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (20 micrograms/rat) selectively lesioned the descending serotonergic pathways (83% reduction in uptake of 14C-5-HT in spinal synaptosomes, no significant change in uptake in cortical synaptosomes). Administration of PCA or 5,6-DHT did not significantly alter the uptake of 3H-noradrenalin into cortical or spinal synaptosomes. The response thresholds of the rats in the increasing temperature hot plate test (1 to 7 days after administration) were unaffected by either type of lesion. Interference with the antinociceptive effect of PCA (2.5 mg/kg) was evaluated 7 days after administration of the neurotoxins. PCA pretreatment strongly reduced the peak of the PCA-induced antinociception while 5,6-DHT reduced its duration. Thus, both ascending and descending serotonergic pathways contribute to PCA-induced antinociception.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1988 Sep
PMID:The relative contribution of ascending and descending serotonergic pathways in p-chloroamphetamine-induced antinociception. 325 43

Six monoclonal antibodies directed against fusion protein (F) or nucleoprotein (NP) of respiratory syncytial virus (RS) have been investigated in an antigen capture ELISA for virus detection. The potency, spectrum and pattern of reactivity were investigated with the intention of selecting antibodies reacting with RS-common antigen determinants and with complementary rather than competitive activity. Two anti-F protein antibodies satisfied these criteria and were used with enzyme amplified detection in a two site monoclonal assay (MCA/MCA) or as detectors with a polyclonal antibody as capture (PCA/MCA). Comparative studies were performed with immunofluorescence (FA) as the reference test and nasopharyngeal aspirates processed in different ways. The PCA/MCA assay was superior to that using monoclonal antibodies alone and gave results comparable to the reference method. However, the apparent sensitivity related to FA varied with the type of sample processing used. These results emphasise the need for a critical analysis of the factors which can influence the sensitivity of a particular assay system before judgements on relative sensitivity are made.
J Virol Methods 1987 Sep
PMID:The selection and performance of monoclonal and polyclonal anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RS) antibodies in capture ELISAs for antigen detection. 331 61

The basal cerebral arteries were insonated using transcranial pulsed Doppler ultrasound (TPDU) at 2 MHz. The Doppler sample volume (SV) depths at which signals were obtained which could be attributed to the middle, anterior and posterior cerebral arteries (MCA, ACA and PCA) were compared with measurements in adult cadavers and with B-scan ultrasound studies in infants. The depth of the internal carotid artery (ICA) terminal division into ACA and MCA was closely correlated for both groups. In adults, it was found at 5.6 +/- 1.0 cm using TPDU while in cadavers it was found at 5.3 +/- 0.5 cm from the temporal bone. In infants, it was found at 3.2 +/- 0.3 cm for the right side, and 3.2 +/- 0.2 cm for the left side using TPDU, and at 3.4 +/- 0.4 cm and 3.4 +/- 0.5 cm for right and left sides respectively using B-scan ultrasound. The mean depth of the MCA mid-point in infants as defined by TPDU and B-scan was also closely correlated, with values of 2.8 +/- 0.3 cm and 2.7 +/- 0.3 cm for right and left sides respectively using TPDU and of 2.8 +/- 0.4 cm and 2.7 +/- 0.4 cm for right and left sides respectively using B-scan ultrasound. Values for the most lateral part of the MCA did not correlate. In adults, signals from the ACA and PCA were obtained at greater SV depth than the MCA, thus preventing confusion.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1986 Sep
PMID:Anatomical validation of middle cerebral artery position as identified by transcranial pulsed Doppler ultrasound. 353 8

Dental casts of 242 Bedouin children were used to study directional asymmetry (DA). Results of Student's t-test pair comparison showed that for permanent dentition, 4 out of 24 DA measures were statistically significant whereas for deciduous dentition, 8 out of 20 measures were significant (p less than 0.05). The magnitude of DA was on the average 1% of the total size of the tooth. No preference regarding dimension (buccolingual, mesiodistal) or jaw (maxilla, mandible) was detected for the DA. PCA results demonstrated the independent nature of DA measures in the dentition.
Anthropol Anz 1987 Sep
PMID:Directional dental asymmetry in South Sinai Bedouin isolates. 366 64

The systemic and topical antiinflammatory activities of budesonide (B) were studied in rats and mice and compared with those of commercially available steroids. Betamethasone 17-valerate (BV) was used as the main reference compound, and fluosinolone acetonide (FA), hydrocortisone 17-butyrate (HB) and hydrocortisone 21-acetate (HA) were also used. B given systemically had stronger antiinflammatory effect than BV on carrageenin edema, cotton pellet granuloma, adjuvant arthritis, croton oil edema, PCA reaction, Arthus reaction, contact hypersensitivity and histamine or serotonin skin reaction. The potency of antiinflammatory activity of the 5 compounds in carrageenin edema, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity tests was in the order of FA, B, BV, HB and HA. B given locally also produced stronger antiinflammatory effects than BV on carrageenin edema, cotton pellet granuloma, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity. The order of potency of the 5 compounds in carrageenin edema, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity tests was the same as by systemic application. In general, the ratio of the dose required to cause atrophy of the thymus and adrenals to the dose required to produce the antiinflammatory effect was the greatest with B by both systemic and local application. The results suggest that B has a stronger antiinflammatory activity with fewer systemic side effects than conventional steroid compounds.
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1985 Sep
PMID:[The antiinflammatory effect of budesonide]. 384 32

A bioassay, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of platelet adenosine nucleotides and hypoxanthine, was studied for its potential use as a test for MH susceptibility. A protocol for the assay was developed, based on the method outlined by Solomons and Masson. The HPLC procedure was a rapid, efficient, sensitive, and highly reproducible technique for measuring ATP, ADP, AMP, and hypoxanthine in platelets. Conditions of extraction and storage were critical for preventing degradation of the nucleotides. Extraction of nucleotides at icebath temperature was found necessary. Storage of platelet extract in PCA, even at -20 degrees C, showed loss of ATP and ADP; hence, neutralization with KOH was essential before storage. Contrary to the findings of Solomons et al., the present study demonstrated that neither ATP depletion nor per cent reduction in nucleotide ratios in platelets treated with halothane can be used as a definitive test for the diagnosis of MH susceptibility. The reason for this disagreement is unclear; however, differences in methods and altitude are implicated. It is possible that the platelet is not affected by malignant hyperthermia and thus cannot serve as a test system for the detection of the syndrome.
Anesthesiology 1985 Sep
PMID:The use of a platelet nucleotide assay as a possible diagnostic test for malignant hyperthermia. 402 92

Immunization of rabbits as neonates and periodically thereafter has been shown to induce the long-term preferential production of specific IgE antibodies. Specific IgG antibodies are not detected in the majority (greater than 70%) of rabbits when classical immunological detection techniques are used, including heterologous PCA in guinea-pig skin. Nevertheless, in this study we demonstrate that all rabbits neonatally immunized to the antigen horseradish peroxidase (HRP) do produce low levels of specific IgG antibody detectable by an ELISA technique. Serum levels of anti-HRP IgG were found to be log normally distributed, with a geometric mean for the heterologous PCA-negative sera of 31.6 X/divided by 2.69 micrograms/ml. Serum anti-HRP IgE levels (log2 homologous PCA titres) are bimodally distributed. Specific IgG and IgE levels in individual rabbits have a significant direct relationship. Six heterologous PCA-negative and seven heterologous PCA-positive rabbits were challenged intravenously with HRP. All of the respiratory and circulatory alterations typical of IgE anaphylaxis occurred in every challenged rabbit. Regression analysis of percentage changes in the physiological variables vs log specific IgE level indicated that none of the changes was either directly or inversely related to the specific IgG levels. Also the mean changes of the heterologous PCA-positive vs negative rabbits did not differ significantly. Thus, we could find no evidence for either a blocking or enhancing effect of the specific IgG antibodies (range 10-529 micrograms/ml serum) on the IgE-induced anaphylactic reaction.
Immunology 1985 Sep
PMID:Effect of specific IgG on IgE-induced systemic anaphylaxis in the rabbit. 404 97

The effects of an intravenously administered nitroxyl spin label (PCA) on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance and relaxation times of acute canine myocardial infarctions were studied. Twenty-four hours after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), animals were either sacrificed immediately (three dogs) or injected with 3.0 mmol/kg of PCA prior to sacrifice (six dogs). The PCA group dogs were sacrificed at either 5 minutes postinjection (three dogs) or 15 minutes postinjection (three dogs). Magnetic resonance imaging (0.35 T) using spin-echo techniques demonstrated high signal intensity in the infarct relative to normal myocardium in all three groups. In the control group, the T1 and T2 relaxation times were longer in infarcted compared with normal myocardium, but only the measure in T2 reached statistical significance (P less than .05). PCA produced infarct-avid T1 shortening in the six dogs that received it. Contrast in the group sacrificed at 15 minutes postcontrast administration was greater than that in the control group due to T1 shortening in the infarct. Thus, PCA produces differential effects on normal and infarcted myocardium. Between 5 and 15 minutes after IV administration, it causes greater changes in the infarct due to prolonged retention in this region.
Invest Radiol 1985 Sep
PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of acute myocardial infarction using a nitroxyl spin label (PCA). 406 30

The present experiment was an attempt to clarify the pharmacological properties of oxatomide. Oxatomide administered i.v. was found to be as active as disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) in inhibiting the IgE-mediated 48 hr homologous PCA in rats. In contrast to DSCG, oxatomide was also effective when administered p.o. Oxatomide inhibited the IgG-mediated 4 hr heterologous PCA in guinea pigs. However, DSCG did not prevent this reaction. In an attempt to determine at what stage in the PCA reaction oxatomide was effective, the experiment was performed utilizing a double sensitization technique with two different IgE antibodies, anti-dinitrophenylated-ascaris extract and anti-egg albumin. When the same antigen was challenged twice in sequence, the second antigen challenge did not produce the PCA regardless of the presence or absence of oxatomide at the initial antigen challenge. However, the presence of oxatomide during the period of the first challenge preserved completely the PCA responsiveness of the tissue to the second challenge with the other antigen. Similar results were obtained with DSCG. These results suggest that oxatomide may not impair the antigen-antibody combination, but it probably prevents the release of chemical mediators in a manner similar to DSCG.
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1982 Sep
PMID:[Pharmacological studies on oxatomide (KW-4354): (1) Effect on passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA)]. 613 32

The functional stability of primary cultures of adrenal medulla cells was investigated. Isolated cells were prepared by treatment of bovine adrenal glands with collagenase followed by purification on Percoll density gradients and were maintained in Dulbecco's medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. Within 12 h after plating on plastic culture dishes, the cells became firmly attached and exhibited good survival for periods of time up to 3 weeks, as indicated by their morphology using light and electron microscopy, by maintenance of their content of catecholamines, tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, and their ability to respond to secretagogues. During the first 10 days to 2 weeks in culture there was little or no change in any of these parameters. During the 3rd week there were progressive losses of catecholamine and enzyme activities and increased vacuolization of medullary cells. The cells synthesized protein and RNA with no apparent loss in activities over the period studied, but did not incorporate [3H]thymidine into PCA-precipitable material. The cells responded to secretagogues and secretory antagonists similarly to isolated perfused adrenal glands. The studies described here demonstrate that primary cultures of adrenal medulla cells provide an excellent experimental system for obtaining more detailed information on stimulus-secretion coupling and other functional aspects of the adrenal medulla.
J Neurochem 1980 Sep
PMID:Stability of bovine adrenal medulla cells in culture. 616 Dec 28


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