Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0220723 (PCA)
 4,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this prospective study, the postoperative analgesic effects of intraoperative iv clonidine were evaluated. Two hundred consecutive patients undergoing major abdominal surgery were randomly assigned to either balanced anaesthesia with iv clonidine (Group 1) or balanced anaesthesia alone (Group 2). A PCA infuser was connected immediately after tracheal extubation. It was programmed to deliver morphine "on demand" iv boluses at doses of 1 mg for patients greater than 65 yr and 1.5 mg for women or 2 mg for men less than 65 yr old. A blinded observer assessed postoperative analgesia by recording the analgesic demands (both met and unmet), patient pain scores, sedation scores, and any side effects during the first 36 hr after surgery. Intraoperative clonidine reduced the number of analgesic demands during the observation period (45 +/- 27 demands in Group 1 vs 81 +/- 60 in Group 2, P = 0.0001). This resulted in a reduction in morphine delivered (55.4 +/- 30.6 mg vs 67.1 +/- 45.1 mg, P less than 0.05), mainly during the first 12 hr (19.7 +/- 11.1 mg vs 27.6 +/- 18.1, mg P less than 0.001) and the unmet demand rate was also reduced at all time intervals (P less than 0.01). Clonidine did not exacerbate sedation or side effects. However, clonidine provided better analgesia in men and in patients less than 65 yr of age. Intraoperative iv clonidine enhances morphine analgesia after abdominal surgery.
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PMID:Intraoperative clonidine enhances postoperative morphine patient-controlled analgesia. 164 72

Sufentanil or a sufentanil-clonidine combination was evaluated to determine whether the basal rate in patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) might affect the daily consumption, quality of analgesia or incidence of side effects. Following Caesarean section delivery, 60 patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the four following PCA regimens (15 patients per group) for the relief of post-operative pain by the epidural route: sufentanil 2 micrograms mL-1 in 0.9% NaCl, demand dose 5 micrograms i.e. 2.5 mL, (group S+ with, group S without an infusion at 2.5 mL hr-1) or sufentanil 2 micrograms mL-1 + clonidine 3 micrograms mL-1, demand dose 5 micrograms sufentanil + 7.5 micrograms clonidine i.e. 2.5 mL (group SC+ with and SC without an infusion of 2.5 ml hr-1). The other PCA settings (Bard I PCA pump) were a lock out of interval of 10 min and a 1 h limit of 20 micrograms sufentanil and 30 micrograms clonidine i.e. 10 mL. The parameters measured were the analgesic drug consumption and number of dose demands during the first 24 h, pain scores at 6 h intervals, side effects and quality of sleep. The concurrent infusion increased the dose requirements regardless of the content of the syringe. Consumption of sufentanil was the highest in those patients receiving the plain solution with a basal infusion. Clonidine addition reduced the dose requirements but only significantly in those receiving the background infusion. Patients treated with the mixture tended to reach lower pain scores than those receiving sufentanil only without basal rate. Patients receiving the mixture with basal rate requested significantly fewer additional demands compared with the three other groups, but this did not influence the quality of sleep. Since side effects were more frequently registered in the patients in this group, it was concluded that the optimum regimen was the sufentanil-clonidine combination but with deletion of the basal rate.
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PMID:Potentiation of sufentanil by clonidine in PCEA with or without basal infusion. 895 87