Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0220723 (PCA)
 4,687 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An alanine, lysine and glutamic acid-rich nuclear protein (P2) of Mr approximately 19,500 co-extracts with the histones from nuclei of Physarum polycephalum when using the CaCl2 method for histone extraction [1] and was found to have the composition previously ascribed to a putative histone H1(0) isolated from microplasmodia using 5% PCA (Yasuda, H., Mueller, R.D., Logan, K.A. and Bradbury, E.M. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 2349-2354). P2 has very similar electrophoretic properties to chicken erythrocyte histone H5, calf thymus histone H1(0) and the Physarum HMG-like protein AS-2, but does not appear to be immunologically or structurally similar to H5 or H1(0). An increase in the abundance of P2 was observed during exponential growth in microplasmodia, reaching an approximately 1:1 ratio with histone H1 by 48 h of culture. Standard amino acid analysis and NMR show that P2 is more HMG-like than H1-like and CD measurements demonstrated that P2 contains only 5% secondary structure in its maximally structured state and is, therefore, essentially unstructured under in vivo conditions. Also possible clustering of acidic residues is detected using CD and may be of functional significance. Analysis of post-translational modification of P2 shows that it is phosphorylated at up to three sites as isolated from immature spherules. The relationship of P2 to the HMG family of proteins and AS-2 is discussed.
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PMID:Isolation, characterisation and growth-related changes of an HMG-like protein from microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum. 188 60

Thiophosphorylation and phosphorylation of 5% perchloric acid extractable proteins from calf thymus chromatin were studied using a cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase from bovine lung and a nuclear protein kinase II from rat liver. The phosphorylation reaction catalyzed by nuclear protein kinase II utilized [gamma -35S]ATP as a phosphate donor almost as efficiently as [gamma -32P]ATP, but the cGMP-dependent protein kinase mediated phosphorylation by [35S]ATP was about 20 times less effective than that by [32P]ATP. In addition, using [35S]ATP instead of [32P]ATP changed markedly the cGMP-dependent phosphorylation pattern of the PCA-extractable proteins as examined by gel electrophoresis. Thus, depending on the type of protein kinase, the results from thiophosphorylation and phosphorylation reactions may vary considerably.
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PMID:Thiophosphorylation and phosphorylation of chromatin proteins from calf thymus in vitro. 298 63

The effect of cultured thymic fragment (CTF) transplantation on the IgE response of nude mice was studied. Nude mice (BALB/c nu/nu) were immunized with a mixture of tetanus toxoid and aluminium gel intraperitoneally. Non-CTF transplanted nude mice could not regulate IgE production nor synthesize specific IgE antibody, and all died at 16 weeks of age. Nude mice that were transplanted with CTF from allogeneic low responder strains (C57BL/6, SJL), allogeneic high responder strain (ASW) and syngeneic high responder strain (BALB/c) could regulate IgE production, and these lived a normal life span. Additionally, the tetanus toxoid-specific IgE antibody response, which was estimated by PCA, paralleled that seen in the strain of the thymus donor, i.e. BALB/c and ASW thymus reconstitution produced the highest response, whereas SJL and C57BL/6 recipients' levels were significantly less (P less than 0.05). We postulate that the lesser responses were due to the determination of the phenotype response by the thymic microenvironment. The low responses were shown to be due to regulator T-cell imbalance. These data show that BALB/c T-cell precursors developing in non-BALB/c thymuses interact with BALB/c B cells to produce levels of IgE antibody that are more characteristic of the non-BALB/c differentiating microenvironment than of their own genetic background.
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PMID:Effect on IgE production of transplanted cultured thymic fragments. 349 8

The systemic and topical antiinflammatory activities of budesonide (B) were studied in rats and mice and compared with those of commercially available steroids. Betamethasone 17-valerate (BV) was used as the main reference compound, and fluosinolone acetonide (FA), hydrocortisone 17-butyrate (HB) and hydrocortisone 21-acetate (HA) were also used. B given systemically had stronger antiinflammatory effect than BV on carrageenin edema, cotton pellet granuloma, adjuvant arthritis, croton oil edema, PCA reaction, Arthus reaction, contact hypersensitivity and histamine or serotonin skin reaction. The potency of antiinflammatory activity of the 5 compounds in carrageenin edema, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity tests was in the order of FA, B, BV, HB and HA. B given locally also produced stronger antiinflammatory effects than BV on carrageenin edema, cotton pellet granuloma, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity. The order of potency of the 5 compounds in carrageenin edema, croton oil edema and contact hypersensitivity tests was the same as by systemic application. In general, the ratio of the dose required to cause atrophy of the thymus and adrenals to the dose required to produce the antiinflammatory effect was the greatest with B by both systemic and local application. The results suggest that B has a stronger antiinflammatory activity with fewer systemic side effects than conventional steroid compounds.
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PMID:[The antiinflammatory effect of budesonide]. 384 32

Anti-parasite antibody responses were compared among several strains of mice experimentally infected with the dwarf tapeworm, Hymenolepis nana. The antibody titres were highly variable among the mouse strains in addition to variation in worm fecundity and longevity. The influence of the thymus on both infection and anti-parasite antibody production (especially of IgE isotype) was studied by the use of congenitally athymic (nu/nu) nude and their phenotypically normal (nu/+) CD-1(ICR) mice infected with H. nana. All nude (nu/nu) mice harboured fully mature 70 day old adult tapeworms of the first generation derived from eggs initially given on day 0. In addition, they contained (a) younger second generation adults derived from autoinfection and present in the intestinal lumen, (b) a number of abnormally large (about 1-2 mm in diameter) balloon like, fluid filled cysticercoids in not only the intestinal tissue but also parenteral tissues such as the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and lung, and (c) normal cysticercoids derived from challenging eggs in the intestinal tissue. Infected nude mice produced no antibodies detectable by PCA (IgE) and double diffusion (IgG) tests. In contrast, normal (nu/+) mice and nude mice reconstituted with thymocytes expelled almost all luminal adults of the primary infection by day 70 and produced antibodies to extracts of adult H. nana. Neither autoinfection nor reinfection following egg challenge occurred in any of these normal (nu/+) and reconstituted nude mice. Therefore, acquired immune responses against H. nana (as assessed by resistance not only to the tissue phase measured by the failure of tissue cysticercoid recovery from egg challenge, but also to the lumen phase assessed by the failure of autoinfection adult recovery and 'worm expulsion' of the initially established adults) are all thymus-dependent in mice. The antibody responses examined are also thymus-dependent.
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PMID:Thymus dependency of induced immune responses against Hymenolepis nana (cestode) using congenitally athymic nude mice. 400 1

Fludroxycortide tape is a thin plastic tape which contains a synthetic glucocorticoid, fludroxycortide of 4 microgram/cm2. fludroxycortide tape with a topical application of 1 cm2 inhibited significantly contact hypersensitivities to oxazolone and picryl chloride in the ear skin of mice and PCA caused by IgE-like antibodies in the depilated abdominal skin of rats. Topical application of 1 to 4 cm2 of fludroxycortide tape produced a significant inhibition against histamine-induced vascular permeability, skin edema induced by intradermal injection of carrageenin into the depilated back and ear edema induced by topical application of croton oil in rats. Topical to oxazolone in dose-dependent manner, and had no thymolytic action, while in a dose of 100 microgram/ear, thymus atrophy occurred. Ear edema induced by croton oil was markedly inhibited by topical application of fludroxycortide (0.4 microgram/ear). Thus, fludorxycortide tape has topical anti-inflammatory activity against both allergic and non-allergic inflammation in mice and rats, and the topical anti-inflammatory activity of fludroxycortide appears to be favourably dissociated from its thymolytic action.
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PMID:[Anti-inflammatory activity of a topical glucocorticoid, fludroxycortide tape in experimental animals (author's transl)]. 721 97