Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0206061 (interstitial pneumonia)
 6,105 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although abnormalities of alveolar fibrin turnover have been reported to play a role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the pathophysiological relevance remains unclear. We therefore investigated the localization of tissue factor (TF) and fibrin deposition in patients with IPF using immunohistochemistry and compared the results with those from patients who had interstitial pneumonia associated with systemic sclerosis (IP-SSc) and idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP). Expression of TF-mRNA was also assessed, using in situ hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probe. In patients with IPF, IP-SSc, and idiopathic BOOP, the TF antigen was positively stained in type II pneumocytes and in some alveolar macrophages. The fibrin antigen was stained in the type II pneumocytes and the adjacent area. Tissue factor-mRNA was expressed in the type II pneumocytes and in some alveolar macrophages. Neither TF antigens nor TF-mRNA were detected in the normal lung. These results indicate that type II pneumocytes are a major source of TF, suggesting that TF production in these cells is closely related to fibrin deposition in the lungs of people with these diseases.
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PMID:Tissue factor expression and fibrin deposition in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. 927 50

Changes in the alveolar hemostatic balance in severe pneumonia were compared with those in the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Analysis was performed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of patients with ARDS triggered by nonpulmonary underlying events in the absence of lung infection (ARDS; n = 25), pneumonia demanding mechanical ventilation (PNEU-vent; n = 114), spontaneously breathing patients with pneumonia (PNEU-spon; n = 40), and ARDS in combination with lung infection (ARDS+PNEU; n = 43); comparison with healthy control subjects (n = 35) was performed. In all groups of patients, BALF total procoagulant activity was increased by nearly two orders of magnitude, being largely attributable to the tissue factor pathway of coagulation. Concomitantly, markedly reduced overall fibrinolytic capacity (fibrin plate assay) was noted in the lavage fluids of all patients. BALF levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator were significantly reduced throughout, whereas the lavage concentrations of tissue-type plasminogen activator did not differ from those in control subjects. In addition, markedly enhanced levels of plasminogen activator- inhibitor I and alpha(2)-antiplasmin were noted in ARDS, ARDS+PNEU, and PNEU-vent, but not in PNEU-spon. In all groups of patients, the changes in the lavage enzymatic activities were paralleled by manifold increased BALF concentrations of fibrinopeptide A and D-dimer, reflecting in vivo coagulation processes. Within the overall number of patients with pneumonia, changes in the alveolar hemostatic balance were more prominent in alveolar and interstitial pneumonia than in bronchopneumonia. Acute inflammatory lung injury, whether triggered by nonpulmonary systemic events or primary lung infection, is thus consistently characterized by both enhanced procoagulant and depressed fibrinolytic activities in the alveolar lining layer, with the appearance of fibrin formation in this compartment. Profile and extent of changes in severe pneumonia demanding respirator therapy are virtually identical to those in ARDS, whereas somewhat less prominent alterations of the alveolar hemostatic balance are noted in spontaneously breathing patients with pneumonia.
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PMID:Alveolar fibrin formation caused by enhanced procoagulant and depressed fibrinolytic capacities in severe pneumonia. Comparison with the acute respiratory distress syndrome. 1067 85

We examined haemostatic abnormalities and thrombotic disorders in 217 patients with malignant lymphoma. Plasma levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer were significantly higher in patients with malignant lymphoma than in healthy subjects. The incidence of severe complications, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and interstitial pneumonia (IP), differed with each clinical stage or histological type, but they occurred frequently in stage IV or natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma. Plasma levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and D-dimer, leukocyte tissue factor (TF) mRNA and plasma TF antigen were significantly higher in stage IV than in stage I, II or III. Plasma levels of FDP, D-dimer, and leukocyte TF mRNA in NK cell lymphoma were markedly higher than in other types of lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining of NK cell lymphoma revealed that granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was positive in tumour cells, whereas von Willebrand factor and TF were positive in vascular endothelial cells of surrounding tissue. Our results suggested that patients with stage IV disease and NK cell lymphoma were in abnormal thrombotic and haemostatic state, and may frequently develop DIC and IP. One of the mechanisms of DIC and IP may involve elevated cytokine production by lymphoma cells, which can stimulate the expression of TF in blood cells or surrounding tissue.
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PMID:Haemostatic abnormalities and thrombotic disorders in malignant lymphoma. 1563 Apr 82

We measured and compared the levels of microparticles, chemokines, cell adhesion molecules and platelet activation markers with a view to developing a better understanding of their potential contributions to the pathophysiology of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS, scleroderma). The concentrations of all the factors in PSS patients were significantly higher than those in normal subjects. PSS patients were divided to two groups by whether they have interstitial pneumonia (IP) or not. There were no differences in the levels of soluble(s) VCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin and IL-8 between the two groups. However, there were significant between-group differences in the levels of sP-selectin, sCD40L, ENA-78, RANTES (regulated on activation normally T-cell expressed and secreted), platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs), monocyte-derived microparticle (MDMPs) and KL-6. The level of tissue factor expression on monocytes by A23187 stimulation in PSS patients was found to be similar to that in healthy controls. Although PDMP did not induce the expression of tissue factor on monocytic cell line (THP-1) directly, the recombinant sCD40 ligand-induced expression of tissue factor on THP-1 and generation of MDMP from this cell line were enhanced by the addition of PDMPs. Our findings suggested that elevated levels of PDMPs and MDMPs may be interpreted as a sign of vascular complications in PSS patients, particularly those complicated with IP, offering a new treatment strategy in these patients.
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PMID:Significance of microparticles in progressive systemic sclerosis with interstitial pneumonia. 1843 20