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Query: UMLS:C0206061 (interstitial pneumonia)
 6,105 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Among 40 hospitalized infants and children with cytomegalovirus infection, 14 (35%) had interstitial pneumonitis, 4 (10%) had wheezing or tachypnoea but without x-ray evidence of classical interstitial pneumonia, the remaining 22 (55%) were free of pulmonary involvement. Most patients had tachypnoea and nonproductive cough of varying durations: those with underlying pulmonary pathology tended to have persistent and prolonged respiratory symptoms. Mortality and severity of the lung disease were related to the underlying immunodeficiency or concomitant pulmonary process.
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PMID:Pulmonary involvement with cytomegalovirus infections in children. 19 40

Two brothers, aged 3 and 6 years, respectively, had their pulmonary conditions diagnosed as idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH). Both boys had severe iron-deficiency anemia, chronic cough, hemoptysis, and exertional dyspnea, and one had recurrent epistaxis. The results of light microscopic lung histopathologic studies in both patients showed numerous hemosiderinladen macrophages and chronic interstitial pneumonitis. No specific patterns of immunofluorescence of the alveolar capillary basement membranes were found. The results of electron microscopic examinations showed intact alveolar and capillary basement membranes and no evidence of electron-dense deposits. The lack of clinical or biochemical evidence for renal disease as well as the absence of serum antinuclear and antibasement membrane antibodies excluded associated autoimmune disorders. Evaluation for milk-protein allergy was negative and neither child demonstrated a clinical response to a milk-free diet. Sequential pulmonary function studies performed over four years showed episodes of acute obstructive airway disease that correlated with pulmonary hemorrhage and mild persistent restrictive lung disease. The results of this family study suggested that some cases of IPH may have a genetic basis.
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PMID:Familial idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. 37 18

An animal model of environmental lung disease is described in which phytomitogen, antigen, or both, are administered in aerosol form to previously immunized or immunologically naive rabbits. Inhalation of concanavalin A alone induced an interstitial pneumonitis in nonimmunized rabbits. Inhalation of concanavalin A alone induced an interstitial pneumonitis in nonimmunized rabbits. Inhalation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) alone typically produced only focal eosinophilic granulomas in BSA-immunized animals, and no injury whatever in nonimmune animals. However, simultaneous administration of BSA-concanavalin A aerosol mixtures to BSA-immunized rabbits induced a severe interstitial pneumonitis and granulomatous vasculitis, together with areas of frank parenchymal necrosis. When repeated on a chronic basis over a 4- or 8-week interval, challenge with BSA-concanavalin A aerosols resulted in both acute necrotic lesions as well as areas of frank interstitial fibrosis. Necrotic foci in acutely injured lungs were associated with interstitial deposits of BSA, rabbit anti-BSA antibody, and complement. Electron microscopy revealed numerous neutrophils within the pulmonary interstitial spaces of these animals, often in association with collagen and elastin fibers. The pattern of injury in immune rabbits induced by antigen-concanavalin A aerosols, in its nonnecrotizing form, is consistent with that of an extrinsic allergic alveolitis. However, the severe, necrotizing form of acute injury closely resembles changes seen in Wegener's granulomatosis. Possible mechanisms of injury produced by antigen and phytomitogen inhalation are discussed.
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PMID:In vivo responses to inhaled proteins. II. Induction of interstitial pneumonitis and enhancement of immune complex-mediated alveolitis by inhaled concanavalin A. 42 30

Cyclophosphamide can rarely cause interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis. Although it has been reported previously in patients being treated for lymphoma, it occurred in this case in a man under treatment for glomerulonephritis. The temporal sequence of the respiratory insufficiency and the histopathology, when compared to the previous examples in the literature, suggest that cyclophosphamide was aetiologically responsible for the lung disease. There may be an interval of one or more months after discontinuation of cyclophosphamide therapy before clinical or radiological improvement occurs.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide pneumonitis. 64 45

Pulmonary disease has been associated with several chemotherapeutic agents but has not been reported in patients receiving the alkylating agent mitomycin (Mutamycin). We describe here the cases of three patients who developed interstitial pneumonia while receiving mitomycin therapy. Their clinical features including dyspnea, cough, and occasionally fever; reticular infiltrates were seen on chest roentgenogram. Histologically, diffuse alveolar septal edema, mononuclear-cell interstitial infiltrates, hypertrophy of alveolar lining cells, and alveolar septal collagen deposition were characteristic. Treatment with corticosteroids was associated with a rapid therapeutic response in all three patients.
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PMID:Interstitial pneumonia from mitomycin. 68 48

One of the diagnostic possibilities to consider when a patient presents with cough, fever, dyspnea, or pulmonary infiltrates is hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Some of the problems encountered in diagnosis of diffuse lung disease are illustrated in two case reports. In one of the cases, interstitial pneumonitis of insidious onset was attributed to inhalation of thermophilic organisms in moldy silage. In the other, the outstanding pathologic feature was bronchiolitis obliterans, and circumstantial evidence pointed to a home humidifier as the source of the problem.
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PMID:Allergic alveolar diseases. Problems in diagnosis and management. 95 74

Interstitial pneumonitis may be the presenting manifestation of polymyositis-dermatomyositis, or may occur later in the evolution of the disease. The clinical picture is characterized by non-productive cough, dyspnea and hypoxemia. The chest radiograph demonstrates interstitial infiltrates with predilection for the lung bases, often with an alveolar pattern in addition. The histopathologic features are those of organizing and interstitial pneumonitis and pleuritis, with variable fibrosis. In the present series, the patients with mixed alveolar and interstitial infiltrates on chest radiograph and organizing pneumonia and bronchiolitis obliterans in addition to interstitial pneumonitis. In one patient evolution from pulmonary inflammation to interstitial fibrosis was demonstrated. The etiology of primary lung disease in PM-DM is not known, but cell-mediated autoimmunity to an unidentified component of lung tissue is suggested. Including the present series, 50 percent of patients have responded favorably to corticosteroids with decreased dyspnea, clearing of the chest radiograph and improved pulmonary function tests.
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PMID:Interstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis: analysis of six cases and review of the literature. 124 3

Clinical criteria for definition of IIP proposed in 1991 by the Project Team for Diffuse Lung Diseases Organized by Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare are reviewed. After the clinical roentgenological, and pathological researches of 92 IIP patients, we concluded that IIP patients were grouped into two clinical types, acute and chronic, by their clinical courses and characteristic pathological findings. The latter is, moreover, grouped into two types, typical and atypical, by their morphological characteristics. The acute type are represented by alveolitis with marked edema and cell infiltration of alveolar wall, and by hyaline membrane formation. "Typical" of chronic types only have typical pathologic changes of interstitial pneumonia and/or fibrosis represented by honeycombing. "Atypical" have both those interstitial changes and intra-alveolar scar formation and fibrosis due to organized pneumonia and secondarily occurred emphysema such as bulla as well. The continuity in clinical courses between acute and chronic types are still obscure.
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PMID:[Clinical criteria for definition of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP)]. 140 18

Two cases of farmer's lung disease in siblings are reported. A 54-year-old male farmer, who had been engaged in stock work for 20 years, presented to our clinic for the second episode of fever, productive cough and shortness of breath. Chest roentgenogram revealed diffuse micronodular pattern, and mild hypoxemia was recognized on arterial blood gas analysis. Cytology obtained from BALF showed lymphocytosis, with especially increased OKT3, OKT4 positive cells and OKT4/8 ratio. The diagnosis was confirmed by highly positive reaction of precipitins to Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and granulomatous interstitial pneumonitis on histopathological examination. The second case was a 51-year-old female patient, the sister of the first case, who also worked as a stock farmer of another farm for 20 years. She presented with an episode of similar symptoms to the first case, one and a half years after the onset of her brother's symptoms. The findings of roentgenogram, BALF analysis, precipitins to T. Vulgaris and pathology were similar to those of the first case. The finding of high OKT4/8 ratio on BALF analysis in both cases is characteristic of formers lung disease, in contrast to the summer-type hypersensitivity pneumonitis which usually shows low OKT4/8 ratio in BALF. To our knowledge, this is the first report of farmer's lung disease in an area other than the northern part of Japan. Thus we conclude that farmer's lung disease may occur in Japan under any environmental conditions, and that some genetic factor may take part in the onset of this disease.
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PMID:[Case report of Farmer's lung disease in siblings in Kagoshima Prefecture]. 146 85

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare lung disease, characterized by progressive formation of intra-alveolar calculi in response to an unknown stimulus. We report an unusual presentation of PAM in a 10 year old girl with clinically significant interstitial lung disease and histological evidence of both PAM and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis. A rapid improvement of pulmonary function and exercise tolerance was seen in response to glucosteroid therapy.
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PMID:Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis in a ten year old girl. 148 77


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