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Query: UMLS:C0205700 (ash)
 15,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objective of this study was to prepare shelf-stable electrolyte beverages from milk permeate. The average composition of permeate was 4.59% total solids and .40% ash. Lactose was hydrolyzed (approximately 80%) with a commercial fungal lactase enzyme. Additional sweetness was provided by sucrose. The pH was reduced to 3.5 to 3.8 by the addition of citric acid. Shelf-stable products were made using four processes: 1) UHT followed by aseptic filling, 2) heating of filled bottles to 85 degrees C for 30 min, 3) addition of .05% benzoate, and 4) nanopore filtration. The mineral composition of the finished product, expressed in parts per million, was calcium, 150; phosphorus, 157; magnesium, 43; potassium, 1166; sodium, 286; iron, 17; copper, 8; and zinc, 3.4. Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella dublin, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae grew well when they were inoculated into unacidified, hydrolyzed permeate. None of these organisms were isolated from properly processed products. A shelf-stable electrolyte beverage high in minerals was made from whole milk permeate. This beverage could be used to replace electrolytes lost from the human body. The production of a permeate beverage would help alleviate disposal problems of permeate.
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PMID:Production of an electrolyte beverage from milk permeate. 145 42

The nutritive quality of sorghum-commonbean (40:60) tempe manufactured by Rhizopus oligosporus: Rhizopus oryzae (1:1) mixed culture fermentation was determined. The protein, crude fat and ash content increased slightly, while carbohydrates decreased. The dietary fibre of the tempe increased by 10%. Mould fermentation increased the content of reducing sugars, total acid and aminonitrogen 15.3, 6.7 and 4.6-fold, respectively. It decreased the phytate content by 44% and it increased the tannic acid content by 52%. In vitro iron absorption increased from 2.8 to 12.5%. The protein efficiency ratio of tempe was 1.61 +/- 0.33; the net protein ratio was 2.39 +/- 0.20; the in vitro and in vivo protein digestibility were 88.2 and 80.0 +/- 0.05% respectively, while the protein efficiency ratio, net protein ratio in vivo digestibility of skim milk was 2.96 +/- 0.17, 3.51 +/- 0.17 and 98.0 +/- 1.87, respectively. The sorghum-bean tempe could be used for supplementary feeding.
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PMID:The nutritive quality of sorghum-commonbean tempe. 150 26

Two germplasms of the tribal pulse, Mucuna monosperma Dc. ex Wight, viz., Thirunelly Reserve Forest, Wynaad District (Kerala) and Siruvani Reserve Forest, Coimbatore District (Tamilnadu), were analysed for proximate composition, total (true) seed proteins, seed protein fractionation, amino acid composition, fatty acids, minerals and anti-nutritional factors. Crude proteins, crude lipids, ash and nitrogen free extractives constituted 23.10%, 4.36%, 3.80%, 61.74%, respectively, in Tamilnadu germplasm; whereas, in Kerala germplasm they constituted 20.13%, 8.99%, 3.60% and 61.69%, respectively. The calorific values of 100 g dry matter of seed material are 408.19 KCal (Kerala) and 378.60 KCal (Tamilnadu) germplasms. Essential amino acids like methionine, cystine, threonine and valine were found to be limiting in the seed proteins of both the germplasms. The fatty acids like lauric acid and palmitic acid are found to be common in both the germplasm seed samples, while linoleic and oleic acids in Kerala germplasm and stearic acid in Tamilnadu germplasm are present. The Tamilnadu germplasm seems to be a rich source of sodium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, copper and iron; whereas the Kerala germplasm seems to be a rich source of phosphorus. Antinutritional substances like total free phenols, tannins, L-DOPA, trypsin inhibitor activity and phytohaemagglutinating activity also were investigated.
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PMID:The biochemical composition and nutritional potential of the tribal pulse, Mucuna monosperma DC. ex Wight. 154 54

The content of the main nutrients, as well as amino-acid, fatty-acid and mineral composition of a protein concentrate prepared from yeast-Saccharomyces grown in molasses were studied. It was found that the product contained a significant amount of protein, all essential amino acids, insignificant quantity of lipids in which saturated fatty acids prevailed. The concentrate ash was rich in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, silicon, iron and other elements. The protein product included into experimental rations during a month produced no significant effect on the B-system immunity and did not induce sensitization.
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PMID:[Chemical composition of a protein concentrate from Saccharomyces and its effect on immunologic response]. 162 84

The protein quality and iron bioavailability of mechanically deboned turkey meat (MDT) and hand-deboned turkey meat (HDT) were determined in rats. The protein, fat, and moisture levels in MDT were similar to those found in HDT. The MDT, however, contained more ash, calcium, and iron than the HDT. The MDT and HDT had similar amino-acid patterns; methionine and cystine were the limiting amino acids for both products. The amino-acid scores were .97 and .98 for MDT and HDT, respectively. The protein efficiency ratio and biological value as well as the values for net protein utilization and nitrogen efficiency for growth for MDT were similar to those for HDT and reference casein (P greater than .05). The hemoglobin-regeneration efficiency values were 40, 39, and 55%, respectively, for MDT, HDT, and FeSO4 (least significant difference = 12%). The MDT contained more bioavailable iron (7.6 mg of iron per kg of meat or 4.1 mg of iron per 1,000 kcal) than the HDT (4.2 mg/kg or 2.4 mg/1,000 kcal). Mechanically deboning turkey meat did not affect its protein quality, but increased the amount of bioavailable iron.
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PMID:Protein quality and iron bioavailability of mechanically and hand-deboned turkey meat fed to rats. 233 Mar 35

For studying the effects of naturally moulded diet on mature female-rabbits, Buskat rabbits were fed for 6 weeks on a naturally moulded diet comparing with the other similar group of animals which was fed also on the same ingredients in the first diet, except that, they were sound (not moulded apparently). The results which were obtained from this study due to the feeding on the moulded diet were as follows: 1. Decreasing the feed intake significantly (P less than 5%) and increasing somewhat the water consumption, but the water/feed ratio increased significantly (P less than 5%). 2. Reduction of the digestibility of most nutrients, especially of the crude fibre (P less than 1%) and crude protein (P less than or equal to 5%). 3. Changing in the relative weights of different organs particularly the significant (P less than 5%) decrease in weight of the liver and spleen as well as the significant (P less than 5%) increase in weight of empty stomach and female genital tract. 4. The most important haematological changes were the reduction in cholesterol content and the elevation of phospholipid concentration, thus the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio decreased by the rate of 40.7%. Calcium/phosphorus ratio increased by the rate of 9.5% as a result of increasing calcium content in the control serum. 5. Chemical analyses revealed a significant (P less than 1%) reduction in ash content of the liver and magnesium content of the tibia bone, a slight decrease in liver content of iron and ether extract, and significant (P less than 5%) rise in femoral muscle content of the ether extract.
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PMID:Effect of feeding rabbits on naturally moulded and mycotoxin-contaminated diet. 234 75

One hundred patients with prostate cancer and two different control series [100 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and 100 general hospital patients] were matched to each other upon hospital admittance, age (+/- 3 years) and date of admission (+/- 3 months), and directly interviewed during admission from 1981 to 1984 in Kyoto, Japan. Major dietary findings derived from a quantitative food frequency technique for estimating usual diet are as follows. (a) The smaller the dietary intake of beta-carotene and vitamin A as well, the higher the risk, with a highly significant linear trend. From the beta-carotene analyses, the relative risk (95% confidence interval) for the lowest intake quartile relative to the highest was 2.10 (0.98-4.47) for the uncorrected intake, 2.35 (1.08-5.12) for the intake per kg, and 2.94 (1.34-6.44) for the intake per kcal in the comparison with BPH patients; 2.88 (1.31-6.32), 2.56 (1.14-5.76), and 3.50 (1.52-8.06), respectively, in the comparison with hospital controls. The corresponding relative risk obtained from the vitamin A analyses was 2.82 (1.30-6.14), 2.64 (1.24-5.60), and 3.29 (1.47-7.35) in due order in the comparison with BPH patients; 2.69 (1.22-5.94), 4.78 (1.98-11.52), and 3.50 (1.52-8.06) in the comparison with hospital controls. (b) beta-Carotene as well as vitamin A contained in green/yellow vegetables were significantly protective, and those in seaweeds and kelp suggestively protective. But those in fruits appeared to enhance the risk. (c) The risk reduction by dietary beta-carotene and vitamin A was significant in the older men (70-79 years), but not in the younger men (50-69 years). (d) Total energy intake and the dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, water, fiber, ash, such vitamins as retinol, B1, B2, C, and niacin, and such minerals as calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and iron were not linked with prostate cancer risk. (e) A protective effect of dietary beta-carotene and vitamin A against prostate cancer could be related to the low overall fat intake in Japan.
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PMID:Dietary beta-carotene and cancer of the prostate: a case-control study in Kyoto, Japan. 244 78

Quantitative determinations of total and soluble proteins, total and free sugars, starch, total lipids, tanins, ash (Ca, Na, K, Fe, and P), and caloric value were carried out on quinoa flour. Results show that the amount of soluble proteins was higher than the standard value for wheat and maize and was very close to that of barley's. The yield of free sugars like glucose (4.55%), fructose (2.41%) and sucrose (2.39%) were also of importance. Iron and calcium levels were higher than the reported values for maize and barley. The same occurred for the caloric value (435.5 Kcal/100 g). The content of saponins was also examined since its effect on red blood cells of group A and O has been related as a potential problem of the Andes population. From the chemical analysis a more complete view about quinoa as human food was presented.
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PMID:Quantitative determinations of chemical compounds with nutritional value from Inca crops: Chenopodium quinoa ('quinoa'). 263 Oct 89

Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed purified diets in which the carbohydrate component was either starch or refined sugar (sucrose). The addition to these diets of the ash prepared by the incineration of unrefined muscovado sugar prevented the deficiencies of Factor R seen in the offspring when the diets were not supplemented with ash. Analysis by neutron activation showed that the ash from the unrefined sugar significantly increased the proportion of iron, cobalt, manganese, caesium and rubidium in the diets. The addition of chlorides of all five mineral elements to the diet containing refined sugar also prevented the development of signs of deficiency of Factor R in the pups. However the addition of cobalt chloride alone, or of cobalt and manganese chlorides, did not prevent the deficiency. It is likely that what we have called reproductive Factor R is iron, caesium or rubidium.
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PMID:Mineral elements in unrefined sugar, and rat reproduction. 272 31

Trace mineral status was evaluated in a 2 x 3 factorial treatment array with a total of 34 barrows growing from 25 to 55 kg live weight. Treatments included three levels of feed intake (100, 80 and 60% of ad libitum intake) and exogenous pituitary growth hormone (pGH) therapy (0 and 100 micrograms/kg BW daily). Blood was collected prior to slaughter for the determination of hematocrit and serum trace metal concentrations; tissues (liver, heart, kidney, bone and muscle) were obtained when pigs were slaughtered at 55 kg. Hematocrits and serum Fe were lower in pGH-treated pigs than in controls at all levels of feed intake. Serum Cu was increased by feed restriction but was not altered by pGH therapy. The concentration of serum Zn was not affected by either treatment. Concentrations of hepatic Fe and Cu were lower in pGH-treated pigs than in controls but were higher in feed-restricted pigs than in ad libitum-fed pigs. However, the total amounts of hepatic Fe and Cu were similar in pGH-treated pigs to concentrations in controls. The concentration of hepatic Zn was not influenced by either pGH treatment or feed intake. Femur weights were marginally greater in pGH-treated pigs, probably due to elevated water content. Iron concentration in bone was higher in pGH-treated pigs than in control pigs, whereas Ca, Cu and Zn were not influenced by pGH treatment or feed restriction. Feed intake and pGH treatment did not influence the concentrations of Fe, Cu or Zn in muscle. These findings indicate that pGH therapy affects the metabolism of Fe but has little impact on the overall composition of body ash.
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PMID:Interrelationships of exogenous porcine growth hormone administration and feed intake level affecting various tissue levels of iron, copper, zinc and bone calcium of growing pigs. 272 99


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