Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0205700 (ash)
 15,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacillus subtilis (SH-6) Egyptian strain, isolated from hides, gave the highest protease activity. Luxurious growth and protease production were obtained by the use of a medium containing 8% of potato starch, 0,1 M of ammonium phosphate as carbon and nitrogen sources. Results indicate that borate buffer exerted a deleterious effect on the protease production. Comparing citrate and phosphate buffers, it was found that citrate gave lower protease activity than phosphate. There is a positive response to higher concentrations of phosphate ions. From the above-mentioned medium protease was precipitated and purified. The dried preparation of the enzyme was tested for its chemical composition. It revealed the absence of residual carbohydrate. Tests for phosphorus, sulfur, ferric, zinc, manganese, magnesium, and calcium ions were positive. Amino acids present were: L-leucine, cysteine, Dl-alanine, L-arginine, L-tyrosine, L-aspargine, L-proline, glycine, Dl-valine, L-histidine, L-glutamic, L-lysine, L-aspartic, Dl-tryptophan, L-cystine, Dl-serine and Dl-phenylalanine. Quantitative analysis of the preparation was 0.52% of ash and 14% of nitrogen.
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PMID:Production and chemical studies of protease from Bacillus subtilis (SH-6) Egyptian strain. 9 32

A mixture of eighteen protein amino acids was heated in sea water medium enriched with transition metal ions. Small granules were obtained as precipitates. Both dialyzable polymers and undialyzable polymers were obtained from the supernatant. Dialyzable polymers yielded mainly Glu, Asp, Ser, and Thr on hydrolysis; undialyzable polymers (C, 29.45; H, 3.87; N, 4.87; and ash, 31.5 wt%) yielded Thr, Asp, Glu, Gly, Leu, Ser, Lys, Pro, His, Phe, and a few unidentified ninhydrin positive peaks after acid hydrolysis. Five wt% of the undialyzable polymers con-ist of acid-hydrolyzable protein amino acids.
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PMID:Polymers produced by heating an amino acid mixture in sea water enriched with transition elements. 48 71

45 rats Wistar, 30 days old, were divided into five groups, receiving different diets: casein, bean and wheat flour. The last two diets were supplemented or not by D-L Methionine and D-L Lysine, respectively. Diets and fluoridated water (25 ppm) were given "ad libitum" for 28 days. After this period of experience, the animals were sacrificed and the mandible and the tibias removed for analyses of fluoride, calcium, phosphorus and ash. The A.A. main conclusions are the following: The fixation of fluorides in bones is significantly increased with the supplement of the limitant factor to dificients diets. In this condition, the mandible shows smaller fixation of fluorides than tibias. The level of calcium, phosphorus and ash shows to be similar in the diferentes groups. This data suggests interaction of the protein quality and the percentual fixation of fluorides, and the necessity of further studies about this problem.
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PMID:[The influence of the quality of proteins in fluoride bone fixation]. 61 21

The natural medium contained the following ingredients (g/l): glucose 8.0, or black strap molasses (treated with 0.2--0.3 g/l EDTA) 12.0, fodder yeast (50.0% total nitrogen) 2.0, or folder yeast (40.0% total nitrogen) 6.0, or yeast extract 8.0, or tryptone 8.0, and CaCO3 1.0. Treated black strap molasses with EDTA and fodder yeast proved to be effective in the fermentative production of gentamicins. The most suitable chelating agent was EDTA in the form of disodium for the treatment of Komombo molasses in a concentration of 0.2--0.3 g/l, while potassium ferrocyanide and methylene blue had depressing effects on the production of gentamicins. The most effective carbon source, present in Egyptian black strap molasses, was glucose. Addition of glucose to the medium was preferable at the beginning of the fermentation process. Trace elements present in molasses were very essential for the microbial growth and biosynthesis of gentamicins as proved when molasses ash was added to the natural medium. Organic nitrogen sources were more suitable than inorganic nitrogen sources for the production of gentamicins by Micromonospora purpurea. The microorganism utilized the synthetic medium, but the antibiotic yields were less than those produced in the natural medium. The synthetic medium exhibited stimulatory effects of certain amino acids, organic acids, vitamins, and purine and pyrimidine bases on the fermentative production of gentamicins. Therefore, the ingredients increasing yields of gentamicins were mainly phenylalanine, iso-leucine, lysine, methionine, leucine, arginine, glycine, beta-alanine, cystine, tryptophan, malic acid, maleic acid, cobalamin, folic acid, riboflavin, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, biotin, nicotinamide, uracil, adenine, guanine, and adenosine. Trace elements (Co, Mo, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn) exhibited their important role on the biosynthesis and production of gentamicins by Micromonospora purpurea.
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PMID:Production of gentamicins by Micromonospora purpurea. 69 47

Cell walls were prepared from freeze-dried samples of 7 strains of Methanobacterium by mechanical disintegration of the cells followed by incubation with trypsin. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of sacculi exhibiting the shape of the original cells, on which no surface structure could be detected. Ultrathin sections of the isolated sacculi showed a homogenously electron dense layer of about 10--15 nm in width. The ash content varied between 8 and 18% of dry weight. The sacculi of all the strains contained Lys: Ala:Glu:GlcNAc or GalNAc in a molar ratio of about 1:1.2:2:1. In one strain (M. ruminantium M1) alanine is replaced by threonine, however, Neutral sugars and--in some strains--additional amounts of the amino sugars were present in variable amounts, and could be removed by formamide extraction or HF treatment without destroying the sacculi. No muramic acid or D-amino acids typical of peptidoglycan were found. Therefore, the sacculi of the methanobacteria consist of a different polymer containing a set of three L-amino acids and one N-acetylated amino sugar. From cells of Methanospirillum hungatii no sacculi, but tube-like sheaths could be isolated, which tend to fracture perpendicularly to the long axis of the sheath along the fibrills seen on the surface. The sheaths consist of protein containing 18 amino acids and small amounts of neutral sugars. They are resistent to the proteinases tested and are not disintegrated by boiling in 2% sodium dodecylsulfate for 30 min. The three Gram-negative strains Black Sea isolate JR-1, Cariaco isolate JR-1 and Methanobacterium mobile do not contain a rigid sacculus, but merely a SDS-sensitive surface layer composed of regularly arranged protein subunits. This evidence indicates that, within the methanogens, different cell wall polymers characteristic of particular groups of organisms may have evolved during evolution, and supports the hypothesis that the evolution of the methanogens was separated from that of the peptidoglycan-containing procaryotic organisms at a very early stage.
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PMID:Chemical composition of the peptidoglycan-free cell walls of methanogenic bacteria. 69 4

After an enzymic auto-degradation of their cytoplasma, the residue of the yeast (S. cerevisiae) contains a thick cell wall and a thin plasma membrane. These total membranes have the following composition in dry substance: proteins = 20,5%, lipids = 31,5%, carbohydrates = 42,0%, and ash = 3,7%. About 85% of carbohydrates (glycans) are easily hydrolysable by chemical method and should be digestible by the non-ruminant species. Proteins, contain 6,9% of lysine, 6,35% of threonine and have only one serious deficit, that of methionine which is 57%. These proteins seem to be resistant to the Maillard reaction. The percentage of in vitro digestible lysine increases when the membranes have undergone a heating of sufficient intensity. The methods of the treatment may give to the membranes an important apparent viscosity. These membranes could play the part of thickening and gelifiant agent in food technology. They also might constitute an interesting source of proteins because of its concentration in lysine and threonine.
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PMID:[Nutritional study of the membranes of S. cerevisiae. 1. Chemical composition and viscosity]. 80 20

In the present work 8 hens taken from each of the 16 experimental groups (90 birds per group) were killed at the end of the trial period (52 weeks). The weight of the organs was determined and bones, the utilizable parts and the residual carcass were analyzed for their crude nutrient content. The experimental birds received rations containing a large proportion of high-protein wheat supplemented with varying levels of lysine. Variations in the lysine supply did not affect the mass of blood, feathers, bones, liver, stomach, heart and ovaries, including ovarian follicles. An analysis of the utilizable parts (flesh, stomach, heart, liver, follicles, fat) for crude nutrients showed that the heavier birds receiving adequate amounts of lysine contained less crude protein and more crude fat than the smaller birds. A positive correlation was found to exist between the crude ash content of these samples (expressed as %) and the levels of lysine supplied during the laying period. All the birds receiving the lysine-deficient ration during the time of rearing or during the laying period contained significantly less crude ash in their bones. Alongside with the crude ash content the phosphorus content of the bones decreased when the birds where fed the diet for laying hens.
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PMID:The substitution of protein feed by lysine-supplemented protein-rich wheat during the raisung and laying periods in hens. 6. Report. The effect of graded lysine supplemented on the crude nutritional content of the carcas of laying hens. 99 13

1. General analysis of the seeds for protein, fats, carbohydrates, fiber and ash contents were carried out and the results were given in g/100 g dry seeds. Lupinus termis contained a higher percentage of protein (40.36), 290 mg calcium and 6.5 mg iron. 2. All the essential amino acids are present in fair amounts with the exception of sulphur-amino acids and Lysine. 3. Cooking the seeds resulted in a slight decrease of most of the amino acids with the exception of Tryptophan and Lysine, which exhibited a slight increase after cooking. 4. Of the toxic substances present in the seeds is Trypsin inhibitor, which was destroyed by heat treatment, and alkaloids, which were removed by soaking the seeds three days in running tap water. 5. Supplementing the debittered seeds with Lysine and Methionine resulted in an increase in its nutritive value.
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PMID:The use of Lupinus termis L. cultivated in Egypt, as a food protein supplement. 102 Mar 69

1. The proximate analysis of raw Syrian lentils (Lens esculentus), variety red chick pea (Cicer arietinum) variety balady, has been made. The protein content of the two raw seeds were 23 and 22 g% for lentils and chick peas, respectively. Ethereal extract, fiber, ash, calcium, phosphorus and iron content of the two raw seeds have been also assayed. 2. The levels of most of the amino acids were also estimated in the raw and cooked seeds. It was found that tryptophan- and sulphur-containing amino acids were the most limiting ones. Cooking the seeds by the same methods commonly used in Syria resulted in the loss of most of the amino acids, with the exception of lysine and tryptophan which were slightly increased. 3. Trypsin inhibitors and saponins were detected in the raw seeds. Haemagglutinins were present in raw lentils only. Cooking the seeds destroyed the trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinins and did not affect the saponins. 4. The net protein utilization of whole lentils and chick peas were 38 and 53, respectively. Decortication of lentils or cooking without decortication has no effect on the NPU values. Cooking the decorticated lentil seeds raised its NPU values from 38 to 56. Cooking chick peas resulted in a slight increase in their NPU. Supplementation of the raw and treated seeds with methionine and tryptophan raised its NPU values markedly.
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PMID:Nutritive studies on some raw and prepared leguminous seeds commonly used in the Arab Republic of Syria. 102 Mar 73

A large-scale trial was carried out under commercial conditions to investigate to which extent the feeding of rations with varying lysine content to young hens would influence the crude nutrient content of the body fractions and might change the pattern of amino acid composition and the activity of GOT in the blood. Four rations were fed each containing 14.2% crude protein, 626-633 EFh units/kg and 0.59%, 0.61%, 0.54% and 0.46% lysine. The crude protein and crude fat content of the total body and of body fractions were in no case found to be related to the feeding regime. The proportion of crude ash in the "remainder of non-utilizable parts", in "bones", "intestinal and abdominal fat", "ovaries" and "small intestine" decreased with the decreasing lysine content of the rations. The concentrations of free lysine, histidine, arginine, and phenylalanine in the deproteinized blood plasma of the young hens were significantly (a = 0.01) lower in the birds of the lysine deficient group than in the hens of the other groups. Positive regressions were calculated for the lysine content or the content of aspartic acid in the ration and the pattern of free amino acids in blood plasma. Positive and negative linear relationships were found to exist between the concentrations of free lysine, and those of histidine, arginine or threonine, and serine. A close correlation existed between the total amount of essential amino acids in blood plasma and the lysine concentrations of the plasma. Increasing lysine supplementation produced a decline in the N content of the whole blood and blood corpuscles but a rise in the N content of blood plasma. The activity of GOT in the blood of young hens was not found to be useful as an indicator of the quality of dietary proteins.
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PMID:[Substitution of protein feed through lysine-supplemented high-protein wheat during the rearing and laying period of hens. 3. Effect of graded lysine doses on the crude nutrient content of carcasses and on the level of amino acids and GOT activity in the blood of young hens]. 123 68


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