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Query: UMLS:C0205700 (ash)
 15,125 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Typical SAM of the mitral valve was detected by echocardiography in a 71-year-old patient with acute myocardial infarction. The patient showed auscultation signs of IHSS and was digitalized and hypovolemic secondary to diarrhea. Following rehydration and digitalis being discontinued, SAM was no longer seen. There were no signs of IHSS at post-mortem examination. This case demonstrates that obstruction of left ventricular outflow tract together with echocardiographical findings of SAM and the typical clinical signs of IHSSS may be observed without the presence of asymmetric septal hypertrophy. This supports the hypothesis that ejection dynamics in a small and asynergically contracting left ventricle may contribute substantially to the appearance of SAM. On the other hand echocardiographic findings of SAM without asymmetric septal hypertrophy may not exclude symptoms of IHSS.
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PMID:[Transient systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve (SAM) without asymmetric septal hypertrophy (case report with post-mortem examination) (author's transl)]. 15 83

66 mothers with children aged between 12-24 months were interviewed with a questionnaire in the industrial city of Lubhiana. The average age of the mothers ranged from 18-45 years. 66% were between 21-30; 39% had only 1 living child. 41% of the children were well nourished; were third degree malnourished. 91% were breast fed from birth. 30% mothers gave milk top feeds from birth; the additional milk was fresh buffalo (84%). The milk was boiled in 100% of cases and the water diluting the feeds was boiled in 46% cases. The water was added before the milk was boiled. 5% of mothers washed the bottle with water alone; 30% washed with an abrasive such as sand or ash. 49% never boiled the feeding bottle; 33% boiled the bottle once a day, and 18% boiled it before each feed. 23% claimed no incident or vomiting or diarrhoea, 26% admitted 1-2 incidents of vomiting or diarrhoea; 21% less than monthly bouts; 12% more than monthly bouts; and 18% admitted to weekly or more incidents of diarrhoea and vomiting. Deaths in rural India in the under age 5 group are attributed to malnutrition in 5% of cases.
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PMID:Maternal practices of baby feeding and hygiene in the city of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 75 Apr 78

The last 30 years have shown marked improvements in formula feeding of infants. A decrease in breast-feeding popularity and improved sanitary formula methods are responsible for increased use of formulas. Because an infant's growth rate is highest from birth to 1 year, nutritional adequacy of the diet is of vital importance. Necessary for evaluating an infant's formula are the following: 1) the formula should have essential nutrients but not in excess; 2) it should be readily digestible; and 3) there should be a reasonable distribution of calories derived from protein, fat and carbohydrates; digestibility of the fat source is important. Iron deficiency anemia, the most prevalent deficiency in infants, is remedied by the use of iron-fortified commercial formulas. The most effective nutritionally balanced milk is human milk. 2 reasons for other choices are infantile abnormal conditions which require therapeutic formulas or the mother's choice not to breast-feed. A comparison of cow's and human milk shows that the former has 3 times as much ash and protein (which alters digestibility) than normally found in the latter. Differences in casein or curd content triglycerides and percentage of carbohydrates are sufficient to render human milk more easily digestible and nutritionally complete than cow's milk. Standard formulas, on the other hand, nutritionally approximate cow's and human's milk by chemically altering casein proteins, replacing butterfat with vegetable oils and creating highly concentrated electrolyte replacements for electrolyte loss during diarrhea and vomiting. A wide variety of therapeutic formulas are employed for milk allergy, fat restrictions, congenital heart disease, low birth weight infants and phenylektonuria. Preparation of infant formulas include ready-to-feed, concentrated liquid and concentrated powder. Proper dilution in the latter 2 is stressed as is the absolute need for sterilization of all equipment used in formula preparation. The appropriate choice would be a formula that is well tolerated by the infant, conveniently stored and prepared, and within the family budget.
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PMID:Infant formulas. 109 87

Marsupial milk has been found to be high in fats, protein and ash compared to eutherian milk. The generally low lactose content of marsupial milk and the corresponding low intestinal lactase activity of pouch young marsupials, when considered with the incidence of diarrhoea and the occasional formation of cataracts in orphan kangaroos fed on cow's milk (which has a high lactose content), suggests that a lactose-free milk be fed to orphan marsupials. Of the lactose-free milk substitutes for children now available, it is recommended that Pregestimil, Glucose Nutramigen and particularly CFI be used for very young orphan marsupial herbivores (especially kangaroos), as these are both lactose- and sucrose-free. Isomil, Prosobee and Triglyde, containing sucrose, may be suitable for older kangaroos which are also ingesting solids and brush-tailed possums of all ages. The appropriate natural diet of the orphan marsupial should be available at the time when initial solid food ingestion would occur in the natural state. It is suggested that milk substitute continue to be given until the orphan animal reaches the age where, in the natural state, it would be full independent.
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PMID:Nutrition of orphan marsupials. 120 Sep 26

We examined gallbladder motility function after intramuscular injection of caerulein (0.2 micrograms/kg) to the cases of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) by using ultrasonography. We measured gallbladder area pre and after caerulein injection (0' 5' 10' 15' 20' 25' 30' 40' 50' 60') and calculated contraction rate of gallbladder in each time. We applied one way analysis of variance among the four groups [diarrhea group (N = 9), alternative group (N = 8), constipation group (N = 8), control group (N = 15)]. Gallbladder contraction rate was low in diarrhea group and high in constipation group (p less than 0.05). And then we classified gallbladder contraction pattern to three groups (hyperkinetic, intermediate, hypokinetic). These three groups correlated bowel habits and biliary knocked pain. Therefore, constipation group showed hyperkinetic tendency and diarrhea group showed hypokinetic tendency (chi 2 analysis: p = 0.004 CMH analysis: p = 0.001). And biliary knocked pain significantly appeared in constipation group and hyperkinetic type of gallbladder (chi 2 analysis: p = 0.026, CMH analysis: p = 0.019). Consequently, it was suggested that bowel habits concerned with abnormality of gallbladder motility function in IBS.
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PMID:[A study of the dynamics of gallbladder contraction in irritable bowel syndrome]. 159 76

Insufficient performance and health problems of reared piglets in individual boxes gave rise to sent 2 samples of the diet to the institute. Due to a demixing process on the transport (winding) the composition of the diet changed markedly. The crude ash content increased (62.7 g----96.2 g/kg feed), on the other hand the protein content decreased significantly (181----126 g/kg feed). Obviously the variable mineral content in the diet impaired the palatability and consequently the performance of reared piglets due to increased disposition for diarrhea.
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PMID:[Animal nutrition for the veterinarian--recent cases. Unsatisfactory development of piglets after disintegration of a piglet breeding feed]. 187 51

To study the pathophysiology of bone disorder after gastrectomy, 320 patients and 40 Wistar male rats were used. Clinically, patients who had received gastrectomy 1-15 years previously, were examined for skeletal symptoms, serum biochemistry, microdensitometry of second metacarpal bone, and 20 of them were then studied in a calcium infusion test. Using microdensitometry, abnormality of bone metabolism was observed in 38% of the patients. In severe cases, a significant decrease of serum Ca. and increase of alkaline phosphatase were observed (p less than 0.05), 65% complained of joint pain. In the calcium infusion test, severe cases showed a low urinary excretion of Ca, like osteomalacia, and unlike osteoporosis. Experimentally, body weight & amount of food intake decreased and fatty diarrhea was observed in rats after total gastrectomy. Skeletal changes including thinning of the cortex, loss of medullary trabeculation & decrease of bone ash and biochemical changes such as low serum Ca. 25(OH)D3, 24, 25(OH)2D3 and high iPTH levels were observed. Also the bone formation rate was lower than control as detected by tetracycline double labelling method. As low food intake & fatty diarrhea after gastrectomy which result in Ca. & vit. D insufficiency may be the major etiology of bone disorder.
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PMID:[Bone disorder after gastrectomy--clinical & experimental studies]. 226 41

Good evaluation variables are needed to study postweaning lag in early weaned pigs. In this study, performance, digestibility, concentration of blood components and aerobic fecal microflora under different dietary regimens from weaning at 3 wk of age to 35 d of age are reported. Treatment 1 (T1) consisted of a corn-soybean meal starter diet. Pigs in treatment 2 (T2) received a steamed, rolled oat groats-casein starter diet. Pigs in treatment 1 and 2 were weaned at 3 wk of age while those in treatment 3 remained with the sow. Treatment 1 pigs had lower average daily gains for the 2-wk trial as compared with T2 pigs (P less than .05). Three of the four animals consuming the corn-soybean meal diet were observed to have diarrhea during the experiment as compared with an occasional loose stool from the pigs fed oats-casein. There were no significant differences in digestibility of dry matter, crude protein or ether extract among pigs in T1 and T2. Digestibilities of ash and crude fiber were higher (P less than .05) in T1 pigs, while there was an increase (P less than .05) in digestibility of N-free extract by pigs in T2. Serum protein, Na, CO2 and blood hematocrit were not significantly different among treatments. Blood chloride was higher, whereas glucose was lower for pigs in T1 and T2 than T3 (P less than .05). Blood urea N was higher for pigs in T1 as compared with pigs in T2 or T3. Potassium was higher (P less than .05) for pigs in T1 as compared with those in T2 or T3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The effect of diet on performance, digestibility, blood composition and intestinal microflora of weaned pigs. 674 37

Young Holstein male calves fitted with reentrant duodenal fistulae were in two 3 x 3 Latin square experiments. In the first experiment the calves were fed milk replacers containing either 5%, 15%, or 25% lard. Total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, and fat left the abomasum more slowly for the 5% fat milk replacer than for the other two milk replacers. In the second experiment, the calves were fed milk replacers containing either whey proteins, whey, and fish proteins (50:50), or whey and soybean proteins (50:50). Dry matter, total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, and nonprotein nitrogen left the abomasum more slowly for the milk replacer containing whey and soybean proteins than for the other two milk replacers. In both experiments, milk replacers did not differ in rates of passage of fresh matter, reducing substances, ash, gastric secretion of hydrochloric acid, gastric proteolysis, and diarrhea. In Experiment 1, milk replacers did not differ in rates of passage of dry matter and nonprotein nitrogen. In Experiment 2, milk replacers did not differ in rate of passage of fat. Circadian rhythm had no influence.
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PMID:Abomasum emptying in dairy calves fed milk replacers with varying fat and sources of protein. 737 6

Two trials were conducted to determine the effect of lactose on performance, bone integrity and certain blood constituents in postweaning rats and swine. The effect of lactose on calcium and phosphorus and percentage ash content of the small intestine was also determined. In both trials, average daily gains were not influenced by the feeding of diets containing 30% lactose. Feed conversion was depressed in both rats and pigs when 30% lactose was fed. Transitory diarrhea was observed in rats fed 30% lactose, but not in swine. In the rat trial, no significant differences due to treatment were observed for serum Ca of P, but a linear increase (P < .01) in alkaline phosphatase was observed as lactose increased in the diet. Analysis of blood constituents from multiple bleedings during the pig trial showed that in the first 2 weeks, alkaline phosphatase was increased (P < .01) in pigs fed lactose and slightly decreased in those not fed lactose. Lactose affected the change in serum Ca for 0 to 10 weeks (P < .05) as indicated by a marked reduction in serum Ca of pigs not fed lactose and a slight increase for those fed lactoss. Serum calcium decreased in the absence of lactose but increased in the presence of lactose (P < .05) in pigs fed .4% Ca diets. In both trials, breaking strength parameters (peak force and stress) were not affected by dietary lactose. Bones from pigs fed no lactose had a higher stress to strain ratio (P < .05) than those from pigs fed lactose. In the rat trial, stress to strain ratio was variable across all treatments. Percentage of bone ash increased (P < .01) as lactose increased in the diet. Dietary treatments did not affect the mineral content of specific gut segments.
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PMID:Effect of dietary lactose on gain, feed conversion, blood, bone and intestinal parameters in postweaning rats and swine. 741 Feb 80


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