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Query: UMLS:C0184567 (acute pain)
 3,962 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred twelve females below the age of twenty years underwent laparoscopy at the Medical University of South Carolina over a ten-year period. Pelvic pain followed by primary amenorrhea was the major indication for the procedure. Eighty-nine percent of those with acute pain had identifiable pelvic pathology, whereas 27% of girls presenting with chronic pain had a normal laparoscopic examination. Pelvic inflammatory disease was the most common diagnosis. Ovarian cysts, pregnancy complications, and endometriosis were also found. Endometriosis was not found among black teenage clinic patients. The procedure appears to be a safe and useful diagnostic tool in this age group.
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PMID:Laparoscopy in children and adolescents. 623 18

On the basis of data obtained from subprimates subjected to acute pain stimuli, it has been hypothesized that the suppression of chronic pain in man during stimulation in the periventricular region involves endogenous opioid mechanisms. However, there is at present no direct and unequivocal proof that the pain relief in man is necessarily and entirely dependent upon such mechanisms. There exist several putative substances with opiate-like properties but they are difficult to identify. The assay methods lack specificity and cross-reactions are common. There are only a few studies published on the influence of intracerebral stimulation in man on the CSF-content of opioid substances; the changes observed are inconsistent, and data are only given on patients having satisfactory pain relief. Furthermore, measurements have been made only during the course of a few hours and nothing is reported on the relationship between the changing concentrations of the substance and the level of pain. The observation that Naloxone may reverse the effect of intracerebral stimulation has become the keystone in postulating common mechanisms for stimulation-produced pain relief and morphine analgesia. The fact, that Naloxone is sometime ineffective or has to be used in huge, and unphysiological, doses is generally disregarded. There are a number of substances which may serve as neurotransmittors in pain transmission and pain inhibition but their mode of action in the generation and suppression of chronic pain is entirely unknown. Data collected from various European clinics covering more than 200 patients subjected to intracerebral stimulation show that the outcome of this treatment is highly unpredictable. Intracerebral stimulation as a clinically useful treatment of chronic pain can not be further developed unless hard data on its biochemical background in man are provided.
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PMID:Biochemistry of pain relief with intracerebral stimulation. Few facts and many hypotheses. 625 3

This report assessed outcomes of hypnotherapeutic interventions for 505 children and adolescents seen by four pediatricians over a period of one year and followed from four months to two years. Presenting problems included enuresis, acute pain, chronic pain, asthma, habit disorders, obesity, encopresis, and anxiety. Using strict criteria for determination of problem resolution (e.g., all beds dry) and recognizing that some conditions were intrinsically chronic, the authors found that 51% of these children and adolescents achieved complete resolution of the presenting problem; an additional 32% achieved significant improvement, 9% showed initial or some improvement; and 7% demonstrated no apparent change or improvement. Children as young as three years of age effectively applied self-hypnosis techniques. In general, facility in self-hypnosis increased with age. There was an inverse correlation (p less than 0.001) between clinical success and number of visits, suggesting that prediction of responsivity is possible after four visits or less.
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PMID:The use of relaxation-mental imagery (self-hypnosis) in the management of 505 pediatric behavioral encounters. 636 78

An adolescent girl with chronic myelogenous leukemia was treated with hypnosis for several disease- and treatment-related problems during the last 4 months of her life. Data were collected before and after hypnosis on the nature and intensity of the patient's acute pain and anxiety during bone marrow aspirations, chronic headache and backache, nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy, anorexia, and the discomfort associated with spiking temperatures. Comparisons of baseline and posthypnosis reports suggest that hypnosis was successfully used for acute and chronic pain, anxiety, unpleasant body sensations and, possibly, nausea and vomiting. The hypnotic techniques used, the limitations of hypnosis and clinical issues in this case are presented and discussed.
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PMID:Use of hypnosis for multiple symptoms in an adolescent girl with leukemia. 645 20

This article is based on an experiment that examined features distinguishing chronic from acute pain syndromes, and their influence on nurses' estimates of patient suffering, pain relief actions, and attitudes toward patients. Two hundred sixty-eight nurses received one-paragraph descriptions of patients complaining of severe pain. Descriptions varied on the dimensions of duration (acute vs. chronic), signs of physical pathology (positive vs. negative), signs of depression (positive vs. negative), and diagnostic category (low back vs. headache vs. joint pain). Subjects estimated the intensity of the hypothetical patient's suffering, indicated priorities for specific pain relief actions, and rated the patient on a series of trait dimensions. Subjects attributed less intense pain when the patient had no signs of pathology and when duration was long-termed and chronic. They also assigned lower priorities to medication-related nursing actions when signs of pathology were negative. Finally, more negative personality and behavioral traits were attributed to the patient when signs of pathology were negative. The results reflect a dichotomous, organic versus psychogenic model of pain on the part of health care staff. Since the data indicate the chronic pain sufferer is negatively stereotyped by staff, a need exists to develop and disseminate more integrative models of the pain experience.
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PMID:Duration of pain condition and physical pathology as determinants of nurses' assessments of patients in pain. 656 Apr 18

The pain relieving effect of vibratory stimulation was studied in 731 patients suffering from acute pain (135 patients) or chronic pain (596 patients). Most of the patients had previously undergone treatments of various kinds without sufficient pain relief. The effect of vibratory stimulation was assessed before, during and after stimulation using different rating scales. About 70% of the patients reported reduction of pain during vibratory stimulation. In many patients there was a clear relation between the degree of reduction of pain and the intensity of pain before the beginning of stimulation. In general, relief of pain by more than 50% during stimulation was obtained in the patients who reported light, light to moderate, or moderate pain. The patients with moderate to severe, or severe pain before stimulation generally reported a reduction of pain of 50% or less. The best pain reducing site was found to be either the area of pain or close to it, the antagonistic muscle or a trigger point near the painful area. In most patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain the best pain reducing effect was obtained when the vibratory stimulation was applied with moderate pressure (at which contact was achieved with underlying bone) at a frequency of 50-150 Hz. To obtain a maximal duration of pain relief the stimulation had to be applied for 30-45 minutes. Many of the patients experienced pain relief lasting for more than 3 hours. It may be noticed that in many patients the pain relief lasted for 12 hours or more. There was a good correlation between the degree of pain relief and its duration. In the patients who experienced a pain reduction of 50% or less the pain relief generally lasted for less than 6 hours while in the patients who experienced pain relief of more than 50% it lasted for more than 6 hours. In comparison with high or low frequency TENS, vibratory stimulation was found to be as effective and in some patients even more effective in reducing chronic musculoskeletal or orofacial pain. The effect of 20 Hz, 100 Hz and 200 Hz vibratory stimulation, high frequency TENS, low frequency TENS and "placebo" vibratory stimulation was examined in various chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes. 82% of the patients experienced a relief of pain with any of the above mentioned methods; 47% of the patients experienced a reduction of pain with vibratory stimulation or TENS stimulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Vibratory stimulation for the alleviation of chronic pain. 660 24

Contralateral local anaesthesia was employed in patients with chronic (n = 42) and acute (n = 8) pain syndromes (see Table 1). I. Phantom limb and stump pain: n = 10; II. Pain of face and ear: n = 10; III. Pain of neck and trunk: n = 14; IV. Pain of the hip joint: n = 6; V. Pain of the extremities: n = 10: Sa. = 50 patients. Among these were n acute pain syndromes: I.: n = 0; II.: n = 1; III.: n = 1; IV.: n = 1; V.: n = 5 (Sa.: n = 8). 42 patients with chronic pain syndromes were treated with contralateral local anaesthesia (CLA). In 27 patients CLA displayed a clear effect upon the chronic pain; in 8 patients pain release was more than 50%, in 15 patients pain release was less than 50%. 3 patients relapsed into their former condition of pain. CLA was without any positive influence in 12 cases. The medium frequency of treatments was between 5 and 6 in both groups. The average time of treatment amounted to 6 and 7 months respectively. In 8 patients with acute pain syndromes contralateral local anaesthesia produced the following results: 6 patients were permanently released from their pain; in 2 patients CLA remained without any success. The average frequency of treatment was 1.25; the average time of observation was 2.3 months. Hence we suggest that CLA should be employed as early as possible in acute or chronic posttraumatic or postoperative pain syndromes. The influence of contralateral pain therapy on acute and chronic pain conditions of the opposite side can be affirmed; its mechanism remains to be clarified. Obviously it is possible to exert an inhibitory influence from the contralateral side upon peripheral, spinal, reticular and thalamic regions, which can lead to the extinction of acute and chronic pain conditions on the opposite side. According to our experiences it is necessary that the cerebro-spinal nerve system - apart from the traumatic lesion - is intact and that the pain syndrome is not maintained by a psychic disturbance.
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PMID:[Contralateral local anesthesia in stump, phantom and post-traumatic pain]. 672 57

Pain researchers and clinicians alike are often troubled by a lack of correspondence between non-verbal behavior and patients' self-reports of level of pain. This paper discusses some of the variables which can effect the relationship between these measures. In addition, the paper reports on the reliability of nurses' observations of pain behavior and of their inferences about the intensity of a patient's pain. In general, though these observations and inferences have adequate reliability, the correspondence between such inferences and patients' reports of pain intensity are modest, though significant. Discrepancies between observers' and patients' ratings of pain are greater in a chronic pain sample (N = 37) than in an acute pain sample (N = 34). Theoretical implications of these results are discussed.
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PMID:Relationships between nurses' observations and patients' self-reports of pain. 688 55

The McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) is widely used in pain research and treatment. The internal structure of the questionnaire has been subjected to empirical investigation, with sensory and reactive factors documented. In the present study, questionnaire responses of 95 women experiencing acute (post episiotomy) pain are analyzed. Episiotomy pain patients utilized sensory subgroups more frequently than comparison groups of women experiencing dysmenorrhea (n = 166) or chronic pelvic pain without obvious pathology (N = 31). Chronic pain patients used affective and reaction subgroups with greater frequency. The episiotomy/MPQ scores were subjected to factor analysis and 6 factors were derived, reflecting specific sensory qualities and combined emotional/sensory dimensions. The factor structure to emerge was less distinctive than previously reported on chronic pain patients. It is suggested that acute pain involves less differentiation of sensory, affective and evaluative language dimensions. Rating scales were also administered. Ratings of labor and episiotomy pain were uncorrelated indicating the importance of distinguishing between these in studying pain in the puerperium.
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PMID:A comparison of the McGill Pain Questionnaire in chronic and acute pain. 688 22

Investigations of the evoked potentials (EPs) to noxious laser stimulation have indicated consistent strong linear relationships between subjective response (R), stimulus intensity (S), and EP amplitude (A). Thirty patients with chronic intractable benign pain syndromes (CIBPS) were tested to determine whether their patterns differed from previous studies with normal volunteers. Nearly half of the CIBPS patients were found to be relatively insensitive to acute pain stimuli. A large number were also found to show negative relationships between S and A. These differences from control subjects were considered of potential importance in their implications concerning the nature of chronic pain and its differences from the acute pain process.
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PMID:Somatosensory evoked potentials and noxious stimulation in patients with intractable, noncancer pain syndromes. 693 68


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