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Query: UMLS:C0184567 (acute pain)
 3,962 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Despite the precautions taken during sclerosis of the arch of the external saphenous, the authors describe four patients who presented a clinical picture of acute pain, developing about two hours after the injection, accompanied by induration of the internal gemellus and contracture of this muscle, leading to functional disability; recovery from this was not really complete until the end of six months. They explain this picture not by the injection of an artery frequently present at the level of the popliteal junction, but injection of a gemellar ven, giving rise to a compartment syndrome; this hypothesis has not received any confirmation by arteriography or phlebography.
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PMID:[Sclerosis of the external saphenous vein and compartment syndrome]. 745 14

An acute compartment syndrome of the calf due to popliteal vein compression is described in a 71-year-old man who had undergone popliteal aneurysm bypass and ligation 10 years previously. Acute pain and extensive edema of the right leg and a pulsatile mass in the right popliteal fossa prompted arteriography that revealed collateral filling of the aneurysm. Aneurysm decompression by using a posterior approach was completed, including genicular artery ligation, and fasciotomy was performed. Irreversible ischemia of the foot necessitated tibial amputation on the third day after surgery. The literature on complications of excluded popliteal aneurysms after bypass and ligation, clinical presentations, and surgical management is reviewed.
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PMID:Acute compartment syndrome: an unusual complication of a previously bypassed popliteal aneurysm--case report and literature review. 1667 3

Acute compartment syndrome following fracture of the distal radius occurs in less than 1% of cases, but if the diagnosis is delayed, the potential consequences may be devastating. The majority of the cases involve high-energy injuries in young patients, and increasing pain "out of proportion to the injury sustained" is a constant finding and constitutes the hallmark of the diagnosis. This case report describes a rare presentation of an acute compartment syndrome in the forearm and wrist after fracture of the distal radius that developed in the absence of acute pain symptoms, in an older individual, and in the context of a low-energy injury. This report of an unusual case highlights the existence of atypical presentations, discusses the potential role of the pronator quadratus space, and further emphasizes the need for vigilance even in "low-risk" cases of distal radius fracture.
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PMID:Pronator quadratus space and compartment syndrome after low-energy fracture of the distal radius: a case report. 1854 42

Acute compartment syndrome can cause significant disability if not treated early, but the diagnosis is challenging. This systematic review examines whether modern acute pain management techniques contribute to delayed diagnosis. A total of 28 case reports and case series were identified which referred to the influence of analgesic technique on the diagnosis of compartment syndrome, of which 23 discussed epidural analgesia. In 32 of 35 patients, classic signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome were present in the presence of epidural analgesia, including 18 patients with documented breakthrough pain. There were no randomized controlled trials or outcome-based comparative trials available to include in the review. Pain is often described as the cardinal symptom of compartment syndrome, but many authors consider it unreliable. Physical examination is also unreliable for diagnosis. There is no convincing evidence that patient-controlled analgesia opioids or regional analgesia delay the diagnosis of compartment syndrome provided patients are adequately monitored. Regardless of the type of analgesia used, a high index of clinical suspicion, ongoing assessment of patients, and compartment pressure measurement are essential for early diagnosis.
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PMID:Acute compartment syndrome of the lower limb and the effect of postoperative analgesia on diagnosis. 1902 95

Compartment syndrome is known to develop after a prolonged surgery in the lithotomy position. We experienced acute renal failure following compartment syndrome after the surgery in hemilithotomy position. A 62-year-old man underwent a left hip fixation for femoral neck fracture. The surgical leg was placed into traction in a foot piece and the intact leg was placed in the hemilithotomy position. Because of the difficulty in repositioning and the trouble with fluoroscope, the surgery took over 5 hours. He suffered acute pain, swelling and spasm in his intact leg placed into hemilithotomy after the surgery. Creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine markedly increased and myoglobinuria was recognized. We diagnosed an acute renal failure following compartment syndrome and treated him in the ICU on close monitoring. In spite of the treatment with massive transfusion and diuretics, he needed hemodialysis twice and then his renal function improved. Prevention is most essential for compartment syndrome after a prolonged surgery in the lithotomy position. Risk factors should be recognized before surgery and appropriate action should be taken such as using Allen stirrups and avoiding hypotension, hypovolemia and the prolonged lithotomy position with exaggerated elevation of legs.
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PMID:[A case of acute renal failure following compartment syndrome after the surgery for femoral neck fracture]. 2347 27

While still a rare entity, acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome has an increasing incidence. Similar to other compartment syndromes, acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome is defined by raised pressure within a closed fibro-osseous space, limiting tissue perfusion within that space. The resultant tissue ischaemia presents as acute pain, and if left untreated, it may result in permanent tissue damage. A literature search of 'paraspinal compartment syndrome' revealed 21 articles. The details from a case encountered by the authors are also included. A common data set was extracted, focusing on demographics, aetiology, clinical features, management and outcomes. There are 23 reported cases of acute compartment syndrome. These are typically caused by weight-lifting exercises, but may also result from other exercises, direct trauma or non-spinal surgery. Pain, tenderness and paraspinal paraesthesia are key clinical findings. Serum creatine kinase, magnetic resonance imaging and intracompartment pressure measurement confirm the diagnosis. Half of the reported cases have been managed with surgical fasciotomy, and these patients have all had good outcomes relative to those managed with conservative measures with or without hyperbaric oxygen therapy. These good outcomes were despite significant delays to operative intervention. The diagnostic uncertainty and subsequent delay to fasciotomy result from the rarity of this disease entity, and a high level of suspicion is recommended in the appropriate setting. This is particularly true in light of the current popularity of extreme weight lifting in non-professional athletes. Operative intervention is strongly recommended in all cases based on the available evidence.
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PMID:Acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome: a systematic review. 2931 89

Haemoglobin SC (HbSC) disease accounts for 30% of cases of sickle cell disease in the United Kingdom and the United States. Unlike other sickle cell carriers, who are relatively asymptomatic, people with HbSC disease have a combination of genotypes with the potential to cause considerable morbidity due to intracellular water loss. Patients can present with acute pain, acute chest syndrome, proliferative retinopathy, splenic and renal complications, or stroke. We present a young man with HbSC disease who developed acute compartment syndrome. This is only the second report of this syndrome in a patient with HbSC disease. This is a very rare complication in HbSC disease, but it can have serious implications.
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PMID:Acute compartment syndrome in a patient with sickle cell disease. 3277 27