Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0184567 (acute pain)
 3,962 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Previous studies have shown that intravenous acyclovir does modify rash development, reduce viral shedding and alleviate acute pain in herpes zoster. To assess the clinical efficacy of an oral dosage regimen with 800 mg acyclovir five times daily, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies were carried out at three centres within the U.K., using a common protocol. According to inclusion criteria (immune competent patients over 60 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of herpes zoster with rash of no more than 72 h duration, no previous systemic antiviral treatment, no history of renal insufficiency) 205 patients were recruited after they had given their informed consent. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either two 400 mg tablets acyclovir (41 men, 59 women) or matching placebo (46 men, 59 women) five times daily for seven days. Treatment was predominantly domiciliary based. According to clinical assessment and pain score acyclovir recipients showed a significant benefit in terms of reduction in rash progression if treatment was started within 48 h of the onset of rash, and alleviation of pain during the acute phase of herpes zoster. Overall, the number of patients developing extradermal lesions was significantly lower in the acyclovir group than in the placebo group (p = 0.02). However, there were no significant differences in rash progression and pain response in patients with herpes zoster affecting the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve in patients who received acyclovir (n = 21) compared to those who received placebo (n = 32). 12 acyclovir and 13 placebo recipients reported symptoms, predominantly gastrointestinal in nature, possibly or probably related to therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Infection 1987
PMID:Oral acyclovir for acute herpes zoster infections in immune-competent adults. 329 71

The main objective was to develop a scoring system for easy use by the physician in daily clinical practice in deciding the appropriate treatment for his herpes zoster patient. Data from 635 patients who did not receive antiviral therapy were included in this analysis. Of these, 131 developed postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Of the 29 variables tested univariately in this study, 15 showed a significant correlation with the incidence of PHN, but only six proved to contribute to the overall predictive power in the multivariate approach. Using two independent approaches, the model showed a very satisfactory performance in the validation sample. Patients without acute pain rarely developed PHN. In those with acute pain, being female, being over 50 years of age, having more than 50 lesions, having lesions of a hemorrhagic nature, having cranial or sacral localisation of the rash or having pain in the prodromal phase proved to be significant, multivariate factors. An easy-to-use scoring system used in a risk graph is proposed. These data should be useful in the individual treatment decision as well as in the design and analysis of therapeutic trials in herpes zoster.
Infection
PMID:A prognostic score for postherpetic neuralgia in ambulatory patients. 986 60

Some 250 million cases of sexually transmitted disease (STD) occur each year, and in some countries 1 or even 2 women in every 10 are infected with an STD. STDs are likely to reach an advanced stage before women notice them. The consequences of STDs are devastating, according to a report by the Population Information Program of the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, and they include stillbirths, blinding eye infections in the newborn, chronic female abdominal pain, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. There are social consequences for women such as divorce, and husbands may abandon infertile wives. Gonorrhea and chlamydia can cause both severe inflammation of the pelvis with acute pain and possible infertility. Pelvic inflammatory disease can permanently scar the fallopian tubes, increasing the risk of ectopic pregnancy, which can be fatal when the fallopian tube ruptures. Babies born to mothers with gonorrhea and chlamydia are likely to develop eye infections that may make them blind. Chlamydia infection in pregnant women may also cause premature rupture of the membranes, sepsis, and the death of premature neonate. Infection may spread to the lungs of newborns, leading to chlamydial pneumonia. Syphilis can cause spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, or congenital syphilis in the infant. Trichomoniasis and herpes can also be transmitted from mother to fetus. And infection with an STD increases the risk of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that prenatal care should always include checks for STDs. A WHO Technical Working Group on Care of Mother and Baby has stressed the importance of detecting and treating STDs in pregnant women. The working group urged training of health workers to distinguish between STDs and other infections. The group, which met July 5-9, 1993, outlined health center strategies for prevention and treatment.
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PMID:STDs infect 250 million a year. 1234

Seal finger is an infectious disease unknown to most physicians. It occurs after contact with seals, and the symptoms include acute pain, swelling, and, in some cases, there is joint involvement. The etiologic agent of Seal finger is now believed to be Mycoplasma, and treatment with high dose tetracycline has been successful for over 50 years. Seals are after years of protection once again hunted in Sweden, and the first case of Seal finger has already occurred.
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PMID:[Seal finger--a problem among hunters once again]. 1519 Jul 56

Opioids are acknowledged to suppress immune functions following both acute and chronic administration; however, there appear to be differences according to the schedule of administration as well as the state of the organism. For example, whereas a single dose of morphine in the absence of pain is well known to be immune suppressive, the biologic consequences of this suppression are largely unknown. Repeated and chronic opioid ingestion in the absence of pain appears to result in significant consequences including high infectious disease prevalence. On the other hand, in the presence of acute pain, there is evidence that opioid administration in analgesic doses is protective. Much less is known regarding the immune and disease implications related to chronic opioid treatment for chronic pain states.
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PMID:Immunologic effects of opioids in the presence or absence of pain. 1590 44

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the nursing diagnoses for patients in the immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We elaborated and validated an instrument for data collection and registration. Fifteen 15 adult patients were evaluated in the immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, four men and 11 women, with average age of 45 years. Identified nursing diagnoses were: Impaired Skin Integrity (100%), Risk for Infection (100%), Sensory/Perceptual Alterations (100%), Risk for aspiration (100%), Risk for Ineffective Breathing Pattern (80%), Hypothermia (60%), Risk for Altered Body Temperature (40%), Altered nutrition: more than body requirements (33,3%) and Acute pain (26,7%). All patients were admitted in ambulatory regimen and were discharged from Post anesthesia Care Unit, still presenting the nursing diagnoses of Impaired Skin Integrity and Risk for infection.
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PMID:[Nursing diagnoses of patients in immediate postoperative period of laparoscopic cholecystectomy]. 1692 96

Acute mechanical symptoms due to excess retained cement in the posterior compartment of the knee joint following unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) are uncommon. Infection, aseptic loosening, polyethylene wear and progressive arthritis are well-documented complications of UKA procedure. We present a patient with acute pain and 'clicking' sensation in the knee joint due to cement extrusion in the posteromedial compartment after UKA. Full functional recovery was achieved after arthroscopic removal of the cement debris. Of retrospectively screened 43 UKA cases, asymptomatic cement extrusion was detected in 8 patients in the posteromedial compartment on direct X-rays. Careful inspection of components is essential to minimize the risk of cement extrusion into the posterior compartment and perioperative fluoroscopy may be helpful during UKA procedure.
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PMID:Excess retained cement in the posteromedial compartment after unicondylar knee arthroplasty. 2399 19

Infections are a common cause of hospitalization for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), and hospital admissions are rising in the context of the worsening US opioid crisis. Infectious disease (ID) physicians are frequently the first point of medical contact for these patients. In this article, we discuss the integration of evidence-based management of OUD and patient-centered care of hospitalized persons with acute injection-related infections. We describe the following components of a comprehensive approach for OUD with inpatient ID consultations: (1) how to screen for OUD; (2) how to initiate the 3 US Food and Drug Administration-approved medications for OUD (buprenorphine, methadone, and extended-release naltrexone); (3) how to manage acute pain and opioid-related conditions; and (4) how to link and integrate ID and OUD treatment after hospital discharge. These strategies reduce unplanned discharges and increase completion of recommended antimicrobial regimens.
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PMID:Beyond Antibiotics: A Practical Guide for the Infectious Disease Physician to Treat Opioid Use Disorder in the Setting of Associated Infectious Diseases. 3199 54