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Query: UMLS:C0178874 (tumor progression)
 40,807 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty patients with metastatic renal cell cancer were treated by renal infarction, followed by delayed nephrectomy. All cases were collected over an eighteen-month period, with a minimum follow-up of one year. There were no complete remissions and only one partial remission, which lasted twenty-one months before progression of disease. Three patients had stable disease for at least six months, but eventually all patients showed evidence of progression. After tumor progression was documented patients were treated with intramuscular medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) 800 mg per week. No patient responded to this therapy. Overall, a 28 per cent one-year survival and a seven-month median survival were realized, which is similar to other series in which no therapy or palliative nephrectomy was performed. We conclude that infarction and nephrectomy is not an effective modality in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In addition, medroxyprogesterone was not shown to be significantly active against renal cancer in this study.
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PMID:Infarction-nephrectomy for metastatic renal carcinoma. Southwest oncology group study. 315 42

The most challenging aspect of cancer treatment remains the management of invasive and metastatic tumor growth. Recent progress in the development and use of biologic response modifiers for immunomodulation has raised the possibility that the immune system can be used as an additional antitumor treatment modality in conjunction with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy for the treatment of established tumors and their metastases. As a model for adoptive chemoimmunotherapy (ACIT) of renal cancer we have used a murine renal cancer (Renca) of spontaneous origin that mimics the tumor progression characteristically observed for human renal cell carcinoma. In the present study, we demonstrate that broadly cytotoxic lymphocytes, generated by in vitro culture with human recombinant interleukin 2, and used in conjunction with the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride, are effective in treating invasive and metastatic renal cell cancer. Administration of ACIT i.v. or i.p., alone, or after nephrectomy of the tumor-bearing kidney, did not cure mice with stage II (locoregional invasive tumor) or stage III (lymph node metastases) disease. In contrast, nephrectomy followed by simultaneous bicompartmental i.v. and i.p. ACIT administration cured 80% of mice with either stage II or stage III Renca. These data demonstrate that simultaneous bicompartmental ACIT affords dramatically improved cure rates for advanced and metastatic Renca. This effect most likely results from efficient control of both locoregional and metastatic tumor growth.
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PMID:Successful treatment of advanced murine renal cell cancer by bicompartmental adoptive chemoimmunotherapy. 349 54

Vasculitis is characterized by inflammatory changes and necrosis of blood vessels. Involvement of arteries and veins of diverse sizes throughout the body is possible and results in a multiplicity of clinical manifestations. Primary and secondary forms of vasculitis exist. Secondary vasculitis has been linked to several processes, including infections, drugs, and allergic, rheumatologic, and neoplastic disease. The majority of patients with malignant neoplasm-associated vasculitis who have been described had hematologic neoplasms. We report a patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon and vasculitis and review the 36 cases of vasculitis in patients with solid tumors documented in the world literature. The most common malignant neoplasms were non-small-cell lung cancer and prostate, breast, colon, and renal cancer. Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis and nerve and muscle microvasculitis were the most frequently observed vasculitic subtypes. Importantly, in 71% of the cases, manifestations of vasculitis appeared before or concurrent with the initial recognition or the relapse of the tumor. Management strategies that met with success in at least half the patients in whom they were used included corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and treatment of the underlying cancer. Prognosis may be primarily related to the ability to control the malignant neoplasm, as most of the patients who died did so because of tumor progression.
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PMID:Clinical manifestations of vasculitis in patients with solid tumors. A case report and review of the literature. 829 1

Cadherins are a family of calcium-dependent, cell-cell adhesion molecules that play an important morphoregulatory role in a wide variety of tissues. Alterations in cadherin function have been implicated in tumor progression in a number of adenocarcinomas. Despite the increasing number of new cadherins identified, little is known about cadherins in normal renal tissue and renal carcinomas. A novel cadherin transcript, cadherin-6, was recently described to be present in renal cancer cell lines and fetal kidney, but no data on protein expression nor tissue localization has been reported. In this study, we demonstrate that the expression of cadherin-6 is restricted to the proximal tubule epithelium. This finding is critical because these cells give rise to the majority of neoplasms of this organ. Furthermore we demonstrate typical cadherin features of cadherin-6, including cytoplasmic binding to alpha- and beta-catenin. We present data of cadherin-6 expression in a series of 32 primary renal cell cancers. Cadherin-6 expression tended to vary with histology in these samples. Whereas the majority of renal cell cancers with histology-associated poor prognosis (i.e., high grade clear cell carcinomas and sarcomatoid renal tumors) show aberrant expression of cadherin-6, in tumors with a favorable prognosis (i.e., low grade clear cell carcinomas and papillary cancers), normal cadherin-6 expression was predominant. Overall, these findings demonstrate specific expression of cadherin-6 in the proximal renal tubules in normal human kidney and suggest that alterations of cadherin-6 expression are associated with progression of renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Cadherin-6, a cell adhesion molecule specifically expressed in the proximal renal tubule and renal cell carcinoma. 920 85

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a pluripotent polypeptide which plays an important role in tumor progression and angiogensis. We determined the expression and localization patterns of bFGF and one of its receptor (FGFR-1) in normal renal as well as in renal cancers. The results were compared with clinicopathologic features. Using bFGF and FGFR-1 antibody, the repairing method of antigen with microwave oven heating and LSAB immunohistochemistry we used in 36 cases of paraffin-embedded renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and their paired normal renal tissues. The expression of bFGF and FGFR-1 was nearly consistent. The normal renal tissues and ECM of 29 cases of renal cancer tissues showed heterogenous immunoreactivities. Renal cancer cell cytoplasm of 12 primary tumors and 2 metastatic tumors, as in the cytoplasmic bFGF of cultured GRC-1 cells, were positively homogenous stained. The bFGF and FGFR-1 can be consistently expressed in normal renal and renal cancer tissues, reflecting that the expression and function of these substances were closely associated. The cytoplasmic bFGF expression of renal cancer was related to tumor stages, suggesting that b bFGF plays an important role in the progression of renal cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[Expression of basic fibroblast growth factor and its receptor in renal cell carcinoma]. 959 Jul 49

This study was based on 192 patients treated surgically for 228 metastatic lesions of the long bones from 1986 through 1995. The survival rate was 0.3 at 1 year after surgery. The surgical treatment consisted of resection and reconstruction of the involved bone (18), intralesional curettage (133), or stabilization only (77). Reconstruction was achieved by an endoprosthesis in 54 cases, by an osteosynthetic device in 162, by cement only in 10. In two cases no reconstruction was performed. The local failure rate was 11% and the median time to failure was 8 months. Local failure was most frequent in patients with kidney cancer (24%) and in diaphyseal and distal femoral lesions (20%). Among 162 operations involving osteosynthetic devices, 22 (14%) were failures as compared with one of 54 (2%) endoprostheses. Sixty percent of the patients received preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy. Five of the six patients who had surgery for local tumor progression had not received radiotherapy. Eight of 10 nonunions and all five patients who developed a stress fracture had been treated with radiotherapy. It is concluded that endoprosthetic reconstructions are preferable to osteosynthetic devices. The skeletal complications associated with radiotherapy may be circumvented by the use of endoprostheses.
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PMID:Failures after operation for skeletal metastatic lesions of long bones. 997 84

Comparative genome hybridization (CGH) is a laboratory method to measure gains and losses of chromosomal regions in tumor cells. It is believed that DNA gains and losses in tumor cells do not occur entirely at random, but partly through some flow of causality. Models that relate tumor progression to the occurrence of DNA gains and losses could be very useful in hunting cancer genes and in cancer diagnosis. We lay some mathematical foundations for inferring a model of tumor progression from a CGH data set. We consider a class of tree models that are more general than a path model that has been developed for colorectal cancer. We derive a tree model inference algorithm based on the idea of a maximum-weight branching in a graph, and we show that under plausible assumptions our algorithm infers the correct tree. We have implemented our methods in software, and we illustrate with a CGH data set for renal cancer.
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PMID:Inferring tree models for oncogenesis from comparative genome hybridization data. 1022 63

Renal cell carcinoma is characterized by an accumulation of complex chromosomal alterations during tumor progression. Chromosome 3p deletions are known to occur early in the carcinogenesis, but the nature of subsequent events, their interrelationships, and their sequence is poorly understood, as one usually only obtains a single "view" of the dynamic process of tumor development in a particular cancer patient. To address this limitation, we used comparative genomic hybridization analysis in combination with a distance-based and a branching-tree method to search for tree models of the oncogenesis process of 116 conventional (clear cell) renal carcinomas. This provides a means to analyze and model cancer development processes based on a more dynamic model, including the presence of multiple pathways, as compared with the fixed linear model first proposed by Vogelstein et al. (N. Engl. J. Med., 319: 525-532, 1988) for colorectal cancer. The most common DNA losses involved 3p (61%), 4q (50%), 6q (40%), 9p (35%), 13q (37%), and Xq (21%). The most common gains were seen at chromosome 17p and 17q (20%). The tree model derived from the distance-based method is consistent with the established theory that -3p is an important early event in conventional (clear cell) renal cancer and supports the prediction made from the branching tree that -4q is another important early event. Both tree models suggest that there may be two groups of clear cell renal cancers: one characterized by -6q, +17q, and + 17p, and another by -9p, -13q, and -18q. Putative prognostic parameters were -9p and -13q. The distance-based tree clarifies that -8p (present in 12% of tumors) is a late event, largely independent of other events. In summary, tree modeling of comparative genomic hybridization data provided new information on the interrelationships of genetic changes in renal cancer and their possible order, as well as a clustering of these events. Using tree analysis, one can derive a more in-depth understanding of the renal cancer development process than is possible by simply focusing on the frequencies of genetic events in a given cancer type.
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PMID:Construction of evolutionary tree models for renal cell carcinoma from comparative genomic hybridization data. 1110 20

We examined whether patients with both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and cancer differ from classical ALS patients, and whether motor neuron disease responds to oncological therapy. We analyzed clinical and immunological features of 14 patients (9 men, 5 women; mean age 65.3 years) with pure/definite ALS and cancer. Patients with solid tumor cancer and definite ALS were selected according to the E1 Escorial criteria; cases with ALS plus were excluded. Four patients had breast cancer, three lung adenocarcinoma, and three bowel tumor; hepatocarcinoma, kidney cancer, and mesothelioma were observed in one case each, and in one patient the primary tumor was unidentified. Patients' sera were examined for antinervous system antibodies by means of immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Of five patients who underwent surgical therapy, two worsened during the procedure, while the other three had no benefit. The remaining two patients did not improve after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In none of our cases did the oncological disease progress. Death was a consequence of ALS in all eight patients who died. Median survival was 18 months and did not differ from that of 28 ALS patients matched for age, sex, and onset features (bulbar or spinal). Anti-nervous system antibodies were never detected. We conclude that our group of pure ALS patients with cancer do not significantly differ from patients with classical ALS. They usually die as a consequence of the motor neuron syndrome in the absence of cancer progression. To date we have not observed any response of ALS to antitumor therapy.
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PMID:Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and cancer do not differ clinically from patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 1112 33

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a laboratory method to measure gains and losses in the copy number of chromosomal regions in tumor cells. It is hypothesized that certain DNA gains and losses are related to cancer progression and that the patterns of these changes are relevant to the clinical consequences of the cancer. It is therefore of interest to develop models which predict the occurrence of these events, as well as techniques for learning such models from CGH data. We continue our study of the mathematical foundations for inferring a model of tumor progression from a CGH data set that we started in Desper et al. (1999). In that paper, we proposed a class of probabilistic tree models and showed that an algorithm based on maximum-weight branching in a graph correctly infers the topology of the tree, under plausible assumptions. In this paper, we extend that work in the direction of the so-called distance-based trees, in which events are leaves of the tree, in the style of models common in phylogenetics. Then we show how to reconstruct the distance-based trees using tree-fitting algorithms developed by researchers in phylogenetics. The main advantages of the distance-based models are that 1) they represent information about co-occurrences of all pairs of events, instead of just some pairs, 2) they allow quantitative predictions about which events occur early in tumor progression, and 3) they bring into play the extensive methodology and software developed in the context of phylogenetics. We illustrate the distance-based tree method and how it complements the branching tree method, with a CGH data set for renal cancer.
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PMID:Distance-based reconstruction of tree models for oncogenesis. 1138 62


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