Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0178874 (tumor progression)
 40,807 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a series of 213 incident cases of laryngeal cancer, interviewed 10 years ago in the framework of a population-based case-control study, survival has been evaluated in relation to tobacco, alcohol consumption and dietary habits. The occurrence of other primaries and stage at diagnosis were taken into account as possible confounding factors. Heavy tobacco smoking appeared to worsen the prognosis in a dose-dependent manner. No effect was apparent for alcohol. The consumption of vegetables, citrus fruit, olive oil and orange juice was associated with a better prognosis; an opposite association was found for butter and milk. A tentative differentiation between dietary patterns showed a 36% advantage in survival for those whose dietary habits corresponded to the "Mediterranean diet". Our results support the hypothesis that diet may interfere with the mechanisms of cancer progression, and suggest that dietary intervention could be a means of improving survival in laryngeal cancer patients.
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PMID:Tobacco and diet as determinants of survival in male laryngeal cancer patients. 857 49

We performed a retrospective, longitudinal study to determine whether abnormalities in immunohistochemical staining for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, or cyclin D1 occur before the development of laryngeal carcinoma. Staining was performed on 63 paraffin-embedded biopsies from 18 patients who subsequently developed carcinoma in situ (CIS) or invasive carcinoma of the larynx. These were compared to 71 biopsies from 20 patients who did not develop CIS/cancer (minimum follow-up period, 4 years). Also studied were the 34 biopsies containing CIS and/or carcinoma from those patients who progressed and 22 biopsies obtained concurrently. The two patient groups did not differ significantly in terms of tobacco and alcohol use. Distinct patterns of staining correlated with malignant progression. These included EGFR staining of two thirds or more of the epithelium thickness, a linear basal p53 staining pattern, and strong (3+) staining for cyclin D1 (P < 0.01 for each). These staining patterns also correlated with increasing atypia. In our study population, linear basal staining for p53 and strong staining for cyclin D1 had higher specificity for progression than did EGFR overexpression, which was also seen in association with inflammation and chronic irritation. Marked site-to-site variation was seen in the immunohistochemical staining and in the degree of atypia, suggesting that multiple biopsies are necessary to properly assess risk. These immunohistochemical staining patterns may be clinically useful to predict patients at risk for neoplastic progression.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical staining for markers of future neoplastic progression in the larynx. 861 72

Matrix metalloproteinases are believed to play an important role in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. In order to investigate if the expression of stromelysin-3 (ST3) mRNA could add prognostic information concerning invasive laryngeal cancer and/or be indicative of a high risk for tumor progression in laryngeal dysplasias ST3 expression was analyzed by in situ hybridisation of formalin fixed paraffin embedded laryngeal specimens. Furthermore, all specimens underwent image cytometry (ICM) DNA analysis, and, p53 immunostaining. Invasive epithelial cancer, both localized (T1, T2) cancers, cured, as well as not cured, by radiotherapy, and cases with regional lymph node metastases were studied. Furthermore, high grade and low grade dysplasias, selected for rapid, slow and non-progression, as well as non-neoplastic inflammatory lesions were investigated. Expression of the ST3 gene was found in 9 out of 14 (64%) invasive cancer lesions, and in 3 out of 10 (30%) dysplasias, thus indicating that ST3 expression correlates to tumor progression. The ST3 positive laryngeal cancer lesions displayed a higher degree of DNA aberration than the ST3 negative lesions thus suggesting that ST3 positivity could indicate highly malignant tumors. Of the three ST3 positive dysplasias, the first progressed rapidly to cancer in situ with suspected microinvasion. The second ST3 positive dysplasia progressed to invasive cancer within five months. The third ST3 positive dysplasia had been radically excised and hereby cured. All but one of the dysplastic lesions showed p53 immunoreactivity, and all dysplasias exhibited aneuploid cells. ST3 expression appears to be a late event in the multistage process of carcinogenesis and could prove useful as an indicator of dysplasias with imminent risk for progression to invasive cancer.
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PMID:Stromelysin-3 mRNA expression in dysplasias and invasive epithelial cancer of the larynx. 949 47

Squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma accounts for 1% of all cancer deaths and 95% of all laryngeal malignancies. It is most frequently found in smokers over 40 years of age. This neoplasm is presently the object of cytogenetic studies in an attempt to identify a specific chromosome pattern. In a study of 29 cases of malignant primary laryngeal tumor, Nawroz (1993) found a loss of alleles in different loci mapped in the short arm of chromosome 9 (9p) in more than two-thirds of the cases. In the same chromosome region, the loss of heterozygotes (LOH) was previously described in other neoplasms (leukemia, hematic tumors, melanomas). In an attempt to verify the predominant chromosome pattern and the loss of heterozygotes in chromosome 9, a cytogenetic, genetic-molecular study was performed on ten cases of laryngeal carcinoma. Among these subjects, two showed a hyperdiploid chromosome pattern (metaphase with more than 46 chromosomes per cell), five had a hypodiploid pattern (with less than 46 chromosomes per cell) while, for the remaining three cases, it was not possible to identify any metaphase. Numerous structural and numerical karyotype defects were found in chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 18, and Y. In 6 of the cases abnormality was found in chromosome 9 while in 10 it was apparently a homozygote. The study was performed with the use of fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) using a chromosome library specific for chromosome 9. A loss of the 9p segment could be found as a result of different types of alterations: deletion (case 1, 2, 5, 7); non uniform transfer between chromosome 2 and chromosome 9 (case 2); other transfers involving the 9p segment (case 1, 4, 5, 7, 10). In six cases, analysis was further detailed at the molecular level by means of DNA amplification methods (PCR) and electrophoresis on denatured 10% polyacrylammide gels. LOH was studied using a polymorphic system specific for the short arm of chromosome 9. Four of the cases examined showed LOH for the system used while one case (case 4) gave no information. Case 9 did not show any loss of alleles. The present study suggests that the loss of a DNA sequence on chromosome 9p is primary to the neoplastic progression in laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:[Genetics of laryngeal cancer: an experimental study]. 954 21

The blood coagulation mechanism may support tumor progression by several mechanisms including promotion of cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Immunohistochemical procedures were applied to AMeX-fixed sections of twelve cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx obtained at surgical resection to determine the presence and distribution of tissue factor (TF), tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI), other coagulation factors, fibrinogen, and fibrin in situ. TF antigen was present in normal squamous epithelial cells and tumor cells, predominantly in immature tumor cells in the vicinity of the host-tumor interface. Tumor cells stained also for factors VII and X. Staining for TFPI antigen was demonstrated in the connective tissue stroma adjacent to the tumor, in microvascular endothelial cells, and in normal squamous epithelial cells. Fibrinogen and factor XIIIa were distributed throughout the tumor connective tissue stroma. Fibrin (thrombin-cleaved fibrinogen) was detected at the host-tumor interface and along the margins of tumor nodules. Tumor cells in carcinoma of the larynx express a functional, TF-initiated pathway of blood coagulation. Interpretation of these findings together with the results of clinical trials of inhibitors of TF-induced coagulation activation versus effects of inhibitors of TF expression suggest novel approaches to the experimental therapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
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PMID:Expression of tissue factor and tissue factor pathway inhibitor in situ in laryngeal carcinoma. 1061 52

Kinetics (growth fraction of tumour cell populations), death process of cancer cells (apoptosis and necrosis) and neovascularisation in tumour (angiogenesis) have influence on the growth of cancer. Sixty patients with laryngeal cancer treated in ENT Department of Medical Academy of Lodz were analysed. Proliferation activity of cancer cells was examined by means of selection appropriate antigen (Ki-67) characteristic for cell cycle utilising immunohistochemical techniques carried out on laryngeal cancer paraffin samples. Expression of selected protein connected with apoptosis (p-53) and intensity of angiogenesis were examine using selected antibody (anti-CD34) aimed against epithelial antigens. Above-mentioned markers were correlated with: stage of cancer progression, recurrences and metastasis of laryngeal cancer and follow-up of the patients. The morphological properties were examined as well. The researches on apoptosis, angiogenesis and proliferation of cancer cells can be used as prognostic factors for the patients with laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:[Assessment of cell proliferation antigen Ki-67, protein p53 related to apoptosis and angiogenesis in laryngeal cancer]. 1097 82

Apoptosis--the programmed sell death is the process of characteristic events on morphological, biochemical and molecular level which lead consequently to cell death. This process require activation of some genes i.e. p-53, mdm2 and inhibiting others i.e. bcl-2. Sixty patients with laryngeal cancer treated in ENT Department of Medical Academy of Lodz were analysed. Expression of the p-53 and bcl-2 genes' products was examined by means immunohistochemical techniques carried out on laryngeal cancer paraffin samples. Above-mentioned markers were correlated with: stage of cancer progression, recurrences and metastasis of laryngeal cancer and follow-up of the patients. Initial results indicate the possible utilisation of apoptosis as prognostic factors for the patients with laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:[Programmed cell death research in laryngeal cancer]. 1097 88

An association between cell adhesion molecules expression in neoplastic tissues and cancer progression has been the focus of many recent studies. In certain tumours down-regulation of CD44 expression has been linked to the poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate CD44 expression and to determine the correlation between CD44 expression and the clinicopathological features of laryngeal cancer. The group consisted of 80 patients with primary laryngeal cancer. Tissue samples were taken from removed tumour mass during surgical treatment, CD44 expression was assessed by immunohistochemical method. The down-regulation of CD44 expression significantly correlated with a shorter disease-free survival (p<0.05). Our results suggest that CD44 expression may be useful as a prognostic marker in laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:CD44 glycoprotein as a prognostic factor in laryngeal cancer. 1182 May 81

Cell lines provide a good model for studies on molecular and cellular events accompanying neoplastic transformation and cancer progression. The data in recent literature suggest an occurrence of repetitive chromosome aberrations that can be linked with particular stages of cancer. Ten cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx at the University of Turku were karyotyped. The studied cell lines represented a variety of primary locations of the tumors, TNM staging and histological grading. Karyotyping was done by the classical cytogenetic technique with the application of GTG, QFQ and other banding techniques; some complex aberrations were analyzed by the FISH technique. The results document several numerical and structural aberrations. Attention was focused on the monosomy of chromosomes 13, 17 and 18, frequent deletions of the Y chromosome. Structural aberrations were frequently seen at chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 11, mostly as deletions (usually deletions of a whole arm), translocations, isochromosomes, duplications and marker chromosomes. The study is in progress and aims to find a correlation between particular aberrations and disease staging. At present, two observations seem to be firm: the amplification of the 11q13 region appeared in tumors with a short survival. However, the primary location of the tumor should be taken into account when considering 11q13 as a prognostic marker. The same is applicable for del(9p), which indicates an early stage of disease. Besides the frequent chromosome aberrations, attention should be paid to marker chromosomes that are potentially specific for laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:Analysis of chromosome aberrations in cell lines derived from laryngeal cancer in relation to tumor progression. 1210 32

Tobacco smoke, recognized as a major etiological factor for cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract, represents an abundant source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are believed to play a significant role in mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. An additional source of ROS in tissues exposed to tobacco smoke may be metabolic oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). To investigate the relationships between oxidative DNA lesions and aromatic DNA adducts, six modified DNA bases 5-hydroxyuracil, 5-hydroxycytosine, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine, 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine and 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine and the total level of PAH-related DNA adducts were measured in cancerous and the surrounding normal larynx tissues (68 subjects), using gas chromatography/isotope-dilution mass spectroscopy with selected ion monitoring and the 32P-postlabeling-HPLC assay, respectively. The levels of oxidative DNA lesions in cancerous and adjacent tissue were comparable; the differences between the two types of tissue were significant only for 5-hydroxypyrimidines (slightly higher levels were observed in the adjacent tissue). Comparable levels of DNA lesions in cancerous and the surrounding normal tissues observed in the larynx tumors support a field cancerization theory. The surrounding tissues may still be recognized as normal by histological criteria. However, molecular alterations resulting from the chronic tobacco smoke exposure, which equally affects larynx epithelia, may lead to multiple premalignant lesions. Thus, a demonstration of similar levels of DNA damage in cancerous and the adjacent tissue could explain a frequent formation of secondary tumors in the larynx and the frequent recurrence in this type of cancer. A weak, but distinct effect of tumor grading and metastatic status was observed in both kinds of tissue in the case of 5-hydroxyuracil, 5-hydroxycytosine, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine. This effect was displayed as a gradual shift in the data distribution toward high values from G1 through G2-G3 and from non-metastatic to metastatic tumors. Since the levels of oxidative DNA base modifications tended to increase with the tumor aggressiveness, we postulate that the oxidative DNA lesions increase genetic instability and thus contribute to tumor progression in laryngeal cancer. No associations between aromatic adduct levels and oxidative DNA lesions were present, suggesting that the metabolism of PAH does not contribute significantly to the oxidative stress in larynx tissues, remaining the tobacco smoke ROS as a major source of oxidative DNA damage in the exposed tissue.
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PMID:Oxidative DNA base modifications and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon DNA adducts in squamous cell carcinoma of larynx. 1268 18


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