Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0178874 (tumor progression)
 40,807 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Heat shock protein 70.1 (Hsp70.1), also known as Hsp70, is a highly conserved member of the heat shock protein family that exists in all living organisms and determines the protein fate as molecular chaperones. Hsp70 basal expression is undetectable or low in most unstressed normal cells, however, its abundant presence in several types of human cancer cells is reported. Several studies support upregulated Hsp70 involved in tumor progression and drug resistance through modulation of cell death pathways and suppresses anticancer immune responses. However, numerous studies have confirmed that Hsp70 can also induce anticancer immune responses through the activation of immune cells in particular antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Regarding the significant and the promising role of vaccines in cancer immunotherapy, identification and characterization of the overexpressed Hsp70 as a potential immune stimulatory factor can pave the path for development of highly effective anticancer vaccines. In this review, we will discuss the interactions of Hsp70 with components of the immune system in cancers as well as possible strategies to harness Hsp70 for eliciting anticancer immune responses.
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PMID:Hsp70 in Cancer: Partner or Traitor to Immune System. 3224 3

Accumulating evidence suggests that overexpression of heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) increases cancer progression, and that HSP47 level in the tumor-associated stroma may serve as a diagnostic marker in various cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate whether HSP47 gene expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues could be used to identify lymph node (LN) metastasis status preoperatively in patients with CRC. To do so, HSP47 gene expression was determined and its association with the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with CRC was analyzed. A total of 139 surgical specimens from patients with CRC and 36 patients with benign colonic disease undergoing surgery at Mie University Hospital were analyzed. HSP47 gene expression was determined by reverse transcription quantitative PCR using Power SYBR Green PCR methods. Expression level of HSP47 was significantly higher in CRC tissues compared with normal tissue from patients with benign colonic disease. Furthermore, high HSP47 expression was significantly associated with tumor progression, including high T stage, lymph node metastasis and venous invasion, and high TNM stage. High HSP47 expression may therefore serve as a novel predictive biomarker for determining patients with CRC and LN metastasis. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with high HSP47 expression level had significantly poorer overall survival than those with low HSP47 expression level. Furthermore, multivariate analyses identified HSP47 expression as an independent predictive marker for LN metastasis and poor overall survival in patients with CRC. In summary, the present study demonstrated that HSP47 expression may be considered as a novel biomarker for predicting LN metastasis status and prognosis in patients with CRC.
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PMID:Preoperative heat shock protein 47 levels identify colorectal cancer patients with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. 3312 44

Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), has shown great promise for cancer treatment in many preclinical studies. This study reports a nanoreactor designed for an enhanced mild temperature phototherapy which utilizes multiple mechanisms including simultaneous glucose consumption, oxygen supply, glutathione (GSH) depletion and heat-resistance relief. The nanoreactor is prepared using an Fe-doped polydiaminopyridine (Fe-PDAP) nanozyme with an intrinsic catalase-like activity coloaded with glucose oxidase (GOx) and indocyanine green (ICG). Evidence shows that glucose plays a vital role in tumor progression. Initiated by the breakdown of glucose into gluconic acid and H2O2 by GOx, Fe-PDAP promotes reoxygenation by catalyzing the reaction-supplied and tumor cell-supplied H2O2 into O2, which then enhances the O2-dependent PDT. Moreover, Fe-PDAP depletes GSH in tumor cells for more efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Meanwhile, the heat resistance of tumor cells is relieved by GOx-induced glucose exhaustion and heat shock protein (HSP) reduction, improving the efficiency of PTT. In particular, the nanoreactor also serves as a contrast agent for fluorescence, photoacoustic, and magnetic resonance multimodal imaging. Consequently, this nanoreactor efficiently inhibits tumor growth through mild temperature phototherapy under multimodal imaging guidance, resulting in successful tumor ablation with minimal systemic toxicity.
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PMID:A multimodal imaging-guided nanoreactor for cooperative combination of tumor starvation and multiple mechanism-enhanced mild temperature phototherapy. 3323 93


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