Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0178874 (tumor progression)
 40,807 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A chronological study of the individual thymic lobes of young AKR mice after neonatal inoculation of the oncogenic AKR retrovirus SL 3-3 was performed. 100% of mice treated in this manner develop lymphoma between 60 and 100 days of age. A search for early lymphoma cells in individual thymi was carried out by inoculating the thymocytes subcutaneously in syngeneic and intrathymically in syngeneic and semisyngeneic recipients. Tumor progression was observed in animals between 48 and 60 days of age. These animals have: (a) normal weight lobes, in which no lymphoma cells could be detected, (b) thymus-dependent lymphoma cells, in one or both normal weight lobes; (c) thymus-independent lymphoma cells, found in lobes of normal weight as well as in thymi enlarged by lymphoma cells. Thymocyte characteristics of virus-treated animals of 21 to 63 days of age were compared with those of age-matched controls. Beginning at 28 days a concordant, progressive with time, increase of thymocyte surface staining for the viral envelope glycoprotein gp70 was seen in all lobes from virus-treated animals. Evaluation of cell surface markers by two-color fluorescence with antibodies to CD4 and CD8 showed that after 50 days of age, thymic lobes with and without lymphomas had nonspecific, but marked, alterations of the typical thymocyte surface marker pattern. No characteristic CD4, CD8 surface phenotype was found in primary lymphomas. Using probes for the T-cell receptor J beta 2 gene segments and the Akv ecotropic virus gp70 envelope genes, oligoclonality in J beta 2 rearrangements and clonality using the Akv env genes was demonstrated in thymi with the thymus-dependent phenotype. In lymphomas T-cell receptor beta gene probes showed either oligoclonality or clonality. Clonal virus integrations were found in these lymphomas. These experiments suggest the following series of events in virus-accelerated AKR lymphomagenesis. First, lymphoma cells arise which are initially thymus-dependent and can appear in one or simultaneously in both thymic lobes. These progress to become thymus-independent, fully autonomous, tumor cells. Thymocytes close to or at the time of the initial transformation event show a marked disorder of differentiation defined by the alterations in the CD4, CD8 surface phenotype distribution.
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PMID:Development of lymphoma in the thymus of AKR mice treated with the lymphomagenic virus SL 3-3. 254 38

We have examined avian leukosis virus-induced B-cell lymphomas for multiple, stage-specific oncogene activations. Three targets for viral integration were identified: c-myb, c-myc, and a newly identified locus termed c-bic. The c-myb and c-myc genes were associated with different lymphoma phenotypes. The c-bic locus was a target for integration in one class of lymphomas, usually in conjunction with c-myc activation. The data indicate that c-myc and c-bic may act synergistically during lymphomagenesis and that c-bic is involved in late stages of tumor progression.
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PMID:Multiple proto-oncogene activations in avian leukosis virus-induced lymphomas: evidence for stage-specific events. 254 84

Forty patients with refractory Hodgkin's disease (24 patients) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (16 patients) who were considered for high-dose therapy but not for autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) due to BM metastases, previous pelvic irradiation, a history of marrow involvement by tumor or hypocellular marrow in conventional harvest sites received high-dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood (PB) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Disappearance of circulating neutrophils and development of RBC and platelet transfusion-dependence was followed, in the evaluable patients, by reappearance of 0.5 x 10(9)/L circulating granulocytes and sufficient platelets to obviate the need for platelet transfusions at a median of 25 days after transplantation. Twenty-three patients experienced a clinical complete remission (CR). The projected 2-year event-free survival was 24% for all 40 patients and 49% for the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients. The projected 18-month event-free survival for the Hodgkin's disease patients was 15%. PB stem cell transplantation provided an opportunity to administer high-dose salvage therapy to patients with refractory lymphoma who otherwise were not candidates for such therapy. For some of those patients, the high-dose therapy produced prolonged survival, free of tumor progression.
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PMID:High-dose therapy and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for patients with lymphoma. 256

Spirogermanium was given as a 90 minute infusion to 47 eligible patients with refractory Hodgkin's (9 patients) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (38 patients). The schedule was 80 mg/m2 three times a week for the first two weeks and 100 mg/m2, 3 times a week, for the two subsequent weeks. In case of response or stable disease, the treatment was continued with biweekly infusions of 100 mg/m2 until tumor progression. In 64% of cases, three or more combinations had been previously administered; 66% of patients presented an extra-lymphatic spread of disease. Two patients with Hodgkin's disease showed a partial response of 11 and 23 weeks and two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma achieved a complete response of 12 and 24 weeks. Overall, 14 patients showed a tumor progression within the first month of treatment. The main toxicity was neurological, with dizziness and lethargy during the infusion in 50% of cases. Hematologic toxicity was almost absent. Spirogermanium is ineffective in heavily pretreated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The confirmed lack of activity in patients with refractory malignant lymphoma and the need of repeated and prolonged infusions definitely discourage the clinical use of the drug.
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PMID:A phase II study of spirogermanium in patients with advanced malignant lymphoma. 279 76

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) were diagnosed in 43 patients from the Pittsburgh-Denver series between June 1980 and March 1987. This constitutes a detection rate of 1.7%. Major categories of clinical presentation included a mononucleosislike syndrome, gastrointestinal/abdominal disease, and solid organ disease. The median time of onset in patients initially immunosuppressed with cyclosporine-A (CsA)-containing regimens was 4.4 months after transplant, regardless of tumor clonality. A strong association of PTLD with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was observed. A histologic spectrum of lesions from polymorphic to monomorphic was observed. Whereas polymorphic lesions could be either clonal or nonclonal, monomorphic lesions appeared to be clonal in composition. The presence of large atypical cells (atypical immunoblasts) or necrosis did not appreciably worsen the prognosis. Twelve patients had clonal, 13 had nonclonal, and five had both clonal and nonclonal tumors. Clonality was indeterminate in 13 cases. Most patients were treated with a regimen based on reduced immunosuppression and supportive surgery. Almost all nonclonal and about half of the clonal lesions respond to this conservative therapy, indicating that it is an appropriate first line of treatment. This behavior suggests that a spectrum of lesions ranging from infectious mononucleosis to malignant lymphoma constitutes the entity known as PTLD. Some monoclonal tumors can undergo regression, however, apparently in response to host immune control mechanisms. Because of its short latency and strong association with EBV, PTLD is an important model for the study of virus-associated tumor progression in humans.
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PMID:The pathology of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders occurring in the setting of cyclosporine A-prednisone immunosuppression. 284 89

Expression of several thymocyte surface antigens was monitored in a murine model system of thymic lymphoma induction in two different strains of mice. RF/J mice are sensitive to tumor induction by N-nitrosomethylurea (NMU) and by gamma-irradiation, while 129/J mice form tumors only upon NMU treatment. Latency periods for tumor formation were characteristically different depending upon the inducing agent and the mouse strain. We observed differences in thymic leukemia antigen and H-2K expression according to the mode of tumor induction and in relation to the mouse strain, implying multiple factors involved in target cell selection and tumor progression.
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PMID:Differential expression of surface markers on thymic lymphomas induced by two carcinogenic agents in different mouse strains. 288 44

In a married couple, a T-cell and a B-cell lymphoma occurred at the same time in the husband (FR) and wife (FE), respectively. Serum antibodies of patient FE with less advanced tumor progression specifically recognized HTLV-I-related envelope precursor molecules of 66-68 kDa molecular mass on HTLV-I-infected T- and B-cell lines, but not on HTLV-II or HIV-infected cells. In addition, in vivo-activated CD8+ T-cell lines (TCL) from this patient specifically lysed autologous B-lymphoma cells, T-lymphoma cells from the husband (FR), as well as the HTLV-I-transformed MT2 T-cell line. All positive target cells shared an HLA-class-I cross-reactive determinant identified by the alloantiserum WER127. On a clonal level, the specificity of the cytotoxic T-cell response was unequivocally distinguishable from classical natural-killer-like cytotoxicity. Results imply the involvement of a common inductive agent in the manifestation of malignant lymphoma in both patients (FR and FE). Since antibodies from cases with classical HTLV-I-induced adult T-cell leukemias (ATLL) did not bind antigens on cells of either lymphoma (FR or FE) and active virus production was not demonstrable under various different conditions, these results argue against HTLV-1 itself being the transforming agent. However, humoral and cellular immune responses of one patient (FE), in addition to de novo HLA-class-1 antigen expression of both patients, are nonetheless consistent with the involvement of viral infections(s). These were responsble for the expression of HTLV-1-characteristic envelope determinants of the malignant progeny of respective T- and B-cell origin.
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PMID:Lymphoma-specific T- and B-cell responses suggest the involvement of HTLV-I in virus-non-productive lymphomas of a married couple. 289 49

We have reviewed literature data on 6,306 cases of hematological neoplasia--acute and chronic lymphatic and myeloid leukemias (CML excepted), myelodysplastic and chronic lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders, and malignant lymphomas--with the goal of quantitatively ascertaining how often cytogenetically unrelated clones occur in these diseases. Unexpectedly wide variations were found: in ANLL, unrelated clones were present in 1.1% of the 2,506 known cases with chromosome abnormalities characterized with banding technique; in the various myelodysplastic (MDS) and chronic myeloproliferative (CMD) disorders (total number of cases 1,299) the frequency was 4.3% and in lymphatic malignancies 1.3% (total case number 2,501). In the latter group the proportions varied between 0.4% and 0.6% in ALL and malignant lymphoma (ML) to as much as 6.2% in CLD and 7.3% in CLL. Some karyotypic abnormalities were encountered more often than would be expected from their general frequency in the various diseases. This discrepancy was particularly evident in MDS and CMD, where 5q- was found in slightly less and +8 in somewhat more than half of the 56 cases. Furthermore, these two aberrations were found as the only changes in the two coexisting clones in one-fourth of the material. Although if viewed in isolation these data would undoubtedly be best explained by assuming a multicellular origin of the neoplasm, it is entirely possible that what are cytogenetically perceived as unrelated clones could be subclones with some invisible aberration in common. If so, this interpretation indicates that changes like +8 and 5q-, both of which are common rearrangements in bone marrow neoplasms, are actually secondary changes that develop during tumor progression.
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PMID:Cytogenetically unrelated clones in hematological neoplasms. 290 9

Long-term outcome for 127 patients with follicular low-grade lymphoma was investigated. Therapy included radiotherapy (n = 23), low toxicity chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy (n = 76), or more intensive chemotherapy (n = 22). 6 patients had no initial therapy. Complete remission was obtained in 67% of patients. For patients under 60 years of age median survival was 8.7 yr compared with 3.8 yr for older patients, but survival from lymphoma was identical for the two age-groups: 75% at 5 yr, and 58% at 10 yr. The relatively low tumor mortality contrasted with a relapse-free survival of 30% at 10 yr, and relapse 8-9 yr after first remission. Examining the disease topography and the stability of histologic subtype in 78 patients with recurrent lymphoma, two types of relapse with different prognoses were identified: 1) with tumor progression (lymphoma dissemination to atypical extranodal sites and/or histologic conversion to an intermediate/high-grade lymphoma) seen in 56% of patients with a survival from lymphoma of 13% at 10 yr; and 2) without tumor progression (involvement of nodal sites, and unchanged histology) seen in 44% with a survival from lymphoma of 77% at 10 yr. Actuarial risk of tumor progression was 44% at 5 yr, and 67% at 10 yr. Except from the negative impact of a large tumor burden, it was not possible to identify patients with high risk for tumor progression. More important than all pretreatment factors was poor response to initial therapy (p = 0.0001). Due to lack of reliable risk factors, it is recommended that all younger patients be treated with the intention of achieving complete remission; a significant fraction might be curable.
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PMID:Follicular low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: long-term outcome with or without tumor progression. 291 34

Postoperative interventional neuroradiology was performed in patients with malignant gliomas to increase target efficacy of chemotherapy. In 8 glioma patients the blood brain or blood tumor barrier was reversibly opened by intraarterial injection of hyperosmolar fluid (Mannitol 25%). One additional patient had primary lymphoma of the central nervous system. During barrier modification chemotherapeutic agents were applied intraarterially and intravenously. A total of 22 blood brain barrier modification procedures have been carried out until now, ranging from one to five per patient. A presently continuing tumor regression or tumor progression free intervals have been noted in 5 patients. Therapeutic effects are being evaluated from repeated computed tomography and single photon emission computed tomography examinations.
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PMID:Blood brain barrier modification and chemotherapy. Interventional neuroradiology in the treatment of malignant gliomas. 298 Apr 57


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