Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0178874 (tumor progression)
 40,807 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose:glycoprotein galactosyltransferase activity was demonstrated in homogenates of normal ovary and ovarian epithelial adenocarcinomas. The specific activity of the enzyme in ovarian tumors was 3 to 5 times higher than in normal ovaries when the enzyme was assayed under identical conditions. The glycoprotein fetuin, from which terminal sialic acid and penultimate galactose were removed (fetuin minus N-acetylneuraminis acid and galactose), acted as an excellent exogenous acceptor. Galactosyltransferase from normal ovary and ovarian tumor cells had similar properties. Both required Mn2+ and Triton X-100 and had broad pH optima between 5.5 and 7. Galactosyltransferase activity was also measured in serum samples from ovarian cancer patients and normal healthy individuals in the presence of fetuin minus N-acetylneuraminic acid and galactose as exogenous acceptor. The enzyme levels were significantly elevated in the sera of ovarian cancer patients as compared to normal controls. The differences in the levels of this enzyme in the tissues and sera of normal individuals and ovarian cancer patients were not due to differential levels of the degrading enzymes such as uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose pyrophosphatase or beta-D-galactosidase. Serial determinations were carried out on the sera of 5 ovarian cancer patients over a long period of time. The serum level of galactosyltransferase activity appeared to correlate with tumor volume as well as with the clinical status of the patient, which suggests possible leakage of the tumor enzyme into the host sera. Serial determination of this enzyme level in ovarian cancer patients seems promising in measuring tumor progression or success of therapeutic approaches.
Cancer Res 1976 Jun
PMID:Uridine 5'-diphosphate-galactose:glycoprotein galactosyltransferase activity in the ovarian cancer patient. 5 28

The genetics of late appearing MSV tumors showing a progressive growth pattern in AKR mice was investigated. The late MSV tumor response in F1 hybrids depended on the genetic background of the non-AKR parent. Within the 4-month observation period following virus injection, (CBA X AKR) F1, (DBA/2 X AKR)F1, and (NIH X AKR)F1 developed progressing MSV tumors, which exhibited latency and growth behavior comparable to that seen in AKR mice, (BALB X AKR)F1, (B6 X AKR)F1, and (B10br x akr)f1 mice did not show any late MSV tumors. In contrast to early regressing M-MSV tumors, whose development is independent of Fv-1 genotype, late MSV tumor progression is largely a function of this gene, since all late tumors which appeared in (B10BR x AKR) x AKR were observed in Fv-1n homozygous mice, H-2k halotype is a further factor in the occurrence of late MSV tumors, at least in (B6 x AKR) x AKR mice. In crosses of AKR with Fv-1 compatible mice, tumor appearance was strongly associated with inheritance of AKR-Mulv, and MSV recovered from late tumors of first back-cross animals appeared to be a new pseudotype with the endogenous AKR-MuLV. It is suggested that the host genetic control in both early and late MSV tumors is exerted mainly on the helper component of the leukemia-sarcoma complex.
Int J Cancer 1977 Apr 15
PMID:Genetics of murine sarcoma virus (MSV)--induced tumors in AKR mice: Evidence that late progressing and early regressing tumors are controlled by different gents. 6 12

A new method for measuring differences in nuclear detail in chrome alum gallocyanin-stained nuclei of cells from human breast cancers was compared with conventional subjective grading and classification systems. The new method, termed computerized nuclear morphometry (CNM), gives a multivariate numerical score that correlates well with nuclear atypia and gives a higher reproducibility of classification than do subjective observations with conventional histological preparations. When 100 individual nuclei from each of 137 breast cancers were examined by CNM, there was a broad CNM score variation between patients but a good reproducibility for each tumor. When different parts of the same tumor were sampled, there was good reproducibility between samples, indicating that some breast cancers at least are "geometrically monoclonal." When these cancers were compared by the grading systems of WHO and Black, correlations of 0.43 and 0.48, respectively, were found. There was a poor correlation between CNM and classifications of tumor type, but in general there were high values for CNM in medullary tumors and low values in mucous tumors. Correlations between CNM and tumor progression and prognosis await future study of patients participating in the study.
Cancer Res 1978 Dec
PMID:Computerized nuclear morphometry as an objective method for characterizing human cancer cell populations. 8 82

Twenty-two cancer patients were treated with streptozotocin (SZN) in six weekly intravenous doses of 1.0-1.5 g/m2. The results of the initial courses of therapy include 3 complete and 2 partial responses, 11 patients with no change, 4 with progression, and 2 deaths due to tumor progression. Three additional deaths also due to tumor progression occurred in previously responding patients. All responses were in patients with pancreatic tumor. Toxicity consisted of transient proteinuria in 11/15 patients, transient azotemia in 11/18 patients, marked reduction of creatinine clearance in 1 patient, burning pain at site of injection, nausea, and vomiting in 20/22 patients, change of FBS from pretherapy to post-therapy of at least 10 mg/100 ml in 11/17 patients, significantly decreased platelet count in 1/22 patients, decreased Hgb in 2/22 patients, and duodenal ulcer in 2/22 patients. A reduced dosage schedule and combination with other drugs known to be effective in pancreatic tumors deserves further investigations.
Cancer 1975 Feb
PMID:Streptozotocin therapy in 22 cancer patients. 12 12

Following the formation of hyperplastic nodules at a late stage of azo dye hepatocarcinogenesis, some areas of parenchyma show an intense RNA staining, and such hyperbasophilic foci apparently develop hepatomas. Radioautographic analyses with [3H]thymidine labeling indicate the foci to be areas of continued cell proliferation, and the hepatocytes are morphologically distinguishable from the surrounding tissue. The increase of basophilia occurs simultaneously with histochemically demonstrable decreases in bound cations and concomitant increases in pyroantimonate-precipitable free cations. Thus, the phenomenon of hyperbasophilia and the ensuing alteration of cell cycle appears to be associated with changes in intracellular homeostasis. Ultrahistochemical localizations of adenosine triphosphatase and alkaline phosphatase suggest topographic alterations of membrane enzyme activities in the foci and the persistence of altered patterns during tumor progression. The developmental feature of surface adenosine triphosphatase activity has been further studied with subcultures of epithelial cells, which were derived from normal and precancerous livers. The enzyme activity of nontumorigenic cells is minimal, while a considerably high activity is detectable in situ at the outer surface of plasma membranes of tumorigenic cells. A Ca2+- Mg2+-dependent adenosine triphosphatase is identified at the cell surface, and the ectoenzyme would be a useful marker for detection of malignant liver epithelial cells.
Cancer Res 1976 Jul
PMID:Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on hyperbasophilic foci with special reference to the demonstration of cell surface alterations in hepatocarcinogenesis. 13 71

The effects of specific immunotherapy with allogeneic cells transformed by Schmidt-Ruppin Rous sarcoma virus (SR-RSV), of treatment with BCG, and of surgery on the growth of SR-RSV-induced sarcomas in white-lipped marmosets were studied. Tumor incidence, tumor progression, and survival did not differ between control and treated animals. Animals immunized with BCG developed lymphocyte reactivity to tuberculin, which remained until the animals died. BCG was isolated from the spleen of one tumor-bearing animal.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Jan
PMID:Immunization of Rous sarcoma virus-inoculated marmosets with BCG and transformed allogeneic cells. 16 12

A 22-year-old man with a synovial cell sarcoma attained an excellent response to therapy with adriamycin (NSC-123127) and dimethyltriazeno imidazole carboxamide (NSC-45388). Therapy was discontinued at a cumulative dose of adriamycin of 600 mg/m2. Relapse occurred 13 1/2 months later, and therapy with adriamycin was restarted. Because of tumor progression, therapy was discontinued after a cumulative dose of adriamycin of 120 mg/m2. Ten weeks later, severe congestive heart failure developed which ultimately caused the patient's death. Exacerbations of the heart failure were temporally related to the administration of the antitumor antibiotics actinomycin-D (NSC-3053) and mithramycin (NSC-24559). Electron microscopic examination of the heart revealed changes characteristic of adriamycin cardiomyopathy. Thus, even after a long hiatus, it may not be safe to exceed the recommended maximum cumulative dose level of adriamycin. The pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of adriamycin cardiomyopathy are reviewed, and the possible synergistic effect of other antitumor antibiotics is discussed.
Cancer 1975 Nov
PMID:Cardiomyopathy after widely separated courses of adriamycin exacerbated by actinomycin-D and mithramycin. 17 14

Tumors of the rat large intestine induced by subcutaneous injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine were studied by the method of electron microscopy. Adenocarcinomas retained histiotypical differentiation and at the same time consisted mostly of cells with a low rate of differentiation. Just on the contrary, in mucous and signet-ring cell carcinomas the picture of an advanced cell differentiation was observed in a complete loss of organogeny. The greatest malignancy of neoplasms (signet-ring carcinoma), which cells are characterized by a high degree of cytological differentiation, is a manifestation of independence of tumor progression signs.
 ...
PMID:[Ultrastructural characteristics of experimental tumors of the intestine]. 17 4

During eight successive isologous passages of hepatoma induced in male C3HA mice by N-nitrosodiethylamine, no common features of tumor progression were observed, although both the mitotic pattern and ploidy differed from generation to generation. These additional cytologic criteria allowed the biochemical examination of material least changed due to tumor progression. Tumor nDNA's were characterized by greater actinomycin D (AD)- and acridine orange (AO)-binding abilities than were normal nDNA's; this could have resulted from a higher proportion of double-stranded regions in tumor DNA. Isolated tumor deoxyribonucleoprotein had both lower template activity in an RNA polymerase system and fewer AD- and AO-binding sites, when compared with the activity and sites from normal mouse liver. RNA-DNA hybridization data with the above-mentioned findings showed that in hepatoma, part of the nuclear genome was repressed. Also, RNA "new classes" appeared and a certain proportion of nuclear genes controlling mitochondrial protein biosynthesis were derepressed in tumor mitochondria. The hybridization of mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) and DNA revealed new classes of pulse-labeled RNA's in in vitro-incubated liver mitochondria that were absent from intact cell organelles; the hybridization properties of in vivo- and in vitro-formed hepatoma mtRNA's were similar. Competition and hybridization experiments demonstrated that in tumor mitochondria in vivo, some new classes of RNA existed. Hepatoma mitochondrial mRNA had a higher metabolic stability than did normal mRNA.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Jul
PMID:Nucleic acids from subcellular fractions of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatoma in mice. 18 62

The central theme of this communication is the recognition of an immunodiagnostic potential in a herpes virus antigen, the molecular interrelationship of which with cervical tumor cells is described. In addition to the productive infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) we are confronted by latency and, as suggested by recent studies, by cancer. These different types of virus-host cell interactions are discussed at the host, as well as at the cellular level. A defined level of molecular interaction between host and viral gene products must exist if the virus is to co-exist with the host, as is the case in latency and carcinogenesis. The molecular interpretations posit the presence, in the squamous cervical tumor cells, of a product of the expression of the viral genome that has immunodiagnostic potential. The antigen designated AG-4 fulfills these predictions and appears to have immunodiagnostic potential. AG-4 is present in cervical tumor biopsies, but not in normal cervical tissue. It is a structural component of the HSV-2 virion that, in tissue cultures infected with HSV-2, is synthesized preferentially under conditions that prevent the normal replication of the virus. In view of its structural nature it is most probably virus-coded. AG-4 antibody identified in complement fixation assays with antigen prepared in tissue culture, disappears following successful tumor removal and reappears during cancer recurrence. This antibody also potentially identifies those patients with cervical atypia that are at high risk of neoplastic progression. The clinical benefits of the assay are evident.
Cancer 1977 Apr
PMID:Immunodiagnostic potential of a virus-coded, tumor-associated antigen (AG-4) in cervical cancer. 19 36


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