Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0162871 (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
 8,664 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sequential changes in plasma free amino acid concentration were analyzed and compared in burned patients with sepsis (n = 12) and without sepsis (n = 19). After burn injury, phenylalanine, methionine, lysine, and the Phe/Tyr ratio were significantly increased in two groups (P < 0.05-0.01). Threonine, serine, histidine, arginine, proline and BCAA/AAA ratio were significantly decreased in two groups (P < 0.05-0.001). The Phel Tyr ratio in patients with sepsis was much higher than that in patients without sepsis on postburn days 14 and 21 (P < 0.05), while the BCAA/AAA ratio in patients with sepsis was much lower than that in patients without sepsis on postburn day 14 (P < 0.01). The level of proline in patients with sepsis was much higher than that in patients without sepsis on postburn days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05). It is suggested that these results, in collaboration with other clinical and laboratory findings, may be helpful in foretelling the probable development of sepsis in patients with major burns.
 ...
PMID:[Changes in plasma free amino acid concentration in burned patients with sepsis]. 130 55

To clarify the relationship between the growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nutritional state or liver function 32 HCC patients with a tumor volume less than 100 ml at the beginning of the study were investigated. These patients all had been treated by serial transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Tumor volume was measured by integrating the CT images of the liver before each TAE. The tumor at the TAE just before significant enlargement occurred was defined as the stage I tumor and it was designated stage II at the next TAE. The growth rate of the HCC was then calculated from the tumor volume at stage II minus that at stage I. Caloric intake, protein intake, liver function, and serum amino acid were determined in the patients at each stage. The results were as follows: 1) The tumor growth rate was greater in patients whose caloric intake and protein intake were more than 35 kcal/kg/day and 1.5 g/kg/day, respectively. 2) In patients with the greater tumor growth rate, the plasma BCAA/AAA ratio was the lower. However, after tumor growth, the ratio became higher, indicating that the growth of HCC decreased the requirement of BCAA. 3) The tumor growth rate correlated to the change of plasma arginine level (r = -0.76, p less than 0.05).
 ...
PMID:[Growth rate of hepatocellular carcinoma and nutritional state]. 131 99

Nutritional status and its relation to respiratory function and respiratory muscle strength were assessed in patients with pulmonary emphysema. Energy metabolism was also examined in order to elucidate the mechanism of their malnutrition. BCAA/AAA ratio of plasma amino acid was positively correlated with FEV1.0%. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was negatively correlated with FEV1.0%, and REE/REEpred ratio was also negatively correlated with BCAA/AAA and PImax. These findings suggest that increased mechanical work load, associated with airway obstruction and reduced respiratory muscle efficiency, contribute to the increased energy expenditure and amino acid imbalance. Oral nutritional supplementation using BCAA enriched-elemental diet was found to be effective, as assessed by nutritional parameters, PImax, D.O.E., and QOL index, in malnourished emphysema patients.
 ...
PMID:[Nutritional assessment and the effect of supplementary oral nutrition in patients with pulmonary emphysema]. 143 21

Resting energy expenditure (REE) was assessed and its relationship to nutritional status, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle function was studied in 25 patients with pulmonary emphysema. The mean value of REE was 1413 +/- 251 Cal and the ratio of REE/REEpred was 1.398 +/- 0.23, suggesting the existence of a hypermetabolic state in these patients. REE/REEpred ratio was inversely correlated with plasma amino acid BCAA/AAA ratio and body muscle mass; and PImax. REE was inversely correlated with FEV1.0%. REE in the patient subgroup with severe hyperinflation (%RV > or = 200) was significantly higher than that in the subgroup with moderate hyperinflation. Malnourished patients showed significantly more severe hyperinflation than well-nourished patients. These findings suggest that augmented REE contributes to malnutrition in patients with emphysema, and that the increase in REE was related to the increase in mechanical work load on the basis of airway obstruction, respiratory muscle weakness and hyperinflation.
 ...
PMID:[Relation of airway obstruction and respiratory muscle weakness to energy metabolism in pulmonary emphysema]. 144 42

We studied the plasma amino acid profiles in the postabsorptive period in three groups of cirrhotic patients: stable, unstable, and with acute portal systemic encephalopathy (PSE), and compared them with a healthy control group in order to investigate the differences among the different groups and reevaluate the use of the branched-chain amino acid/aromatic amino acid (BCAA/AAA) ratio. Although plasma amino acid levels were similar to the control group, stable cirrhotics had a significantly decreased BCAA/AAA ratio (2.9 +/- 0.2) compared to the control group (3.9 +/- 0.3) (p < 0.05). Unstable cirrhotics had differences in plasma amino acid levels and the BCAA/AAA ratio was even lower (1.7 +/- 0.3) compared with stable cirrhotics and controls, respectively (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01). Patients with PSE had extreme elevations of most amino acids and showed the lowest BCAA/AAA ratio of all four groups (0.8 +/- 0.07) (p < 0.001 compared with controls). We conclude that it is possible to detect differences in plasma amino acid concentrations in different groups of cirrhotics, and that the BCAA/AAA ratio is a good index for the assessment of liver impairment. The latter could be used in the follow-up of a selected group of patients such as those undergoing major surgery or liver transplantation in whom the BCAA/AAA ratio could be used to help determine the best time for the transplant.
 ...
PMID:The BCAA/AAA ratio of plasma amino acids in three different groups of cirrhotics. 148 30

Blood purification, mainly plasma exchange (PE), was carried out for 13 cases of acute, and two cases of chronic postoperative liver failure. Four of thirteen acute cases (31%) survived. Although only one of eight with chronic liver disease survived, three of five without chronic liver disease survived. In most of those who lived, other organ failure occurred less often; total bilirubin and blood ammonia were less than 15 mg/dl and 200 micrograms/dl, respectively, before PE: and total bilirubin, blood ammonia, and branched chain amino acid/aromatic amino acid (BCAA/AAA) ratios recovered after five or fewer sessions of PE. Two chronic cases, treated for 1 and 4 years, respectively, were good candidates for liver or multiple organ transplantation. Although both died, PE was effective in reducing jaundice and in improving consciousness and general condition. Plasma exchange should be introduced early after assessing the changes in total bilirubin, blood ammonia, and coma grade in patients with acute postoperative liver failure. Plasma exchange could be useful as a chronic hepatic support system for those awaiting liver transplantation.
 ...
PMID:Blood purification for postoperative liver failure with special reference to chronic hepatic support for those awaiting liver transplantation. 175 Nov 73

We assessed nutritional status in 30 patients with pulmonary emphysema and 60 healthy controls. The relationship between nutritional status, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle function was also studied. Anthropometric measures, visceral proteins such as PA and RPB, and the Fischer ratio (BCAA/AAA), an index of imbalance of amino acids were significantly lower in the patients. The incidence of moderately malnourished patients with less than 80% of IBW was 40%. The incidence of hyporetinol-binding protein was 40%. 48% of the patients were found to show an amino acid imbalance. These findings suggested that protein-energy malnutrition in association with amino acid imbalance occurred commonly in patients with pulmonary emphysema. FEV1% correlated significantly with some anthropometric indices and the Fischer ratio. Respiratory muscle function, assessed by P1 max, correlated significantly with some anthropometric indices and grasp strength. These results suggested that the degree of airway obstruction and respiratory muscle function was associated with malnutrition characterized by the reduction of the Fischer ratio.
 ...
PMID:[Nutritional assessment of chronic pulmonary emphysema and the significant relation of malnutrition to pulmonary function and respiratory muscle function]. 221 86

Free amino acid (AA) concentrations in plasma and quadriceps femoris muscle were determined in 19 healthy volunteers and in 16 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Nutritional state was impaired as judged by overt muscle wasting (9/16), triceps skinfold thickness less than 70% of normal in 8/14 (57%), and creatinine-height index below 70% in 5/12 (42%). In the plasma of patients the typical amino acid pattern of cirrhosis was to be observed: Elevation of tyrosine and methionine (p less than 0.01), uniform reduction of branched chain amino acids (p less than 0.001) resulting in a decreased molar ratio of BCAA/AAA from 2.85 +/- 0.05 in normal individuals to 1.35 +/- 0.12 in cirrhotics (p less than 0.001). Levels of the gluconeogenic AA glutamine, glutamate, aspartate, alanine, glycine, threonine, serine and lysine were lowered (p less than 0.05). In muscle of cirrhotics, intracellular AA concentrations exhibited a similar pattern with two major exceptions: Tyrosine and phenylalanine were augmented (p less than 0.001). Surprisingly, BCAA levels were altered heterogeneously; those of gluconeogenic BCAA decreased: Valine from 0.34 +/- 0.03 to 0.20 +/- 0.03 mmol/l (p less than 0.001), isoleucine 0.09 +/- 0.01 to 0.05 +/- 0.02 mmol/l. However, the concentration of ketogenic leucine remained unaltered in muscle. Nevertheless, the molar ratio of BCAA/AAA was considerably reduced from 3.70 +/- 0.04 to 0.81 +/- 0.08 (p less than 0.001). Most of the gluconeogenic AA exhibited reduced intramuscular concentrations, but glutamine levels were normal. The pattern of plasma and muscle free AA in hepatic cirrhosis is thus characterized by accumulation of aromatic AA and by depletion of gluconeogenic AA, especially BCAA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Characteristic pattern of free amino acids in plasma and skeletal muscle in stable hepatic cirrhosis. 231 39

Blood plasma amino acid levels in 10 patients with peritonitis are analyzed. Nonsurvivors, in contrast to survivors, had severe amino acid derangements. Aminoacidemia and amino acid imbalance were registered early in the course of the illness. Increased concentrations of aromatic amino acids: phenylalanine and tyrosine, and low concentrations of branched-chain amino acids: valine, leucine, and isoleucine were associated with a decrease of Fisher's index (BCAA/AAA molar ratio) from 3.0 +/- 0.5 (normal) to 2.0 +/- 0.5 which was of high diagnostic and prognostic significance. The nature of such imbalance and its role in protein derangements are discussed.
 ...
PMID:[The amino acids of the blood in patients with peritonitis: the significance of Fisher's index]. 246 54

The evaluation of nutrition in patients who are candidates for liver transplants often indicates the presence of a state of malnutrition with regard to calories and proteins, which may lead to posterior complications. The transplant reverts the metabolic alterations in cases of good evolution, and there is evidence of a correct hepatic treatment of amino acids in the studies performed. Thus, this group of patients may be treated with a similar nutritional support to that indicated in other types of critical patients. On the other hand, in patients with an unfavourable evolution of the graft, the use of nutritional formulae that take into account an increase in the BCAA/AAA ratio is indicated. However, the high level of metabolic stress in the immediate postoperative period and the need for substrata to favour hepatic regeneration seem to indicate the need for early, aggressive nutritional treatment, which should be accompanied by a correct evaluation of its effect on postoperative evolution.
 ...
PMID:[Nutrition in the liver transplant]. 248 53


1 2 3 4 Next >>