Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162871 (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
 8,664 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mouse resident peritoneal M phi release AAA and metabolize it into cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids, when triggered in vitro with different stimuli. Pretreatment of M phi with nonimmune IFN-alpha and IFN-beta dramatically decreased AA liberation from M phi phospholipids and eicosanoid formation after stimulation of M phi with Zy, A23187, or PMA. M phi exposed to immune IFN-gamma also showed a substantial impairment of both AA liberation and eicosanoid production upon exposure to Zy. However, AA and eicosanoid release was increased by IFN-gamma, rather than depressed, in PMA-triggered M phi. In addition, IFN-gamma showed differential effects on M phi stimulated with A23187. In fact, it inhibited AA release as well as formation of lipoxygenase-derived LTC4, but it highly increased the release of the cyclooxygenase products PGE2 and 6-keto PGF1 alpha. The ability of IFN-gamma to differentially modulate AA metabolism of M phi, depending on the nature of the triggering agent, sets forth the high specificity of the regulatory capacity of this molecule. This is at variance with the down regulation of AA metabolism that is generally observed with nonimmune IFN.
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PMID:Regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism in macrophages by immune and nonimmune interferons. 392 10

Little is known about the presence of common medical pathogens in the human oral cavity. Using a 16S rRNA-based PCR identification method, this study determined the occurrence of Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Bacteroides fragilis and Chlamydia pneumoniae in subgingival plaque from 50 adults with advanced periodontitis. Each patient contributed samples from 3 deep periodontal pockets collected by paper points. The PCR primers were for P. asaccharolytica 5'-CTC TAG CTA GAG TGT ACT GG-3' and 5'-ATA GGG TTT ATA GAT TAG CTC TCT-3', for B. fragilis 5'-AAT GAT TCC GCA TGG TTT CAT TA-3' and 5'-GCG GTG ATT GCT CAC TGA CA-3', and for C. pneumoniae 5'- TGA CAA CTG TAG AAA TAC AGC-3' and 5'-CGC CTC TCT CCT ATA AAT-3'. The primers yielded a single amplicon with the respective reference strains and produced no amplicon with colonies of 25 groups of oral organisms. None of the three test species were detected in any of the 50 pooled subgingival samples tested. P. asaccharyolytica, B. fragilis and C. pneumoniae do not seem to be part of the periodontopathic microbiota in humans.
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PMID:Absence of Porphyromonas asaccharolytica, Bacteroides fragilis and Chlamydia pneumoniae in human subgingival plaque. 957 14

Although the body status of zinc and copper in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been shown to be important little is known about the effect of these trace element alterations on lipolytic enzyme activities in atherosclerosis human subjects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the multiple relationships between lipase (GEH = glycerol ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) activity, zinc, copper and lipid concentrations in serum and the arterial wall of men with atherosclerosis obliterans (AO) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AA). The mean concentrations of zinc and copper in serum were found to be higher in AO in comparison to AA. Low but significant correlation coefficients for zinc and lipase catalytic activity (r > or = 0.64) and lipase metabolic activity GEH/TAG (r > or = 0.67) were calculated in serum in AA. Multiple correlation coefficients (R) for three variables GEH-Zn-Cu were found to be significant for both AO and AA (R > or = 0.45 and 0.68, respectively) in serum but not in the arterial wall. Multiple relations for GEH/TAG-HDL-C (LDLC)-Zn(Cu) were found to be significant (R > or = 0.63) in serum in AA. The results indicate the influence of zinc and copper on the activity of lipase and lipid concentrations and suggest that the multiple relations may provide a better understanding of the role these elements play in atherosclerosis than relations between 2 substances.
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PMID:Serum glycerol ester hydrolase activity is related to zinc and copper concentrations in atherosclerosis obliterans and aneurysm. 963 11

This study was performed to establish optimal nested PCR conditions and a high-yield DNA extraction method for the direct identification of Vibrio vulnificus in clinical specimens. We designed two sets of primers targeting the V. vulnificus hemolysin/cytolysin gene. The target of the first primer set (P1-P2; sense, 5'-GAC-TAT-CGC-ATC-AAC-AAC-CG-3', and antisense, 5'-AGG-TAG-CGA-GTA-TTA-CTG-CC-3', respectively) is a 704-bp DNA fragment. The second set (P3-P4; sense, 5'-GCT-ATT-TCA-CCG-CCG-CTC-AC-3', and antisense, 5'-CCG-CAG-AGC-CGT-AAA-CCG-AA-3', respectively) amplifies an internal 222-bp DNA fragment. We developed a direct DNA extraction method that involved boiling the specimen pellet in a 1 mM EDTA-0.5% Triton X-100 solution. The new DNA extraction method was more sensitive and reproducible than other conventional methods. The DNA extraction method guaranteed sensitivity as well, even when V. vulnificus cells were mixed with other bacteria such as Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus. The nested PCR method could detect as little as 1 fg of chromosomal DNA and single CFU of V. vulnificus. We applied the nested PCR protocol to a total of 39 serum specimens and bulla aspirates from septicemic patients. Seventeen (94.4%) of the 18 V. vulnificus culture-positive specimens were positive by the nested PCR. Eight (42.1%) of the 19 culture-negative samples gave positive nested PCR results.
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PMID:Direct identification of Vibrio vulnificus in clinical specimens by nested PCR. 973 39

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH) is an autosomalrecessive disorder characterized by impaired production of all steroids including glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and sexsteriods. It has recently been reported that mutations in the steriodogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) gene cause CLAH. We analyzed the StAR gene in a Japanese patient with CLAH. The patient was revealed to be a compound heterozygote bearing a nonsense mutation Q258X, changing codon 258 (CAG) encoding Gln to the stop codon TAG, and a novel framshift mutation 840delA resulting from deletion of one of the three adenosines normally present in codon 238 (AAA), thus leading to a frameshift after codon 237 (Thr) in the StAR gene. The patient was also revealed to be homozygous for a novel missense point mutation D203A, changing codon 203 (GAC) encoding Asp to GCC encoding Ala in the StAR gene. To elucidate the significance of the D203A mutation, we analyzed the StAR gene sequence in twenty normal subjects, and found that all of them were homozygous for the D203A mutation, indicating that the D203A mutation is an innocent polymorphism. In conclusion, we have identified a novel frameshift mutation 840delA which seems to cause 840delA and the first polymorphism D203A in the human StAR gene.
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PMID:A novel frameshift mutation 840delA and a novel polymorphism D203A in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein gene in a Japanese patient with congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia. Mutations in brief no. 117. Online. 1021 5

Juvenile polyposis is an uncommon condition characterized by the development of multiple (usually more than 5) juvenile polyps in the gastrointestinal tract, especially in the colon. This disease usually occurs during childhood, and is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. It has been suggested that the dpc4 (deleted in pancreatic carcinoma, locus 4) gene, which is located on chromosome 18q21.1, might cause juvenile polyposis. The dpc4 (smad4) gene is a candidate tumor-suppressor gene and may play a role in the TGF-beta-signaling pathway. To confirm the idea that alterations of the dpc4 gene may result in juvenile polyposis, we screened 5 Korean juvenile-polyposis patients by PCR-SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis and bi-directional sequencing. There were germline mutations of the dpc4 gene in 3 out of the 5 patients: 2 had a genetic alteration in exon 9 and the third had a mutation in exon 8. These germline mutations occurred in the C-terminus of the dpc4 gene, similar to most published mutations. One patient exhibited a non-sense mutation (codon 388), which changed a glutamine codon (CAG) to a stop codon (TAG). The second patient harbored a mis-sense mutation (codon 390), causing a non-conservative amino-acid change <glutamate (GAA) to lysine (AAA)>. The third patient had a mis-sense mutation in exon 8 (codon 361), which altered an arginine codon (CGC) into a histidine codon (CAC).
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PMID:Germline mutations of the dpc4 gene in Korean juvenile polyposis patients. 1079 67

Endovascular therapy (EVT) of thoracic aortic pathologies meanwhile is an established procedure with favourable midterm results in high risk patients. Different stent fabrications are available with defined flexibility, radial attachment force, metallic stent components and membrane porosities. Recent approval of the TAG Excluder (Gore) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was an important step. Endoleaks, paraplegia, stroke and retrograde dissections are the main specific complications. Type I endoleak incidence rates are related to morphological case complexity; primary frequency rates of 0-20% are reported in the literature with 0-5% secondary incidence. Creating an appropriate proximal neck -- if necessary by supra-aortic branch remodelling -- and deliberate left subclavian artery overstenting is the key mechanism to avoid proximal endoleaks. Paraplegia rates are reportedly low with EVT in the range of 0-5%. Risk situations are: cases of rupture with compromised blood pressure, cases with a history of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) exclusion, cases who require total overstenting of the descending thoracic aorta. The role of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage in EVT is not defined. Stroke as consequence of embolizing material from central endoaortic manipulations is almost in the same range as paraplegia, when morphologies in the distal arch are attacked. Retrograde dissection is reported not only after treatment of type B dissection but also after aneurysms. Rigid bare springs and ballooning in cases of type B dissection seem to be involved. In recent reports mortality in elective cases varies between 1.5% and 6.5%. All these data are promising but the proof of longterm durability is still lacking. Further development will show whether or not these preliminary data will translate into longterm success.
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PMID:Stentgrafting of the thoracic aorta-complications. 1579 91

Endovascular stent-grafting holds great potential as a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for thoracic aortic aneurysm. Although there have been several commercially available stent graft systems applied to abdominal aortic aneurysm in the United States, Gore TAG is the only device that is approved by Food and Drug Association (FDA) for thoracic aortic aneurysm repair. Experience of endovascular aneurysm repair by our homemade system and TAG device which is crafted particularly for the thoracic aorta is reported. TAG was successfully delivered to the target region in 137 patients (98%). The aneurysm was successfully excluded by our homemade system in 258 patients (94%). The mortality rates of TAG and our homemade device groups were 2.1 and 3.6% respectively. Postoperative stroke incidence was 1.8% and was more frequent in patients with stent-graft deployed in the region between the landing zone map of Z3 and Z4. The rate of paraplegia/paraparesis with delayed onset was 2.8% in TAG group, and was almost similar in the homemade group (2.6%). The event-free rate of patients treated with stent-graft was low as compared to that of open surgery in 1 and 3 year follow-up period. Endovascular stent-grafting is feasible as one treatment option for thoracic aortic aneurysm. Selection of proper indications, development of the better device and technical improvement are keys to successful stent-grafting.
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PMID:[Endovascular stent-graft repair for thoracic aortic aneurysm]. 1691 May 12

HHV-6 is the etiological agent of Exanthem subitum which is considered the sixth most frequent disease in infancy. In immuno-compromised hosts, reactivation of latent HHV-6 infection may cause severe acute disease. We developed a Sybr Green Real Time PCR for HHV-6 and compared the results with nested conventional PCR. A 214 pb PCR derived fragment was cloned using pGEM-T easy from Promega system. Subsequently, serial dilutions were made in a pool of negative leucocytes from 10-6 ng/microL (equivalent to 2465.8 molecules/microL) to 10-9 (equivalent to 2.46 molecules/microL). Dilutions of the plasmid were amplified by Sybr Green Real Time PCR, using primers HHV3 (5' TTG TGC GGG TCC GTT CCC ATC ATA 3)'and HHV4 (5' TCG GGA TAG AAA AAC CTA ATC CCT 3') and by conventional nested PCR using primers HHV1 (outer): 5'CAA TGC TTT TCT AGC CGC CTC TTC 3'; HHV2 (outer): 5' ACA TCT ATA ATT TTA GAC GAT CCC 3'; HHV3 (inner) and HHV4 (inner) 3'. The detection threshold was determined by plasmid serial dilutions. Threshold for Sybr Green real time PCR was 24.6 molecules/microL and for the nested PCR was 2.46 molecules/microL. We chose the Real Time PCR for diagnosing and quantifying HHV-6 DNA from samples using the new Sybr Green chemistry due to its sensitivity and lower risk of contamination.
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PMID:Optimization of the Sybr Green real time PCR for the detection of Human Herpes Virus type 6 (HHV-6). 1832 91

The tufted deer Elaphodus cephalophus are endangered animals in the world and little is understood about their mitochondrial (mt) genome. In our study, the mt genome of the tufted deer is identified--which is about 16 kb in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and a non-coding sequence (control region). The distinguishing feature is that GTG is the start codon of the NADH4L gene and the cyt b gene has a subterminal AAA followed by the stop codon TAG. According to 12 H strand protein-coding genes and phylogenetic analysis, Elaphodus may have a sister relationship with another deer group Muntiacus.
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PMID:Identification of complete mitochondrial genome of the tufted deer. 1946 15


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