Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0162871 (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
 8,664 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are known to exhibit aryl acylamidase activities (here called AAA(AChe) and AAA(BChe), respectively), which have been suggested to be involved in developmental and pathological processes. We here have investigated the developmental profiles of both AAA(AChe) and AAA(BChe) activities along with their AChE and BChE activities from embryonic days E3 to hatching (E21) in Triton-extracted homogenates from chicken embryonic brains. AAA(AChe) follows continuously an increase that is typical for AChE expression itself, whereas AAA(BChe) was relatively high before E10 to then become negligible toward hatching. Sucrose gradient centrifugation of both homogenized and immunopurified samples from E6-E18 brains showed that all globular forms (G1, G2, G4) of AChE present AAA(AChe) activity. Interestingly, the ratio of AAA(AChe) to AChE is highest at E6, and here again higher on G1/G2- over the G4-form. Noticeably, the sensitivity of AAA(AChe) toward the specific AChE inhibitor BW284c51 at all stages is higher than that of AChE itself. These data of high ratios of AAA associated at young stages with cholinesterases strongly indicate a role of AAA in early brain development.
 ...
PMID:Aryl acylamidase activity on acetylcholinesterase is high during early chicken brain development. 1532 88

Cavendish banana (Musa Cavendishi, subgroup AAA) remains green upon ripening at tropical temperature (25-30 degrees C), due to incomplete degradation of chlorophyll (Chl). Earlier, evidence for the existence of two distinct degradative pathways--chlorophyllase and chlorophyll oxidase pathways in these bananas was provided. Here, an attempt has been made to understand further the mechanism of inhibition of Chl degradation at different stages of ripening and detecting various enzyme activities by partial purification. Soluble and Triton-solubilized protein fractions obtained from peel acetone powder from green-unripe, green-ripe and yellow-ripe bananas efficiently degraded Chl a. About 2-fold increase in Chl hydrolyzing/oxidizing and magnesium-dechelatase activities was observed in ripe, as compared to green-unripe bananas. The electrophoretic pattern of the soluble and detergent-solubilized proteins from the three stages of ripening revealed that the latter fraction contained only three slow moving proteins, which were found to be glycoproteins, as revealed in PAS staining. The soluble enzyme fraction contained all other bands along with the above three bands, as observed in the Native-PAGE of DEAE-Sepharose purified fractions. Only soluble fraction from 'green-ripe' bananas, catalyzed formation of an unknown intermediate (retention time 8.6 min), which was formed by the action of Triton-solubilized enzyme fractions, obtained from 'green-unripe' and 'yellow-ripe' bananas. The enzyme responsible for the formation of this intermediate might be involved in the stay-green character and could be a component of Chl oxidase pathway. Partial purification of soluble protein fraction by DEAE-Sepharose showed the presence of chlorophyllase, magnesium-dechelatase, pheophorbide a oxygenase, red fluorescent catabolite reductase and Chl oxidase. Native PAGE of pooled fractions showed separation of proteins in different bands. Pooled fractions IV and VI showed the presence of a single major band, resulting in almost a homogenous preparation in a single step. Fraction IV catalyzed dechelation of Mg by Mg-dechelatase, while fraction VI catalyzed the formation of 132-OH-Chl a by chlorophyll oxidase. Chlorophyll oxidase activity was stimulated by linolenic acid, indicating involvement of lipoxygenase in oxidative Chl degradation, thereby resulting in the formation of 13(2)-OH-Chl a as product. The results show the presence of various enzymes of chlorophyllase and chlorophyll oxidase pathways in soluble enzyme fraction.
 ...
PMID:Partial purification of chlorophyll degrading enzymes from cavendish banana (Musa Cavendishi). 2290 Mar 46