Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162871 (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
 8,664 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A dual tracer technique using 111In labeled platelets and 99mTc labeled human serum albumin was applied to evaluate the in vivo thrombogenicity in 12 cases with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and the effect of antiplatelet drug on the thrombogenicity. The magnitude of platelet accumulation at AAA was expressed as the ratio of radioactivity of 111In platelets on the vascular wall to those in the blood pool (PAI; platelet accumulation index). Of the 12 patients with AAA, 11 had positive studies on baseline imaging and 1 had equivocally positive image. The PAI value (Mean +/- SD) over the AAA was 53.8 +/- 34.1% as compared to -8.6 +/- 4.4% in the control group (p less than 0.01). Seven patients with an AAA and positive baseline images were restudied during platelet active drug with 325 mg of aspirin. During treatment with aspirin, of 7 patients, 5 had positive images, of which 3 were decreased and others unchanged compared to baseline studies, 1 equivocally positive one and one negative one. The PAI value during treatment (21.9 +/- 18.6%) was significantly decreased compared to those in baseline study (52.1 +/- 23.9%). Our results suggest that the method used for platelet imaging in the present study may be useful for studying the in vivo thrombogenicity and the effect of platelet active drugs in AAA.
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PMID:[Platelet accumulation in abdominal aortic aneurysms and the effect of antiplatelet drugs: assessment by indium platelet scintigraphy]. 164 Jun 49

Three patients, two women, one man (mean age 74 years), who had abdominal aortic aneurysms (2) or aortobifemoral surgery (1), developed chylous ascites postoperatively. They were studied to determine their clinical course and develop a plan for management of this complication. In each patient, the ascites was not manifest until abdominal swelling developed two weeks after operation, and the problem was confirmed by the finding of milky fluid on paracentesis. A low serum albumin (mean 2.6 gm) was also characteristic. The ascites was not altered by parenteral nutrition or reduction of dietary fat and ingestion of medium chain triglycerides. In one patient (man, age 93) the ascites resolved spontaneously two months after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Another (woman, age 70) was cured following operative ligation of a lymphatic fistula identified at operation five weeks after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. In the third (woman, age 60), the ascites resolved immediately following placement of a peritoneal venous shunt six weeks after an aortobifemoral bypass. Chylous ascites is rare after aortic surgery and manifests itself about two weeks after operation, at times after discharge from hospital. It has an indolent course, but may resolve spontaneously up to two months after operation. Its course appears not to be foreshortened by diet, including omission of fat, but can be successfully treated surgically with a shunt or fistula ligation. If done early a protracted hospital course may be avoided.
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PMID:Chylous ascites following abdominal aortic surgery. 206 18

Although epidemiological studies have shown that malnutrition is associated with the reactivation and development of pulmonary tuberculosis, little is known about their nutritional status. We studied comprehensive profile of their nutritional status. We also studied the effects of malnutrition on cell-mediated immunity in tuberculosis patients. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurements and biochemical examinations, and cell-mediated immunity was evaluated by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, lymphocyte transformation and natural killer (NK) activity in 47 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and 47 healthy controls. Cytokine production including IL-2, IL-1 was also examined. Anthropometrics and visceral proteins were significantly lower in tuberculosis patients. Fischer ratio (BCAA/AAA), an index of plasma amino acids imbalance, was significantly (p less than 0.01) lower in the patients. DTH to 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene and lymphocytes transformation were attenuated in the patients. NK activity was reduced in patients with severe pulmonary tuberculosis. The patient subgroup with reduced DTH was more malnourished than another one with normal DTH. The Fischer ratio correlated significantly with lymphocyte transformation response and visceral proteins and BCAA correlated with NK activity. IL-2 production was remarkably reduced in the patient subgroup whose serum albumin was less than 3.5 g/dl. IL-1 production was remarkably reduced in the patient subgroup whose serum albumin was less than 2.5 g/dl. Patient subgroup whose serum albumin level was more than 2.5 g/dl and less than 3.5 g/dl, produced remarkably more IL-1 than those whose serum albumin was more than 3.5 g/dl. These results suggested that malnutrition characterized by the reduction of the Fischer ratio was associated with impairment of cell-mediated immunity and cytokine production in pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Relation between malnutrition and cell-mediated immunity in pulmonary tuberculosis]. 281 Oct

The paper deals with methodical aspects of protein amidation study. Critical review of some methodical procedures described in literature has been made. Presence of catalytic activity in medical drugs of serum albumin, human gamma-globulin--as well as in commercial drugs of bovine serum albumin have been detected by means of amino acid analysis (automatic analyzer of amino acids AAA-339T).
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PMID:[Methodologic aspects of research on amidation of protein molecules]. 753 5

Albumin Ortonovo is a slow moving variant of human serum albumin which has been found only in people coming from the small villages of Ortonovo and Nicola (Liguria, Italy) and reaches polymorphic frequency (> or = 1%) in the poorly admixed population group living in that area. This is the first report of a 'private' variant detected in a Caucasian population. It probably originated as a mutation in a founder individual many generations ago. Isoelectric focusing analysis of CNBr fragments from the purified variant localized the mutation in fragment CNBr VI (residues 447-548). This fragment was isolated on a preparative scale by reversed-phase HPLC and subjected to V8 proteinase digestion. Sequence analysis of the abnormal V8 peptide revealed that the variant arises from a previously unreported substitution at position 505 where glutamic acid has been replaced by lysine. The protein data were confirmed by DNA sequence analysis which indicated a single nucleotide change of GAA-->AAA in the corresponding codon of the structural gene. Since the amino acid substitution found in albumin Ortonovo accords with its electrophoretic mobility on cellulose acetate, residue 505 is probably exposed to the solvent. The clustering of the mutations in the intersubdomain connection linking subdomains IIIA and IIIB (residues 492-511) accords with the fact that this region lies on the molecular surface and is accessible to solvent.
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PMID:Protein and DNA sequence analysis of a 'private' genetic variant: albumin Ortonovo (Glu-505-->Lys). 790 34

The effect of decreased colloid oncotic pressure, as seen in hypoalbuminemia and hypoproteinemia, upon intestinal function has been well delineated in the surgical literature. Patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm resection or aortoiliac or aortofemoral bypass grafts are almost uniformly hypoalbuminemic postoperatively; with these two facts in mind, a prospective, randomized clinical study was undertaken to identify the role of serum albumin concentration on the length of postoperative ileus in this population. The main hypothesis was that patients whose albumin levels dropped below 3.5 gm/dL would have a more prolonged postoperative hospital course as a result of delay in return of bowel function when compared with those patients in whom the low albumin levels were exogenously acutely replenished to > 3.5 gm/dL. Albumin was replaced to a level greater-than or equal to 3.5 g/dL in one group of 37 patients (AR), with a control group of 32 patients (NR) not receiving any albumin. Return of bowel function was measured by the postoperative day that flatus was documented, as well as the postoperative day oral intake was resumed. Mean values were determined for each group, and t tests did not reveal a significant difference in postoperative day of flatus (AR mean = 4.06 days, NR mean = 4.16 days) or postoperative day of oral intake (AR mean = 4.0, NR mean = 3.75). Additional comparisons between the groups involving the number of postoperative days until a regular diet was begun (AR mean = 6.06, NR mean = 5.48) and length of postoperative hospital stay (AR mean = 9.16, NR mean = 8.43) failed to reveal significant differences.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Oncotic pressure, albumin and ileus: the effect of albumin replacement on postoperative ileus. 823

Nutritional assessment was conducted in 30 patients with chronic, intractable pulmonary tuberculosis. More prevalent and severer protein-energy malnutrition was found in the chronic patients compared with that in newly-diagnosed, drug-sensitive tuberculous bacilli-excreting patients. Duration of excreting bacilli in 163 newly-diagnosed patients was found to be significantly associated with ChE, hypersensitivity reaction to PPD, lymphocytes transformation response to ConA before treatment. The grade of malnutrition was significantly associated with the reduction in delayed-type hypersensitivity response, ratio of CD4/CD8, IL-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and NK cell activity. Nutritional and immunological spectrum, which was classified with the combination of serum albumin level, hypersensitivity response to DNCB and NK cell activity, was significantly associated with clinical course and manifestations in patients with chronic, intractable pulmonary tuberculosis. TNF-alpha production by peripheral blood monocytes was significantly higher in moderately to mildly-malnourished tuberculous patients than that in healthy controls. TNF-alpha production in patients with severely-malnourished patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. Level in TNF-alpha production was inversely related with visceral proteins and the ratio of plasma amino acid BCAA/AAA. In conclusion these findings suggested that nutritional support should be taken in consideration in combination with conventional chemotherapy in treating chronic, intractable pulmonary tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Nutritional status and support in chronic intractable pulmonary tuberculosis]. 880 70

BACKGROUND: In an elderly population of surgical patients, poor mobility, poor diet and chronic disease contribute to a significant risk of malnutrition. Malnutrition is associated with muscle weakness, fatigue, poor wound healing and immunological dysfunction. The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence of malnutrition in vascular surgical patients and to compare postoperative infection rates in well nourished and malnourished patients. METHODS: A nutritional assessment was performed on 71 patients (49 men; median age 65 (range 26-85) years) attending preassessment for vascular surgical procedures. Nutritional status was measured using validated indicators of malnutrition: estimated weight changes over 3 months; body mass index; mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) calculated using triceps skin fold thickness (TSF) and mid-arm circumference (MAC) (MAMC = MAC - (3.14 x TSF)); and serum albumin concentration. Fifty-nine patients were followed after vascular surgery. The incidence of postoperative infections was related to preoperative nutritional status. RESULTS: Nineteen patients (27 per cent) had normal values for all nutritional indicators examined. The remaining 52 patients (73 per cent) had one (37), two (12), three (two) or four (one) nutritional indicators within the range for malnutrition. Among the 59 patients who underwent surgery there were five chest infections, seven wound infections, one urinary tract infection and one infected central line in 13 patients following six femorodistal bypasses, four abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs and three miscellaneous arterial procedures. The incidence of septic complications was zero in 14 patients with normal nutritional indicators and 41 per cent (13 of 32) in patients with indicators of malnutrition (P < 0.05, Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is prevalent among vascular patients and may contribute to postoperative morbidity. Malnourished patients should be identified and referred to the dietician at the earliest opportunity to minimize the morbid effects of undernutrition.
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PMID:Vascular surgical society of great britain and ireland: contribution of malnutrition to postoperative morbidity in vascular surgical patients 1036 Dec 8

AA amyloidosis is a relatively rare disease which complicates chronic inflammatory diseases, chronic infections, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and malignant diseases. Although amyloid deposition may be found in many organs, renal involvement dominates the clinical picture. We reviewed 63 patients with AA amyloidosis who presented to our nephrology department between 1995 and 2000. Prognostic markers, detailed history, physical examination and laboratory tests were evaluated. The causes of AA amyloidosis were as follows: FMF 42 (66.6%), pulmonary tuberculosis 9 (14.2%), chronic osteomyelitis 4 (6.3%), bronchiectasia 4 (6.3%), rheumatoid arthritis 1 (1.5%), juvenile idiopathic arthritis 1 (1.5%), inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm 1 (1.5 %), unknown aetiology 1 (1.5%). The diagnosis was made on renal biopsies in 63.4% of the patients, while the remaining 36.6% were diagnosed as a result of rectal biopsies. Sixteen patients died. A low serum albumin, high creatinine and high 24-hour urine albumin excretion were associated with high mortality.
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PMID:Clinical and biochemical outcome of renal amyloidosis. 1213 41

To investigate the role of the prevacuolar secretion pathway in the trafficking of vacuolar proteins in Candida albicans, the C. albicans homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar protein sorting gene VPS4 was cloned and analyzed. Candida albicans VPS4 encodes a deduced AAA-type ATPase that is 75.6% similar to S. cerevisiae Vps4p, and plasmids bearing C. albicans VPS4 complemented the abnormal vacuolar morphology and carboxypeptidase missorting in S. cerevisiae vps4 null mutants. Candida albicans vps4Delta null mutants displayed a characteristic class E vacuolar morphology and multilamellar structures consistent with an aberrant prevacuolar compartment. The C. albicans vps4Delta mutant degraded more extracellular bovine serum albumin than did wild-type strains, which implied that this mutant secreted more extracellular protease activity. These phenotypes were complemented when a wild-type copy of VPS4 was reintroduced into its proper locus. Using a series of protease inhibitors, the origin of this extracellular protease activity was identified as a serine protease, and genetic analyses using a C. albicans vps4Deltaprc1Delta mutant identified this missorted vacuolar protease as carboxypeptidase Y. Unexpectedly, C. albicans Sap2p was not detected in culture supernatants of the vps4Delta mutants. These results indicate that C. albicans VPS4 is required for vacuolar biogenesis and proper sorting of vacuolar proteins.
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PMID:A functional analysis of the Candida albicans homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae VPS4. 1750 30


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