Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162871 (abdominal aortic aneurysm)
 8,664 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analogue of Hoechst 33258, bearing a phenolic hydroxyl group in the meta rather than para position, was designed using molecular graphics to introduce hydrogen-bonding potentials between this OH group and the C = O group of cytosine-9 and the NH2 group of guanine-4', of the opposite strand of the B-DNA duplex, d(CGCGAATTCGCG)2. This derivative (meta-Hoechst) was synthesized in seven steps and characterized. Its binding to DNA was assessed by measurements of melting temperatures (Tm) and found to be similar in strength and AT preference to the parent Hoechst 33258 at this gross level. The AT preference of meta-Hoechst and Hoechst 33258 was probed further using hydroxyl radical footprinting on the tyrT DNA fragment, for which clear footprints were detected at AAT, AAA and ATAT runs, as for netropsin and distamycin. Hydroxyl radical footprinting was carried out on a trimer of CGCGAATTCGCG cloned into a longer DNA fragment, for which clear footprints for both Hoechst 33258 and meta-Hoechst were detected in regions with four or more contiguous AT base pairs. Three cell lines derived from haematological malignancies were more sensitive to both Hoechst 33258 and meta Hoechst than lines derived from solid tumours, but there was no significant difference between the activity of these two Hoechst derivatives.
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PMID:Synthesis, DNA binding, footprinting and in vitro antitumour studies of a meta-hydroxy analogue of Hoechst 33258. 757 88

Treatment of B6C3F1 mice with concentrations of 62.5-625 p.p.m. 1,3-butadiene by inhalation for up to 2 years causes a significantly increased incidence of Harderian gland (HG) neoplasms over untreated controls (Melnick,R., Huff,J., Chou,B.J. and Miller,R.A. Cancer Res., 50, 6592-6599, 1990). Since a specific K-ras mutation (codon 13 GGC-->CGC) had previously been described in lung and liver tumors from 1,3-butadiene-treated B6C3F1 mice, we analyzed 23 adenomas and six adenocarcinomas of the HG from mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene for this mutation and mutations in the H-ras gene. We also examined ras activation in 16 spontaneously occurring HG adenomas and one adenocarcinoma. DNA samples were prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues and analyzed by PCR followed by direct sequencing methods. Only one 1,3-butadiene-induced HG tumor contained the K-ras codon 13 mutation previously detected in lung and liver tumors. However, 16/29 HG tumors from the treated B6C3F1 mice contained H-ras codon 61 mutations. The mutations detected were: 12 CAA-->CGA transitions, two CAA-->CTA and two CAA-->AAA transversions. Eleven of 17 spontaneous HG tumors contained mutations in H-ras codon 61: five CAA-->CGA transitions, two CAA-->CTA transversions and four CAA-->AAA transversions. While the spectrum of ras mutations did not differ between the spontaneously occurring and chemically induced tumors, these data indicate that activation of H-ras contributes to the process of HG tumorigenesis in both groups of these neoplasms.
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PMID:Activation of H-ras is prevalent in 1,3-butadiene-induced and spontaneously occurring murine Harderian gland tumors. 795 23

Renal carcinoma (RCA) presenting in association with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is extremely rare, with only sporadic case reports previously described. The management of six cases of AAA and concomitant RCA presenting to a single institution from March, 1991 through December, 1993 was reviewed and management options considered. AAAs ranged in size from 4.5-7.0 cm (mean, 5.6 cm). Three left renal carcinomas were resected via a retroperitoneal approach simultaneous to repair of the AAA. One right renal carcinoma was resected in combination with repair of an AAA through a transperitoneal approach. The fifth case was managed by left nephrectomy, followed by interval aneurysmectomy, and the sixth case was managed by nonsurgical methods because of the presence of widely metastatic disease. Renal malignancies included five renal cell carcinomas and one transitional cell carcinoma. Three patients remain free of disease 8-11 months postoperatively, and one patient had metastatic disease detected 19 months postoperatively. Two deaths have occurred; one due to a massive CVA 1 month following a combined aneurysmectomy and left nephrectomy, and a second due to unknown etiology in the patient managed non-surgically. No peripheral vascular or aortic graft related complications have occurred. The treatment of AAA and RCA should be governed by the size of the AAA, the location of the cancer, and the extent of malignant disease. Simultaneous resection is safe and effective in patients with coexistent AAA and renal cancer. Left sided tumors should be resected via a retroperitoneal approach that also provides excellent exposure for simultaneous AAA resection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Coexistent abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal carcinoma: management options. 799 75

In a retrospective study, 155 patients operated for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm during a 5.5-year period (jan. 1986-->oct. 1991) were reviewed. In our series, 111 patients underwent elective (EL) surgery, 44 patients had an emergency (EM) operation. Male/female ratio was 10/1. Mean age in the EL group and EM was 68.1 years and 71.82 years respectively (p < 0.05). In the EL group, 68 (= 61%) patients were asymptomatic. All patients in the EM group had symptoms: shock + syncope in 28 patients, acute back pain in 4 patients, acute abdominal pain in 12 patients. Aneurysm diameter > or = 8 cm was present in 33% of the EL group, but in 57% of the EM group. Early mortality for the EL and EM group was 3.6% and 23% respectively (p < 0.001). Major postoperative complications were present in 13% in the EL group, in 55% in the EM group (p < 0.001). During a 5-year follow-up of 135 patients (= 96%), 22 patients died. Cardiac problems (7/22) and cancer (5/22) were most prominent. 5-year survival for the entire group was 83%; EL (85%) and EM (76%) were not significant. None of the patients subsequently underwent an operation related to the abdominal aortic intervention.
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PMID:Abdominal aortic aneurysm, an absolute surgical indication? 805 96

Selecting the most appropriate surgical approach for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and gastrointestinal malignancy remains controversial. In an attempt to develop guidelines for the management of patients with these two simultaneous lesions, a retrospective review of patients who had concomitant AAA and gastrointestinal malignancy was undertaken. During the period from January 1985 to February 1993, 229 patients with AAA were admitted to our hospital. Among these, 19 patients (8%) had a gastrointestinal malignancy together with AAA and were divided into 2 groups. Group I was composed of 11 patients who underwent either a 1- or a 2-stage operation for both lesions. Group II was composed of eight patients who either underwent an operation for one lesion (six patients) or did not have any operation (two patients). Among group I, six patients underwent the two-stage operation. In four of the six patients, the malignancy was resected first. In the remaining two patients, the aneurysmectomy was performed first, because, in one patient, the aneurysm was more than 6 cm in diameter, and, in the other patient, the aneurysm was a saccular type. Among group I, five patients (two patients with gastric cancer, and one patient each with esophageal cancer, rectal cancer, and malignant lymphoma of the stomach) underwent a one-stage operation. In three of the five patients (two patients with gastric cancer and one patient with esophageal cancer), simultaneous resection was carried out by using segregated approaches, namely, the retroperitoneal approach for AAA and the transperitoneal approach for malignancy. Although the clinical characteristics of the patients were different, 8 of the 11 patients (73%) in group I are still alive, whereas only 1 of the 8 patients (13%) in group II is still alive. The principles of our surgical approaches for concomitant AAA and gastrointestinal malignancy are as follows: (1) The lesion that absolutely indicated urgent surgery was resected first. (2) If both lesions were asymptomatic, the malignancy was resected first. (3) Simultaneous resection using different approaches was useful in some patients with concomitant upper early gastrointestinal malignancy. (4) Both lesions need to be resected eventually for better long-term survival.
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PMID:Management of concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm and gastrointestinal malignancy. 835 99

Previous reports from several laboratories have consistently shown that approximately 30% of spontaneous hepatocellular adenomas and 70-80% of spontaneous hepatocellular carcinomas found in aged B6C3F1 [C57BL/6 (liver tumor resistant) x C3H (liver tumor susceptible)] male mice contain one of three missense point mutations in codon 61 of the H-ras oncogene, CAA-->AAA, CGA or CTA. Irrespective of subline, the C3H mouse, the paternal parent strain of the B6C3F1 hybrid, is more susceptible to spontaneous liver tumorigenesis than the B6C3F1 mouse. However, the role of H-ras in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular tumors in C3H mice is less clear, as widely different frequencies of activation of this gene, but by the same point mutations in codon 61, have been reported by various laboratories. The present study was undertaken to characterize H-ras involvement in hepatocellular tumors of aged C3H/He mice from the NCI-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center Colony (C3H/HeNCr). Oncogene activation was evaluated in 45 C3H/HeNCr hepatocellular tumors by the NIH 3T3 transfection assays, and point mutations in the H-ras oncogene were detected and characterized in DNA fragments amplified by PCR, using dot blot hybridization analysis with mutation-specific oligonucleotide probes and direct dideoxy sequencing of PCR products. The only transforming gene detected in these tumors by NIH 3T3 transfection was H-ras. Only 17% (1/6) of spontaneous carcinomas and 8% (3/39) of spontaneous adenomas contained transforming H-ras sequences, each with a point mutation in codon 61. In all four cases with H-ras mutations, mutated sequences comprised a minor fraction of total H-ras gene copies in DNA extracted from primary tumors. H-ras mutations thus appear to have arisen relatively late in the pathogenesis of the neoplasms. For comparison, sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded hepatocellular tumors that occurred in untreated B6C3F1 hybrid mice sired by C3H/HeNCr males were assayed for the same H-ras mutations by PCR and dot blot hybridization. Nine of 13 such tumors (4/6 carcinomas, 5/7 adenomas) were positive. The overall difference in frequency of H-ras codon 61 mutations in hepatocellular tumors in C3H/HeNCr (4/45) versus B6C3F1 (9/13) was highly significant (P = 0.000035, Fisher's exact test). These data indicate that point mutations in H-ras do not generally play a major or an initiating role in spontaneous hepatocarcinogenesis of inbred C3H/HeNCr mice and contrast with the high rate of ras mutations in liver tumors of the B6C3F1 hybrid.
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PMID:Low frequency of H-ras activation in naturally occurring hepatocellular tumors of C3H/HeNCr mice. 840 22

Between January 1980 and June 1990 we treated 21 patients with invasive carcinoma of the bladder and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Three distinct groups of patients were identified. Group 1 comprised 8 patients who were initially diagnosed with invasive bladder cancer and during cancer staging a concomitant abdominal aortic aneurysm was found. Group 2 consisted of 10 patients previously treated for invasive bladder cancer who had aneurysmal disease at a later date. Group 3 included 3 patients who underwent a previous aneurysm repair and subsequently had invasive carcinoma of the bladder. Total survival was 9 of 21 patients (43%) with a mean of 84 months of followup after initial diagnosis. This finding is comparable to long-term (greater than 5 years) survival in patients with invasive carcinoma of the bladder alone. In fact, none of the 21 patients studied experienced rupture of the aneurysm and/or died of aneurysmal disease. We found that patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and invasive bladder cancer have a poor overall prognosis. Although aneurysm repair presents technical challenges, mortality is dependent upon the carcinoma and other vascular or medical diseases, and does not bear direct relationship to abdominal aortic aneurysm.
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PMID:Management of abdominal aortic aneurysm and invasive transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. 843 49

The surgical approach for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and coexistent abdominal malignancy remains controversial. We report herein three cases of coincident AAA and early gastric cancer, all of whom were treated by a two-stage operation and underwent curative surgery for their gastric cancer. The principles of our surgical approach are as follows: (1) the lesion which requires urgent surgery should be operated on first, and if both lesions show absolute indications, a one-stage surgical procedure should then be performed; (2) a two-stage surgical procedure in which aneurysmectomy is performed first should be undertaken when no absolute indications for urgent surgery exist for either lesion; (3) a one-stage surgical procedure should only be performed when surgery on one lesion makes the other lesion highly dangerous; and (4) in patients with a poor prognosis because of far advanced cancer in whom the AAA shows no sign of rupturing, only a gastrectomy should be performed.
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PMID:The coexistence of abdominal aortic aneurysm and early gastric cancer: report of three cases. 846 66

The incidence of intra-abdominal diseases associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm is increasing, and it is difficult to decide whether to operate the abdominal disease first, the aneurysm first or both simultaneously. Variables used in decision analysis include type, stage and life expectancy of the cancer, rupture rate of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Symptomatic lesion should be treated first. Absolute indication for operation initially on the aneurysm is the presence of symptoms of rupture. Aortic abdominal aneurysmectomy combined with surgical removal of an intestinal disease may present severe risks as infection of the graft and anastomotic leakage, especially during lower abdominal surgery. In this paper authors present four cases of AAA which had intra-abdominal surgical disease. They were treated by one-stage operation with no complications. Criteria to assess timing of surgical treatment of abdominal surgical diseases concomitant to AAA are discussed.
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PMID:[Surgery of abdominal aortic aneurysm and concomitant disease of the digestive tract]. 858 9

Ischemic colitis is an infrequent but potentially devastating complication of abdominal aortic reconstruction. Identification of patients with predisposing risk factors for the development of ischemic colitis can guide intraoperative measures to preserve or restore colonic blood flow during aortic surgery. Previous radiation therapy for pelvic malignancy may be one such predisposing risk factor. Two cases are presented in which ischemic colitis complicated abdominal aortic reconstruction in the setting of previous pelvic irradiation. In the months after radiation therapy for prostate cancer, one patient underwent infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Ischemic infarction of the sigmoid colon developed acutely after surgery and required emergent sigmoid colectomy. The second patient underwent reconstruction of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm after having had radiation therapy for a bladder tumor. Despite an initial satisfactory result, the patient's abdominal pain and diarrhea progressively worsened and he eventually required sigmoid colectomy for severe ischemic colitis. In both of these patients, the inferior mesenteric arteries were patent and had not been reimplanted. The association of pelvic radiation therapy with ischemic colitis after aortic reconstruction should focus attention to the operative details for maintaining the colonic circulation in these patients. Reimplantation of the inferior mesenteric artery in particular may prevent both the acute and the insidious variants of this complication in patients who undergo aortic surgery and decrease the incidence of this complication in patients with a history of radiation therapy to the pelvis.
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PMID:Pelvic radiation therapy as a risk factor for ischemic colitis complicating abdominal aortic reconstruction. 862 9


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