Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162473 (Frey)
 2,599 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have used the Incomplete Factorial Approach (Carter, C. W., and Carter, C. W., Jr. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 12219-12223) in conjunction with the program Cristal (Roussel, A., Serre, L., Frey M., and Fontecilla-Camps, J. (1990) J. Crystal Growth 106, 405-409) to crystallize six different proteins. We were able to obtain crystals and to identify the critical factors for crystallization for each of these six proteins. In some of the cases, we succeeded on the first try while using only minute amounts of protein. This study proves that the Incomplete Factorial Approach is a powerful tool in identifying the factors that need to be varied to achieve crystallization. Single crystals of adequate size were obtained for all the proteins reported here, although some did not diffract well enough to be studied by x-ray diffraction methods; the asymmetric units of these latter crystals contain a large metric units of these latter crystals contain a large number of molecules, which is most likely due to the presence of significant amounts of carbohydrate in the proteins.
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PMID:Systematic use of the incomplete factorial approach in the design of protein crystallization experiments. 193 74

Each one case of the pectoralis quartus and the pectoralis intermedius muscles was found on the left thoracic wall in a 73 year old male and on the right thoracic wall in a 57 year old female respectively. The pectoralis quartus was a thin muscle of triangular shape, the base of which was the origin arising from the left thoracic wall at the level of the 6th rib between the pectoralis major and the latissimus dorsi, being separated from both margins of the muscles. The aberrant muscle ascended left-upwards about 10 cm to insert to the inner surface of the pectoralis major near its lower margin. The muscle was innervated by the most caudal pectoral nerve, passing around the lower margin of the pectoralis minor. The pectoralis quartus is extremely rare in man, and only two cases were reported by Bluntschli (1906) and Frey (1921). From the comparative anatomical point of view, the pectoralis quartus muscle was supposed to be a remnant of the ventral part of the subcutaneous trunci muscle in lower mammals, differing from the ordinary muscular arch of the axilla which was believed to derive from the dorso-cranial part of the muscle. The pectoralis intermedius was located in the deep layer of the right pectoralis major, lying about 2 cm below the lower margin of the pectoralis minor. It arose in the 4th and 5th ribs and extended right-upwards, running almost parallel with the pectoralis minor. The origin of the pectoralis minor shifted cranially to the 2nd and 3rd ribs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Case reports on the pectoralis quartus and the pectoralis intermedius muscles]. 195 Apr 33

The human soleus muscle is considered a specialized muscle in terms of its origin, insertion and muscle fibre architecture (especially with regard to the existence of the bipenniform part). Its peculiarities have been understood as results of erect posture and bipedal walking (Frey, 1913). Sekiya (1991) pointed out that another feature of the human soleus muscle the nerve supply, i.e. the muscle received two kinds of nerves, the anterior branch (R. anterior) and the posterior branch (R. posterior); the former supplied the bipenniform part at the anterior surface of the muscle and communicated with the R. posterior within the muscle. In nonhuman primates, the soleus muscle has no bipenniform part and the nerve, identical with the R. anterior to the human soleus muscle, is unknown. The purpose of the present study is to clarify the pattern of the nerve supply to the soleus muscle in the chimpanzee, with special reference to the intramuscular distribution of the nerves and to discuss the origin of the R. anterior to the human soleus muscle from a comparative anatomical point of view. Six soleus muscles from three chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) were examined under a stereomicroscope to clarify the intramuscular distribution of nerves supplying these muscles. The nerves supplying the soleus muscle were classified into three types according to the sites of their entry into the muscle. The first group nerve was the thickest of all nerves innervating the muscle, entered the muscle at the posterior surface of the proximal third and was considered as homologous with the R. posterior in the human.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Intramuscular distribution of nerves supplying the soleus muscle in the chimpanzee]. 195 Apr 36

Partial nerve injury is the main cause of causalgiform pain disorders in humans. We present here a novel animal model of this condition. In rats we unilaterally ligated about half of the sciatic nerve high in the thigh. Within a few hours after the operation, and for several months thereafter, the rats developed guarding behavior of the ipsilateral hind paw and licked it often, suggesting the possibility of spontaneous pain. The plantar surface of the foot was evenly hyperesthetic to non-noxious and noxious stimuli. None of the rats autotomized. There was a sharp decrease in the withdrawal thresholds bilaterally in response to repetitive Von Frey hair stimulation at the plantar side. After a series of such stimuli in the operated side, light touch elicited aversive responses, suggesting allodynia to touch. The withdrawal thresholds to CO2 laser heat pulses were markedly lowered bilaterally. Suprathreshold noxious heat pulses elicited exaggerated responses unilaterally, suggesting thermal hyperalgesia. Pin-prick evoked such exaggerated responses bilaterally (mechanical hyperalgesia). In a companion report, we show that these abnormalities critically depend on the sympathetic outflow. Based on the immediate onset and long-lasting perpetuation of similar symptoms, such as touch-evoked allodynia and hyperalgesia, and the resemblance of the contralateral phenomena to 'mirror image' pains in some humans with causalgia, we suggest that this preparation may serve as a model for syndromes of the causalgiform variety that are triggered by partial nerve injury and maintained by sympathetic activity.
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PMID:A novel behavioral model of neuropathic pain disorders produced in rats by partial sciatic nerve injury. 198 47

Parotidectomy may be associated with a significant depression in the retromandibular region and a significant incidence of gustatory sweating (Frey's syndrome). Superiorly and inferiorly based sternocleidomastoid flaps and posterior plication of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system were evaluated for their ability to ameliorate both consequences. Sixteen patients with sternocleidomastoid flaps and 16 patients with superficial musculoaponeurotic system plication were compared to a control group of 104 patients. The incidence of Frey's syndrome was 47.1% in the control group, 12.5% (P = 0.025) in the sternocleidomastoid flap group, and 0% (P = 0.005) in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system plication group. The surgical techniques are described. The prevalence of Frey's syndrome is discussed with respect to age, sex, radiation therapy, and the type of parotidectomy performed. The indications and contraindications of the three surgical techniques are described.
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PMID:Sternocleidomastoid muscle transfer and superficial musculoaponeurotic system plication in the prevention of Frey's syndrome. 203 Jun 39

In the structural protein open reading frame (SP-ORF) of rubella virus (RUB), the sequences for the three virion proteins occur in the order NH2-C-E2-E1-COOH with hydrophobic, consensus signal sequences preceding the amino termini for each of the two membrane proteins (T. K. Frey and L. D. Marr, 1988 Gene 62, 85-100). In vitro translation in the presence of microsomes of RNA transcripts from a plasmid containing the SP-ORF resulted in production and accurate processing of the three structural proteins. Since in the absence of microsomes the 110-kDa precursor of these proteins is produced, this finding indicated that the cleavage events in processing of the precursor were mediated by signalase. To study the C-E2 processing event, a DNA construct was made which contained the sequences for E2 beginning at the NH2 terminus of the hydrophobic consensus signal and extending through to the NH2 terminus of E1. In vitro translation of transcripts from this construct in the presence of microsomes resulted in accurate processing of E2 confirming that the hydrophobic sequence was a signal sequence and demonstrating it could function externally as well as internally within the 110-kDa precursor. To determine if the E2 signal was maintained on C after cleavage of the precursor by signalase, the SP-ORF plasmid was mutagenized to place translation termination codons at either the NH2 or COOH side of the E2 signal sequence such that C protein lacking or containing the E2 signal would be produced. As expected, the C-minus-signal protein migrated more rapidly in polyacrylamide gels than did the C-plus-signal protein. C translated from the SP-ORF construct as well as authentic C from infected cells comigrated with the C-plus-signal protein, indicating that the E2 signal was not removed. In a corollary study, it was found that RUB C protein was phosphorylated in vivo, although the percentage of the protein phosphorylated was not determined.
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PMID:Efficient in vitro translation and processing of the rubella virus structural proteins in the presence of microsomes. 198 59

Commercial Leghorns vaccinated with F strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum were used to determine the effect of hydration of swab material with Frey's broth media on M. gallisepticum isolation. Twenty-four hens from each of four 10,000 bird houses were randomly selected and swabbed from the choanal cleft region. Twelve birds from each house were swabbed with ethylene-oxide-sterilized, 2.4-mm diameter rayon-tipped swabs, and 12 hens were swabbed with the same type swabs wetted with sterile Frey's broth media. Results of the present study demonstrate that wetting of the swab prior to swabbing does not affect the recovery of M. gallisepticum from commercial layers.
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PMID:Research note: Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolations resulting from dry versus wet swabs. 201 15

Twenty-one patients were followed up with a home visit after having parotid surgery at the Westmead Centre between January 1988 and October 1989. Nine of these patients (42.8%) had objective gustatory sweating as proven by Minor's Starch Iodine Test, with three of these (14.3%) having symptoms of Frey's syndrome. Symptoms started an average of 4.3 months after surgery. None of the three were anxious enough about their symptoms to seek medical treatment. Those patients with objective gustatory sweating were more likely to be women. No statistical significance was found in regard to the presence or absence of greater auricular nerve section, facial nerve paresis, age or type of operation (superficial parotidectomy or otherwise). Frey's syndrome is a benign condition and explanation and reassurance are usually adequate therapy.
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PMID:Frey's syndrome following parotid surgery. 201 39

Damage of the auriculo-temporal nerve with consecutive Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) can occur with fractures of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as a result of the anatomic proximity. A case of marked gustatory sweating as a rare complication of a mandibular joint fracture and alternation of therapy are reported.
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PMID:[Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) after fracture of the temporomandibular joint]. 205 25

Localised hyperhidrosis is comparatively rare among the vegetative disorders. A case of pathological gustatory and olfactory sudation is reported, with the sequence of symptoms corresponding to that of the Frey syndrome. Working from the reflex nature of the phenomen, the paper puts forward a model to account for the delayed onset of the manifestation following a peripheral lesion. It is assumed that readjustment of the reflex excitation level takes place according to a modification in peripheral afference, and that a decompensation of the central control mechanisms results in a pathological enhancement of the reflex. The hypothesis of peripheral efferentisl denervation hypersensitivity appears insufficient to account for the delay in manifestation, or even to account for the classic Frey syndrome following an affection of the parotid gland.
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PMID:[Olfactory and gustatory sweating--case report on reflex facial hyperhidrosis]. 209


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