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Query: UMLS:C0162316 (iron deficiency anemia)
 3,806 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In children with iron deficiency anemia, bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and serum opsonic activity were studied. Nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT), hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity of PMN of these cases were also examined. Bactericidal capacity and HMP shunt activation were found to be decreased in iron deficiency anemia ( p less than 0.001). MPO activity, NBT test, and serum opsonic activity were found to be within normal limits. After 1 1/2 months of iron therapy there was an improvement in bactericidal capacity and it returned to a normal level after 3 months of therapy.
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PMID:Myeloperoxidase activity and bactericidal function of PMN in iron deficiency. 21 16

Normal red blood cells, preincubated for 75 min with 1.15 mM menadione sodium bisulfite lose potassium and water on subsequent incubation at 37 degrees C for 24 h without menadione. The potassium loss is increased by addition of calcium and prevented by addition of glucose. Since normal red cells treated with menadione behave like untreated hypochromic cells, both from beta-thalassaemia or iron deficiency anaemia in respect to membrane permeability to potassium, it may be supposed that menadione induces in normal red cells an abnormality similar to that naturally occurring in hypochromic cells.
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PMID:Increased potassium permeability induced in vitro by menadione in normal human red cells. 84 Dec 69

The findings on dumping syndrome (DS) are not consistent considering its relations with age, sex, weight/height, smoking habits, race, dose of oral glucose, the time elapsed since surgery, the function of exocrine pancreas nor the duration of ulcer symptoms. The patients after total gastrectomy (TG) may present relative postprandial lack of insulin. As a sign of long-term hyperglycemia elevated HbA1 has been measured in DS patients. Oral galactose test may reveal new features of DS. Abnormalities in splanchnic blood circulation as well as release of intestinal hormones are involved with DS. Dietary habits including fibers, pectin and guar gum, play a central role in the prevention and treatment of DS. In unresponsive cases several operative methods have been applied with success. Alkaline reflux gastritis is most often seen after B II and I reconstructions and after pyloroplasty. Chronic diarrhea follows mostly after truncal vagotomy. Ten to 50% of patients after gastrectomy (GE) waste 10 to 20% of their body weight because of decreased food, energy, vitamin and mineral intake caused by eating-related symptoms. Vitamin and mineral supplements, a small snack 20 min before the major meal, digestive enzymes, treatment of colonization with antibiotics and protein foods may help. About 50% of GE patients show iron deficiency anemia. Easily dissolved iron between meals with ascorbic acid give the most effective response. Deficiency of vitamin B12 or of folate may develop as megaloblastic anemia. B12 supplement and antibiotics are effective in bacterial overgrowth, but surgical correction is necessary in troublesome blind loop. Folic acid deficiency is corrected by oral folic acid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Metabolic problems after gastric surgery. 218 Aug 35

Iron deficiency anemia was induced by dietary means in weanling guinea pigs. A 25% higher ventricular wall mass per 100 g body mass was seen after 6 weeks of feeding. Myocardial performance was determined in isolated perfused hearts using an isovolumic Langendorff preparation. All hearts exhibited a 25% decrease in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and decreased dP/dt when substrate was switched from 10 mM pyruvate to 16.6 mM glucose. The glucose reduction in LVDP resulted from decreased systolic pressure, which completely reversed when hearts again metabolized pyruvate. With glucose as substrate, left ventricular developed pressure-end diastolic volume relationships were indistinguishable. However, with pyruvate, iron-deficient hearts appeared to be less responsive to the increased energy demands required by elevated diastolic volumes. Rates of state 3 respiration were 18% below control with glutamate + malate as substrate, and 38% lower with pyruvate + malate in mitochondria isolated from anemic animals. No differences in respiration were noted with succinate. Cytochrome a + a3 content, cytochrome oxidase activity and total mitochondrial protein content appeared to be unchanged. In contrast, cytochromes b, c + c1, and the flavoproteins were significantly decreased. The data suggest that iron deficiency anemia induces cardiac hypertrophy with a fixed but defective mitochondrial population, potentially placing the heart in an energetic imbalance. These differences in mitochondrial function were expressed by decreased myocardial performance when the heart metabolizes pyruvate, an exclusively aerobic substrate.
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PMID:Substrate-dependent functional defects and altered mitochondrial respiratory capacity in hearts from guinea pigs with iron deficiency anemia. 303 Apr 18

Response to diet and drug therapy was assessed in a group of 85 Indian patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes in the young (NIDDY). There was a significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values on therapy (pretreatment 13.3 +/- 0.5 mmol/l; post-treatment 9,7 +/- 0,4 mmol/l) (P less than 0,001). Prior to therapy the majority of patients had either moderate (40%) or severe (59%) diabetes; on therapy, the majority had either mild (21%) or moderate (62%) diabetes. Estimation of glycosylated haemoglobin (Hb A1) levels revealed that control was excellent (Hb A1 less than 10%) in 47% of patients and excellent or adequate (Hb A1 less than 12%) in 78%. Hb A1 levels correlated significantly with the FPG value (r = 0,78; P less than 0,001). In 8 patients with iron deficiency anaemia the HB a1 level did not fall within the correlation norms between Hb A1 and FPG. Treatment of the anaemia restored the correlative norms. Hb A1 levels were significantly higher in patients with microvascular complications (12,1 +/- 0,8%) than in those without any vascular complications (10,3 +/- 0,3%) (P less than 0,01).
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PMID:Fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels in the assessment of diabetic control in non-insulin-dependent diabetes in the young. 714 26

The transport rates of phosphoenolpyruvate in erythrocytes from healthy individuals and from patients with hereditary spherocytosis were examined by incubating the cells with 10 mM phosphoenolpyruvate at 37 degrees C in the citrate buffer (0.10 M Na-citrate, 10 mM NaF, 5 mM glucose; pH 6.1 at 37 degrees C). The transport rate of phosphoenolpyruvate in erythrocytes of hereditary spherocytosis was 0.09 +/- 0.02 mumol/ml cells/min (mean +/- S. D., n = 7), whereas that in normal cells was 0.23 +/- 0.03 mumol/ml cells/min (mean +/- S. D., n = 7). The decreased rate of the transport seemed to be specific to the erythrocytes from patients with hereditary spherocytosis, since the rates in erythrocytes from patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, iron deficiency anemia and aplastic anemia were almost within normal range. Therefore, the decreased transport rate of phosphoenolpyruvate in erythrocytes of hereditary spherocytosis may be a reflection of some specific abnormality in the erythrocyte membrane. Moreover, the measurement of the transport rate of phosphoenolpyruvate may be used as a new diagnostic method for hereditary spherocytosis.
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PMID:Abnormal phosphoenolpyruvate transport in erythrocytes of hereditary spherocytosis. 731 2

The effects of chronic iron deficiency anemia on brain (cortex) metabolism were estimated by 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and biochemical analyses in male Wistar rats. Iron deficiency anemia was induced by supplying diet containing either approximately 2 or approximately 6 ppm Fe. Control diet was supplemented with 100 ppm Fe as ferric citrate. After 8-9 weeks, blood hemoglobin levels were approximately 13, 5, and 3 g/100 ml in the 100 ppm, 6 ppm, and 2 ppm Fe group, respectively. The blood lactate levels at rest in these groups were approximately 3, 5, and 6 mM. The blood glucose concentration also tended to be elevated in iron-deficient rats. The high-energy phosphate contents in brain were not affected by iron deficiency. The activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase per unit protein in the 2 ppm Fe group were significantly less than in the 100 ppm Fe group, but those activities were not significantly affected by feeding diet with 6 ppm Fe. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase in iron-deficient group tended to be elevated but not significantly. The activities of non-iron containing mitochondrial enzymes, citrate synthase and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase, were unchanged. It is suggested that the brain has a higher tolerance to iron deficiency than skeletal muscle in terms of the metabolic characteristics, although this may be associated with a lower level of neural activity.
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PMID:Effects of chronic iron deficiency anemia on brain metabolism. 756 62

We performed euglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamps at insulin infusion rates of 1.9, 4.0, 9.3, and 19.3 mU.kg-1 x min-1 in rats with varying severities of iron deficiency anemia (IDA; mean hemoglobin concentrations of 59, 79, 107, and 137 g/l) to assess the effect of IDA on insulin sensitivity and responsiveness. Glucose appearance and disappearance (Rd) rates were determined using a primed continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose. Basal plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were similar between the IDA and control rats. Basal hepatic glucose production was significantly (P = 0.0001) elevated in the two most anemic groups (13.6 +/- 2.4 and 12.6 +/- 3.1 vs. 10.6 +/- 2.2 and 10.2 +/- 2.0 mg.kg-1 x min-1). A significant upward shift in the insulin dose-response curves for Rd indicated an increase in peripheral insulin responsiveness in the two most anemic groups while a slight leftward shift was suggestive of an increase in insulin sensitivity in all three anemic groups. Hepatic insulin sensitivity and responsiveness were unaffected by IDA. We conclude that increased glucose utilization rates in IDA rats are due primarily to an increase in peripheral insulin responsiveness.
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PMID:Hepatic glucose production and insulin sensitivity and responsiveness in iron-deficient anemic rats. 846 Jun 85

A patient with diabetes mellitus caused by secondary hemochromatosis was treated using recombinant human erythropoietin and phlebotomy. A total of 12 g of iron had been infused in the patient because of iron deficiency anemia. Blood glucose level was 17.3 mmol/L, and hemoglobin A1c level was 9.0% at admission. He was treated using phlebotomy (400 mL per week), along with subcutaneous injection of 3,000 U of recombinant human erythropoietin three times a week. After approximately 100 days, a total of 5,500 mL of blood (2.75 g iron) could be removed. Serum ferritin level decreased from 10,000 micrograms/L to 4,807 micrograms/L. Fasting and maximum serum C-peptide immunoreactivity values during 100-g oral glucose tolerance tests were improved from 0.14 nmol/L to 0.42 nmol/L and from 1.84 nmol/L to 2.61 nmol/L, respectively. This case suggests that pancreatic beta-cell recovers in diabetes caused by hemochromatosis by reducing iron overload during a short period.
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PMID:Recovery of pancreatic beta-cell function in hemochromatosis: combined treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin and phlebotomy. 941 46

The digestive utilization of Fe and its nutritive interaction with Ca, P, and Mg were studied in rats with nutritional ferropenic anemia. The diet contained 80% ferric citrate and 20% heme iron (80/20 diet). The weight gain, digestive utilization of Fe, and regeneration efficiency of hemoglobin and seric Fe were higher in iron-deficient rats (ID) fed the 80/20 diet than in iron-deficient rats fed the 50/50 diet (Campos et al., 1996). The phospho-calcic metabolism, which is adversely affected in ferropenic anemia, returned to normal values when iron was added to the diet. The digestive utilization of Mg, which fell with the 50/50 diet (Campos et al., 1996), returned to normal values when the ferropenic anemia was reversed with the 80/20 diet. In a state of iron deficiency, certain parameters related to the glucose and lipid metabolism are affected; the glucose and triglycerides values return to a normal range with the 80/20 diet.
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PMID:The importance of the proportion of heme/nonheme iron in the diet to minimize the interference with calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium metabolism on recovery from nutritional ferropenic anemia. 1055 90


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