Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162316 (iron deficiency anemia)
 3,806 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 44-year-old male was evaluated for an iron deficiency anemia. Endoscopic investigation revealed marked serpiginous ulceration of the proximal small intestine due to a B cell lymphoma. Endoscopic small intestinal mucosal biopsies revealed a nodular lymphoid infiltrate, and polymerase chain reaction of biopsy material from the same site demonstrated rearrangement of the bcl-2 gene, the molecular equivalent of the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation. Primary small bowel follicular small cleaved cell lymphoma was diagnosed. Endoscopic tissue biopsies for immunophenotyping, molecular genetic studies or both are a valuable diagnostic aid for precise classification of lymphoid neoplasms in the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Clinical, pathological and molecular genetic findings in small intestinal follicle centre cell lymphoma. 911 95

A 9-year-old, intact male Doberman Pinscher was examined because of anorexia and weakness. Results of a CBC showed severe, microcytic, hypochromic anemia with mild eosinophilia (2944 cells/microL, reference interval 100-1250/microL) and thrombocytosis. Hypoferremia, hypoferritinemia, and a positive fecal occult blood test supported a diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia secondary to chronic intestinal hemorrhage. Abdominal ultrasound evaluation showed a thickened small intestinal loop, of which representative specimens were obtained during exploratory laparotomy. Histologically, the intestinal wall was infiltrated by a neoplastic population of large, round, lymphoid cells with vesicular chromatin, 1 or more prominent nucleoli, and a high number of mitotic figures. The cells were closely admixed with mature eosinophils, but were negative for metachromatic granules with toluidine blue. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for CD3, and negative for CD21, Pan B, and CD79a. A diagnosis of intestinal T-cell lymphoma was made. Chemotherapy was begun, with 30 mg/m;2 of doxorubicin administered intravenously every 3 weeks. Eosinophil concentration was 880/microL 2 weeks after surgery (on day 15 after presentation) but increased markedly to 62,914/microL on day 30, 62,400/microL on day 37, and 39,444/microL on day 58 after presentation. An association between hypereosinophilia and T-cell lymphoma is well established in human patients, in whom production of IL-5 by neoplastic T cells has been demonstrated. Hypereosinophilia has been reported only rarely with intestinal lymphoma in cats and horses, and with T-cell lymphoma in dogs.
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PMID:Paraneoplastic hypereosinophilia in a dog with intestinal T-cell lymphoma. 1613 75

In Castleman disease, also known as giant lymph node hyperplasia, lesions are usually located in the chest. Peliosis hepatis is the presence of multiple blood-filled cysts in the liver. The combination of these two disorders in one patient is rare, with only three cases reported to date. We report the case of a 21-year-old man who presented with growth retardation and iron deficiency anemia. Work-up revealed hepatomegaly and multiple conglomerated giant lymph nodes near the splenic hilum. Once the mass was surgically removed, the patient's anemia rapidly resolved and he showed catch-up growth. The lymphoid tissue exhibited mixed histologic type, so the patient was diagnosed with both hyaline vascular type and plasma cell type Castleman disease. A liver biopsy obtained at surgery showed sinusoidal dilatation and blood-filled cysts, indicating peliosis hepatis. This is the fourth documented case of peliosis hepatis associated with Castleman disease. In addition to describing the case features, we discuss the possible pathogenesis of peliosis hepatis in the setting of Castleman disease.
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PMID:Abdominal Castleman disease with mixed histopathology in a patient with iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation and peliosis hepatis. 1641 67

Basophils play an important role in allergic inflammation and are pathologically related to hematological disturbances, such as iron deficiency anemia and myeloproliferative disorders; however, they are only rarely encountered in lymphoid malignancies. Here, we report the case of a 33-year-old man with a bulky mass of the small intestine, multiple paraaortic lymphoadenopathy, pleural effusion, and ascites, who was diagnosed as a case of de novo CD5+ diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This patient showed a marked elevation of the basophil count in the peripheral blood, which appeared to run in parallel with the tumor burden. High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous peripheral blood cell transplantation yielded complete remission, and the patient has remained disease free for 5 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of de novo CD5+ DLBCL showing marked elevation of the PB basophil count.
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PMID:De novo CD5+ diffuse large B cell lymphoma with basophilia in the peripheral blood: successful treatment with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. 1701 91

Calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT) is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor composed of hyalinized fibrous tissue with interspersed bland fibroblastic spindled cells, scattered psammomatous, and/or dystrophic calcifications and variably prominent mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. CFTs show a predilection for the abdominal cavity and soft tissue. To date, 6 gastric and 3 intestinal CFTs have been reported. We analyzed 7 gastric CFTs including 6 new cases. Patients were 4 men and 3 women with a mean age of 53 years (range, 40 to 77). Mean tumor size was 2.2 cm. Most tumors originated in the gastric body (6/7). Six were incidental findings at autopsy or during surgery for other diseases. One ulcerated tumor caused iron deficiency anemia and ulcer symptoms. Six tumors involved the muscularis propria with variable submucosal and subserosal extension and 1 arose within thickened muscularis mucosae adjacent to a mucosal invagination. Histology was typical with uniformly hypocellular vaguely storiform collagen, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, lymphoid aggregates and psammomatous, and dystrophic calcifications. Peritumoral lymphoid aggregates were seen in 3 cases. Adjacent muscle coat contained lymphoid aggregates with fiber degeneration (2), minute CFT-like foci (1), and calcifications (1). In none of the cases were there remnants of burnt-out GIST, inflammatory fibroid polyp, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, leiomyoma, schwannoma, or other specific lesion. All tumors were negative for CD117, S100, smooth muscle actin, desmin, ALK1, h-caldesmon, and PDGFRA. Two stained focally with CD34. Scattered IgG4-positive plasma cells were seen in 4 of 6 cases stained with this marker. All 5 tumors with available tissue for molecular analysis were wild-type for KIT and PDGFRA. Three patients had follow-up (range, 12 to 24 mo); none developed recurrence. Gastric CFTs are distinct from sclerosing GIST and other mesenchymal gut lesions and may represent a localized inflammatory fibrosclerosis in response to immune-mediated or other-type tissue injury affecting the muscularis propria. They differ from soft tissue CFTs by smaller size, older age at presentation and lack of recurrence, and from peritoneal CFTs by equal gender distribution, older age, and absent multifocal occurrence.
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PMID:Calcifying fibrous tumor of the stomach: clinicopathologic and molecular study of seven cases with literature review and reappraisal of histogenesis. 2009 May 3

Anemia is a frequent complication of lymphoid neoplasms as a result of the disease and myelotoxic chemotherapy, and has a significant impact on treatment outcome, survival and quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical characteristics of anemia in lymphoid malignancies and to assess the need of anemia treatment in the context of modern therapeutic possibilities. Fifty-five patients (32 female and 23 male) with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n = 30), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, n = 8) and multiple myeloma (MM, n = 17) were included in the study. The influence of age, sex, type of malignancy and chemotherapy on the prevalence, severity and type of anemia before and after chemotherapy was analyzed. The prevalence of anemia was 51.02% before (A1) and 55.31% after (A2) chemotherapy. Women had a higher prevalence of anemia than men (63% vs. 43%), but the severity was higher in men at the beginning (103 vs. 99 g/L Hb) and at the end of treatment (101 vs. 89 g/L Hb). The highest prevalence of anemia was found in MM (69%), followed by NHL (44.4%) and CLL (40%) before chemotherapy, and in MM (68.7%), CLL (42.9%) and NHL (20.8%) after chemotherapy. The prevailing anemia was anemia of chronic disease (53.8%), followed by anemia due to multiple causes (anemia of chronic disease + iron deficiency anemia or anemia of chronic disease + hemolytic anemia; 30.7%), anemia due to iron deficiency (11.5%) and hemolytic anemia (7.6%). The prevalence of anemia as a consequence of the disease is high in lymphoproliferative disease, but there was no significant rise under chemotherapy, even showing a decline in NHL patients (44% vs. 21%), however, the severity of anemia increased. Since stage 1 anemia according to the WHO prevailed, only a small number of patients required transfusion therapy. About 27% of all patients had hemoglobin values <100 g/L during chemotherapy and could be candidates for erythropoiesis-stimulating agent treatment.
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PMID:Analysis of the influence of various factors on anemia in patients with lymphoid malignancies. 2264 79

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been clearly linked to peptic ulcer disease and some gastrointestinal malignancies. Increasing evidence demonstrates possible associations to disease states in other organ systems, known as the extraintestinal manifestations of H. pylori. Different conditions associated with H. pylori infection include those from hematologic, cardiopulmonary, metabolic, neurologic, and dermatologic systems. The aim of this article is to provide a concise review of the evidence that supports or refutes the associations of H. pylori and its proposed extraintestinal manifestations. Based on data from the literature, PUD, mucosal associated lymphoid tumors lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma has well-established links. Current evidence most supports extraintestinal manifestations with H. pylori in immune thrombocytopenic purpura, iron deficiency anemia, urticaria, Parkinson's, migraines and rosacea; however, there is still plausible link with other diseases that requires further research.
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PMID:Extraintestinal manifestations of Helicobacter pylori: a concise review. 2580 59

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped bacterium that grows in the digestive tract and may be present in more than half of the world's population. The clinical features of Helicobacter pylori range from asymptomatic gastritis to gastrointestinal malignancy. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a low-grade B-cell marginal zone lymphoma and Helicobacter pylori has been detected in more than 75% of the patients with MALT lymphoma. Many tests for the detection of Helicobacter pylori are available, including antibody tests, urea breath tests, stool antigen tests and endoscopic biopsies. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori usually prevents the return of ulcers and ulcer complications even after appropriate medications such as PPIs are stopped. The eradication of Helicobacter pylori is important in the treatment of the rare condition of the stomach known as MALT lymphoma. The treatment of Helicobacter pylori to prevent stomach cancer is controversial. Confirmation of eradication is recommended in associated ulcers, persistent dyspepsia despite a test-and-treat approach, MALT lymphoma, and previous treatment for early-stage gastric cancer. The urea breath test and stool antigen test can be used to confirm the eradication and should be performed at least 4 weeks after the completion of therapy. Several diseases have been reported to be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, including hematologic diseases, such as ITP, idiopathic iron deficiency anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. There is a positive trend in the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and neurodegenerative disorders and new data showed a reduced risk of death due to stroke and lung cancer but an increased risk of preeclampsia in infected women, which requires further investigations.
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PMID:Helicobacter pylori infection: old and new. 2861 85

Gram-negative bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonize gastric mucosa in humans and increase the risk of serious diseases such as gastric and duodenal ulcers, stomach cancers and mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. The role of H. pylori infection in the pathogenesis of several extragastric diseases has been suggested including immune thrombocytopenic purpura, iron deficiency anemia, vitamin D deficiency, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and dermatological disorders. Also neurological diseases and even lung cancer have attracted researchers concern. The relation between H. pylori infection and a growth retardation in children has also been suggested. Many mechanisms of molecular mimicry between H. pylori and the host have been proposed as a pathogen strategy to manipulate the immune system of the host in order to remain unrecognized and avoid eradication. A lot of effort has been put into the demonstration of homologous sequences between H. pylori and host compounds. However, knowledge about how often autoantibodies or autoreactive T lymphocytes induced during H. pylori infections cause pathological disorders is insufficient. This review provides data on H. pylori antigenic mimicry and possible deleterious effects due to the induction of immune response to the components common to these bacteria and the host.
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PMID:Molecular mimicry in Helicobacter pylori infections. 2865 51