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Query: UMLS:C0162316 (iron deficiency anemia)
 3,806 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The nutritional status of 66 part Aborginines was re-examined in 1974--with particular reference to blood levels of haemoglobin and vitamins--after white bread fortified with iron and the vitamins B1 and PP (niacin) had been available for six and half months to the population of Bourke, New South Wales. The results found in 1971 and 1974 are compared. A significant improvement from deficient to acceptable blood levels of vitamins B1 and B6 was found in 44% and 52% of the subjects respectively. This attributed to the comsumption of fortified bread since the levels of the other vitamins had remained either unchanged or worsened. The biochemical improvement in vitamin B6 is attributed to the sparing effect of vitamin PP on vitamin B6 requirement because the conversion of tryptophan to niacin is impaired in vitamin B6 deficiency. Iron deficiency anaemia in children had decreased by 50% but this could have been due to many other factors besides the iron which had been added to the bread. Clinically there was a marked decrease in angular stomatitis and skin xerosis which could be related to the biochemical improvement of the two B-vitamins and a decrease in active trachoma and suppurative otitis media probably due to intensive treatment received since 1971. The results of this study and the extent of biochemical vitamin B1 and B6 deficiency found in other groups, indicate that fortification of bread may be of benefit to the community as a whole.
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PMID:Nutrition in the Australian aborginines--effects of the fortification of white flour. 105 22

The study presented gives details about vitamin B6 metabolism in infancy and childhood. After a short review about the history of vitamin B6, some details are given about the chemical structure, the metabolism, and the functions of vitamin B6. The description of some modern methods for the determination of vitamin B6 follows. The experimental part describes the relationship between vitamin B6 nutriture of the pregnant woman and the B6 status of her newborn infant. Then some studies about the vitamin B6 nutriture of the preterm and the full term infant follow, giving some details about the maturation time of enzymes in vitamin B6 metabolism itself. The last chapter deals with the vitamin B6 deficiency syndromes in infancy and childhood. The relations between vitamin B6 and iron deficiency anemia on the one hand and vitamin B6 and celiac disease on the other hand represent some other new investigations in this field.
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PMID:[Experimental studies concerning the metabolism, the nutriture, and the requirement for vitamin B6 in childhood (author's transl)]. 121 69

This article examines the effects of oral contraceptives (OCs) on the metabolism of vitamin B6, folacin, vitamin B12, and vitamin C and outlines educational strategies through which nurse-midwives can improve their clients' nutritional health. Evidence of vitamin B6 deficiency has been found among combination OC users in numerous studies. Derangement of tryptophan metabolism occurs within 1 month of initiation of OC use. OCs also may cause a deficiency of pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme needed for the tryptophan-nicotinic acid pathway. It is recommended that OC users take 1-1.5 mg/day of supplemental vitamin B6; new OC users should take 5 mg/day until plasma levels of 1.5-2 mg have been achieved. It has also been noted that OCs impair folacin metabolism, as evidenced by folacin deficiency in serum and an increase in urinary formiminoglutamic acid secretion. It is generally ageed that folacin, which plays a critical role in fetal development, can become deficient in late pregnancy and in women who become pregnant shortly after discontinuing longterm OC use. OCs further influence serum B12 concentrations and the possiblity of iron deficiency anemia. Among patients who are well nourished and nonsmokers, OC use does not appear to jeopardize vitamin C levels. An assessment of a patient's nutritional health should begin with a demographic evaluation focused on her age, parity, alcohol and nicotine consumption, and use of medications and vitamins. Next, a dietary evaluation should be made by having the patient record everything she eats during the following week. It should be remembered that adolescents, lactating women, those with repeated pregnancies closely spaced, and women who are chemically dependent have greater nutritional needs than normal. Nutritional counseling is particularly needed by OC users, who may be deficient in 1 or more of the essential vitamins. Nutritional counseling should be an ongoing part of any comprehensive patient-teaching program.
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PMID:Effects of oral contraceptives on vitamins B6, B12, C, and folacin. 656 71