Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162316 (iron deficiency anemia)
 3,806 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The aim of this work was to study the effect of prolonged use of intrauterine devices (IUD) and oral contraceptives (OCO) normally prescribed at outpatient clinics of the Health Service on iron nutrition. Two hundred twenty three healthy women, aged 20 to 39 years were studied. Of these, 100 were using IUD and 97 OCO for three to five years and 26 were not using any pharmacological or mechanical contraceptive method (control group). Serum ferritin was significantly higher in the OCO group compared to IUD and control groups (58.9 +/- 2.2; 26.2 +/- 2.1 and 21.1 +/- 2.4 ng/ml respectively). There was a positive correlation between serum ferritin and hemoglobin in IUD and control groups and between ferritin and transferrin saturation in the OCO and control groups. The frequency of storage iron depletion (defined as a serum ferritin < 12 ng/ml) was 6.3, 0 and 25% in the IUD, OCO and control groups respectively. The numbers for iron-deficient erythropoiesis (defined as a transferrin saturation < 15%) were 7, 3 and 4% and for iron deficiency anemia, 6.5, 0 and 8%. It is concluded that the chronic use of IUDs leads to iron depletion and that measures to improve iron nutrition among women using them should be adopted.
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PMID:[Effect of the prolonged use of intrauterine devices and oral contraceptive on iron nutrition]. 827 99

Transferrin receptors are present on almost all mammalian cells. The receptor participates in the cellular acquisition of iron from transferrin by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Receptor abundancy is generally regulated by two factors: i) cellular iron status and ii) cell growth. These two factors form the basis for the utilization of transferrin receptor determination as a diagnostic tool. In the assessment of body iron status and erythropoietic activity the measurement of circulating transferrin receptor has proved to be of value as a measure of mild tissue iron deficiency, to distinguish iron deficiency anemia from the anemias of chronic disease, and as a sensitive index of iron deficiency during pregnancy. Histochemical analysis of the presence and abundancy of the transferrin receptor will continue to serve as an additional tool in special cases to distinguish between malignant and normal cell growth, and to provide additional information about the biological behaviour of tumor cells. Finally, the transferrin receptor holds a potential as a target for direct and indirect drug delivery in the therapy of malignant cell growth.
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PMID:The transferrin receptor: its diagnostic value and its potential as therapeutic target. 832 47

The transferrin receptor plays a critical role in iron metabolism by precisely controlling the flow of transferrin iron into body cells. A soluble truncated form of the receptor can be detected in human serum using sensitive immunoassays, and the initial clinical experience with this new measurement indicates that it reflects the total body mass of tissue receptor. Serum receptor levels rise significantly with tissue iron deficiency and the heightened demand for iron associated with expansion of the erythroid marrow. The serum receptor provides a quantitative measure of functional iron deficiency and distinguishes the associated anemia from that of chronic disease. If iron deficiency is excluded, the serum receptor provides a quantitative measure of total erythropoiesis that is more sensitive and less invasive than bone marrow examination currently used to assess red cell precursor mass. Performed in conjunction with serum ferritin measurements, the serum receptor will be useful in establishing the true prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in population studies.
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PMID:Serum transferrin receptor. 847 68

The effect of transfusion of packed red blood cells on serum iron level, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin saturation was studied. Samples of blood from 37 hemodynamically stable patients were obtained for analysis at various intervals following the transfusion of packed red blood cells. In 10 patients with possible iron deficiency, a significant rise in serum iron level and transferrin saturation occurred during the 24 hours following transfusion, which persisted at a marginally significant level up to 36 hours. In the remaining 27 patients, a significant rise was also noted in serum iron level and transferrin saturation results, but the rise did not persist beyond the 24 hours after transfusion. No change in total iron-binding capacity was noted in either group. These data show that the diagnosis of iron deficiency (based on a transferrin saturation of < 0.16) might be missed if iron studies are performed on patients within 24 hours following packed red blood cell transfusion. Therefore, if serum iron studies are obtained for patients suspected of having iron deficiency anemia, these studies are best done on blood samples obtained before blood transfusion.
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PMID:Effect of blood transfusion on serum iron and transferrin saturation. 850 35

The purpose of this study was to compare iron related indices in patients with iron deficiency anemia and chronic causative diseases between geriatric older than 65 years and adult, nongeriatric younger than 65 years groups. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) cases with chronic disorders from Youngdong Severance hospital from June, 1991 to April, 1994, older than 65 years (17 cases), and younger than 65 years (29 cases) were analysed with iron related indices. Mean hemoglobin was 7.8 +/- 2.2 g/dl in geriatric IDA and 8.0 +/- 1.8 g/dl in adult IDA without significant difference. RDW value was 19.5 +/- 2.6 in geriatric IDA and 18.4 +/- 3.2 in adult IDA with no significant difference. Serum iron and transferrin saturation between geriatric IDA were 22.7 +/- 12.3 ug/dl, 6.7 +/- 4.1% and 28.6 +/- 16.6 ug/dl, 7.1 +/- 4.4% in adult IDA with no significant difference, but TIBC was significantly lower (P = 0.011) in geriatric IDA than in adult IDA patients (357.2 +/- 83.2, 413.6 +/- 54.0 ug/dl). In normal elderly people, serum ferritin was 152.5 +/- 95.4 ng/ml in male and 111.1 +/- 54.1 ng/ml in female with range 19.8 approximately 367.7 ng/ml in male and 11.7 approximately 238.7 ng/ml in female and was higher than that of normal adult in both sexes (147.0 +/- 108.0, 35.3 +/- 20.5 ng/ml) (P = 0.045). Serum ferritin in geriatric IDA was 13.8 +/- 11.8 ng/ml and 5.7 +/- 4.0 ng/ml in adult IDA with significant difference(P = 0.001). The Upper margin for geriatric IDA was 37 ng/ml with 95% confidence interval. In the diagnosis of geriatric IDA with causative diseases, we should consider that TIBC does not increase and the upper margin for serum ferritin is suggested to increases up to 37 ng/ml.
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PMID:Iron related indices in iron deficiency anemia of geriatric Korean patients. 871 32

The human placenta transferrin receptor was purified in the form of transferrin-transferrin receptor complex (Tf-TfR), and a monospecific polyclonal antibody against TfR was developed by a Tf-coupled Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography to remove the anti-Tf components in the antiserum. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) was established for measuring serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) by using monoclonal antibody OKT9 and monospecific polyclonal antibody. This method is simple, specific and sensitive and has a good accuracy. The measurement of sTfR showed that the level of normal children was 4.54 +/- 1.08 mg/L. There were increased levels of sTfR in patients with severe iron deficiency anemia and those with hemolytic anemia (13.92 +/- 4.45 mg/L and 9.94 +/- 3.22 mg/L, respectively). In patients with aplastic anemia, the level was decreased (2.06 +/- 0.82 mg/L). These results indicate that the sTfR measurement has a differential significance for diagnoses of various anemia.
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PMID:[The sandwich enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay of serum transferrin receptor by using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies]. 873 60

Iron deficiency anemia is common among hospitalized patients, and blood losses from diagnostic phlebotomy increase the likelihood of a negative iron balance. The role for iron supplementation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in these patients is unclear. Twenty-three patients with iron deficiency anemia were identified. Twelve patients were randomized to receive TPN without iron (group 1) and 11 received TPN supplemented with 10 mg of iron as iron dextran daily (group 2). Both groups were matched for age, serum iron studies, red cell indices, and hemogram. After a 7-d period, the mean serum iron in group 2 increased from 10 to 26 micrograms/dL, with an increased transferrin saturation from 7.3 to 15.3% (each, p < 0.05). No changes in total iron binding capacity, ferritin, reticulocyte count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or mean corpuscular volume were observed in the two groups. The incidence of infectious complications was not different between both groups. We conclude that iron supplementation of TPN appears safe and is effective in increasing serum iron levels. The use of iron-supplemented short-term TPN needs to be further studied given no change in red cell indices, hemoglobin, hematocrit, or transfusion requirement.
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PMID:Effect of iron-supplemented total parenteral nutrition in patients with iron deficiency anemia. 887 35

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary iron intake of 15-year-old adolescents from two different regions of Sweden, in relation to their iron status. The study comprised 185 boys and 209 girls, randomly selected from the official population register. The iron intake was calculated from a 7-day record, and varied between 7 and 35 and 6 and 27 mg per day for boys and girls, respectively. The daily median intakes in boys and girls were 18.7 and 14.2 mg, respectively. S-ferritin, s-iron, and s-transferrin saturation, measured in all the subjects, did not differ significantly between the two regions. However, the mean serum ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the boys (36.4 micrograms l-1) than in the girls (29.4 micrograms l-1) (p < 0.001). Low s-ferritin levels, defined as s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1 were found in seven boys (3.7%) and in 29 girls (13.9%). None of the adolescents had iron deficiency anaemia, defined as Hb < 110 gl-1 in combination with s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1. Regression and correlation analyses did not show any significant correlation between dietary iron intake and s-ferritin, or between s-ferritin and haemoglobin (Hb), MCH and MCHC. A significant correlation was found, however, between s-ferritin and transferrin saturation (p < 0.005) in both sexes. When the adolescents who still had s-ferritin < 12 micrograms l-1 at a second blood examination were given a 6 weeks trial with oral iron therapy, all of them showed an increase both in s-ferritin and in blood Hb. The 95% confidence intervals of s-ferritin for 15-year-old Swedish boys and girls were defined as 11-90 and 7-85 micrograms l-1, respectively.
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PMID:Dietary iron intake and iron status in adolescents. 888 13

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a major global problem. Early onset of iron deficiency in developing countries makes it imperative to identify iron deficiency in neonates. Most conventional laboratory parameters of iron status fail to distinguish neonates with iron deficient erythropoiesis. Serum transferrin receptor (STFR) levels are a recent sensitive measure of iron deficiency and the present study was carried out to evaluate the usefulness of cord serum transferrin receptors in identifying iron deficient erythropoiesis in neonates. A complete hemogram, red cell indices, iron profile: serum iron (SI), percent transferrin saturation (TS%) and serum ferritin (SF) was carried out in 100 full-term neonates and their mothers at parturition. Cord and maternal STFR levels were estimated using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Anemic women had a significantly lower SI, their TS% and high STFR levels suggesting that iron deficiency was responsible for the anemia. In the neonates of iron deficient mothers, cord SI, TS% and cord ferritin were not significantly different from those of neonates born to non-anemic mothers. Cord STFR level correlated well with hemoglobin (Hb) and laboratory parameters of iron status, and its level was significantly higher in neonates born to anemic mothers than in those born to non-anemic mothers. It was the only laboratory parameter to differentiate between neonates born to anemic and non-anemic mothers. Therefore, STFR is a sensitive index of iron status in neonates and identifies neonates with iron deficient erythropoiesis.
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PMID:Serum transferrin receptor levels in the evaluation of iron deficiency in the neonate. 931 6

Hemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin saturation and ferritin were measured on paired maternal and cord blood samples in 54 anemic (hemoglobin < 110 g/L) and 22 non-anemic (hemoglobin > or = 110 g/L) pregnant women at term gestation. The levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin saturation and ferritin were significantly low in the cord blood of anemic women, suggesting that iron supply to the fetus was reduced in maternal anemia. The linear relationships of these parameters with both maternal hemoglobin and maternal serum ferritin indicated that the fetus extracted iron in amounts proportional to the levels available in the mother. Infants of mothers with moderate and severe anemia had significantly lower cord serum ferritin levels and hence poor iron stores at birth. It is concluded that iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy adversely affects the iron endowment of the infant at birth.
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PMID:Fetal iron status in maternal anemia. 895 60


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