Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0162316 (iron deficiency anemia)
 3,806 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Abnormalities in the numbers and function of thymus and function of thymus-derived and bone marrow-derived lymphocytes (T and B cells) and K cells were determined in sixty-nine consecutive patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Rosetting techniques to identify subpopulations of lymphocytes showed a significant decrease in E-rosettes (T cells) and significant increase in EA- and EAC-rosettes (B cells) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease when compared to normals. In vitro lymphocyte transformation responses to mitogens and antigens were depressed to a variable degree. Mean levels of K cell activity were not significantly different from normal controls. A considerable degree of individual variation was noted in all groups. When the results of each groups were considered, none of the laboratory variables correlated with the site, duration or activity of disease, therapy, presence of iron deficiency anemia, weight loss or hypoalbuminaemia. Thus, in vitro evidence of abnormal immune responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease cannot be directly related to clinical or laboratory variables and probably reflects a multi-factorial aetiology.
 ...
PMID:In vitro testing of immunoresponsiveness in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: prevalence and relationship to disease activity immunoresponsiveness in IBD. 31 71

Clinical presentation, risk factors, investigations, pathology and treatment were examined in a retrospective review of 230 patients with colorectal cancer. Many patients presented with symptoms not usually associated with colorectal cancer, such as pain in the upper part of the abdomen, and rectal bleeding separate from the stool. Iron deficiency anaemia was an uncommon presentation. Over all, one-third of patients had at least one risk factor for colorectal cancer. Risk factors such as adenomatous polyps and family history of colorectal cancer were more common than inflammatory bowel disease and polyposis coli. Although a delay in diagnosis was recorded in one-quarter of patients, the finding of a negative correlation between duration of symptoms and extent of spread suggests that the length of the symptomatic illness is not an important factor in prognosis. Contrary to surgical and medical teaching, only 43% of cancers were in the rectum and rectosigmoid area, and, hence, within reach of the standard sigmoidoscope. Surgical resection was performed in 76% of patients. Forty-three per cent of patients who underwent surgery developed at least one postoperative complication resulting in a longer stay in hospital.
 ...
PMID:Colorectal cancer. A study of 230 patients. 49 99

Hyperplastic colonic polyps are generally regarded as being of little or no clinical consequence. Recently, however, hyperplastic polyps have been found to share numerous functional similarities with colorectal carcinoma. To determine whether the presence of an isolated left-sided colonic hyperplastic (metaplastic) polyp could serve as a marker for more proximal synchronous adenomatous colonic polyps, we retrospectively analyzed all consecutive colonoscopic polypectomies performed over an 18-month period at two medical centers. It is the policy at both institutions to remove or biopsy all polyps, regardless of size. Indications for colonoscopy included known or previous colonic polyps or carcinoma, hemoccult positive stool, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, iron deficiency anemia, abnormal barium enema, inflammatory bowel disease, abdominal pain, and family history of colon cancer. The location of adenomatous polyps and hyperplastic polyps was recorded and compared. One hundred sixty-three of 845 consecutive patients (19.3%) had at least one colonic polyp. The prevalence of adenomatous polyps alone was 10.3%, hyperplastic polyps 9%, and both types 1.9%. The prevalence rate for an adenomatous polyp in patients without a hyperplastic polyp was 15%. In contrast, among patients with a hyperplastic polyp, 49% had a synchronous adenomatous polyp. Only 3.4% of patients had an adenomatous polyp proximal to the splenic flexure when no polyps were present in the left colon. Conversely, among the 29 patients in whom an isolated hyperplastic polyp was found in the left colon, there was a 32.5% prevalence of adenomatous polyps in the proximal colon (p less than 0.01). The results of this study suggest that left-sided hyperplastic colonic polyps (generally within the reach of a screening sigmoidoscopy) serve as a marker for neoplastic polyps.
 ...
PMID:Hyperplastic colonic polyps as a marker for adenomatous colonic polyps. 291 17

While the prevalence of iron deficiency has remained relatively constant, there has been continuing refinement in its laboratory recognition, especially with the recent introduction of serum ferritin and FEP measurements. It is helpful to classify iron deficiency into three stages. Storage iron depletion is identified by marrow examination or serum ferritin, iron deficient erythropoiesis by TS, FEP, or MCV, and iron deficiency anemia by hemoglobin concentration or therapeutic iron trial. Combinations of these measurements have been used in prevalence studies to obtain a quantitative measure of body iron stores. The optimal laboratory approach to diagnosing iron deficiency depends on the clinical setting. In the office or outpatient clinic, iron depletion is best recognized by the serum ferritin, although the TS, FEP, and MCV are helpful in gauging its severity. In hospitalized patients with overt anemia, the TS, FEP, and MCV are much less helpful because similar changes are seen in the anemia of chronic disease. Examination of marrow iron remains the method of choice, especially in patients with infection, chronic disease, malignancy, or liver disease, although in many clinical situations the same information can be obtained from a serum ferritin. Serial measurements of serum ferritin have been particularly useful in monitoring patients at high risk of iron deficiency such as those with rheumatoid arthritis, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, or chronic renal failure.
 ...
PMID:Clinical evaluation of iron deficiency. 676 40

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may adversely affect the colon, either by causing a non-specific colitis or by exacerbating a preexisting colonic disease. Patients with NSAID-induced colitis present with bloody diarrhoea, weight loss, iron deficiency anaemia and sometimes abdominal pain. Colonoscopy may be normal or may show inflammation, ulceration or diaphragm-like stricture. Histology often concludes to non-specific colitis. NSAIDs may cause perforation or bleeding of colonic diverticula, may cause relapse to inflammatory bowel disease and may exacerbate bleeding of colonic angiodysplasia. Pathogenesis of NSAID-induced colitis is still controversial. Local and/or systemic effects of NSAIDs on mucosal cells might lead to an increased intestinal permeability, which is a prerequisite for colitis. Treatment of NSAID-induced colitis should be to discontinue the drug, or at least, to reduce the dose as much as possible. Sulphasalazine and Metronidazole have been successfully used in few studies. Surgery is often indicated in case of life threatening complications or untractable symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colitis. 873 36

A 17 year old male suffered from iron deficiency of undetermined cause for 2 years. Iron substitution was able to correct it for short periods. With the exception of fatigue and recurring abdominal pain attributed to oral iron therapy no further symptoms were present. The physical status on admission was unremarkable. The laboratory detected intestinal disorders, an anemia of the chronic type without evidence for malignancy or renal failure suggested an inflammatory gastro-intestinal disorder. In spite of a twice negative noninvasive test for gluten-intolerance the clinician favored in his differential diagnosis non tropical sprue over inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, Crohn's disease, Whipple's disease). Histopathology of small bowel specimens did not indicate sprue. An ileo-colonoscopy revealed severe ulcerating ileitis and mild chronic colitis. The histologic specimen revealed a severe ileal inflammation with cosinophilia and the colon specimens epitheloid microgranuloma. These findings are highly compatible with the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Iron deficiency anemia is common in Crohn's disease. In the current case it is due to disturbed iron uptake. Iron deficiency anemia as sole symptom of Crohn's disease is extremely rare.
 ...
PMID:[Severe chronic iron deficiency in a 17-year-old student]. 962 33

Inflammatory bowel disease is often associated with iron deficiency anemia and oral iron supplementation may be required. However, iron may increase oxidative stress through the Fenton reaction and thus exacerbate the disease. This study was designed to determine in rats with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis whether oral iron supplementation increases intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress and whether the addition of an antioxidant, vitamin E, would reduce this detrimental effect. Four groups of rats that consumed 50 g/L DSS in drinking water were studied for 7 d and were fed: a control, nonpurified diet (iron, 270 mg, and dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 49 mg/kg); diet + iron (iron, 3000 mg/kg); diet + vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate, 2000 mg/kg) and the diet + both iron and vitamin E, each at the same concentrations as above. Body weight change, rectal bleeding, histological scores, plasma and colonic lipid peroxides (LPO), plasma 8-isoprostane, colonic glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and plasma vitamin E were measured. Iron supplementation increased disease activity as demonstrated by higher histological scores and heavier rectal bleeding. This was associated with an increase in colonic and plasma LPO and plasma 8-isoprostane as well as a decrease in colonic GPx. Vitamin E supplementation decreased colonic inflammation and rectal bleeding but did not affect oxidative stress, suggesting another mechanism for reducing inflammation. In conclusion, oral iron supplementation resulted in an increase in disease activity in this model of colitis. This detrimental effect on disease activity was reduced by vitamin E. Therefore, the addition of vitamin E to oral iron supplementation may be beneficial.
 ...
PMID:Iron supplementation increases disease activity and vitamin E ameliorates the effect in rats with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. 1236 9

Ulcers of the small bowel are rare, and in most cases are due to infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, malignancies or drugs. When none of these causes is recognized, they are classified as 'nonspecific' or idiopathic. Such lesions are uncommon, and in most cases present with occlusion. A case of a middle-aged woman with iron deficiency anemia due to occult bleeding, with negative gastroscopy and colonoscopy is presented. The diagnosis of a small bowel pathology resembling Crohn's disease was made by small bowel follow through and small intestine contrast ultrasonography. An ileal ulcer was identified at surgery, and after resection the patient experienced a stable recovery from the anemia without ulcer recurrence. Neither histology nor clinical or biochemical features suggested the diagnosis of an inflammatory bowel disease. Other possible causes were unlikely and the lesion was therefore diagnosed as idiopathic. This report also focuses on the need and the modality to investigate the small bowel in iron deficiency anemia patients.
 ...
PMID:Iron deficiency anemia caused by nonspecific (idiopathic) small bowel ulceration: an uncommon presentation of an uncommon disease. 1252 74

Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the most common disorders in the world. Also, one third of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients suffer from recurrent anaemia. Anaemia has significant impact on the quality of life of affected patients. Chronic fatigue, a frequent IBD symptom itself, is commonly caused by anaemia and may debilitate patients as much as abdominal pain or diarrhoea. Common therapeutic targets are the mechanisms behind anaemia of chronic disease and iron deficiency. It is our experience that virtually all patients with IBD associated anaemia can be successfully treated with a combination of iron sucrose and erythropoietin, which then may positively affect the misled immune response in IBD.
 ...
PMID:Iron, anaemia, and inflammatory bowel diseases. 1524 90

Iron deficiency anemia is a common feature in inflammatory bowel disease, and oral supplementation is one of the mainstay therapies. However, there is some concern that oral iron supplementation may lead to oxidative stress and exacerbation of inflammation. Our objective was to study the effect of severely deficient, moderately deficient, normal and high iron status on oxidative stress and the course of inflammation in a rat model of colitis induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The rats were randomly assigned to receive the low-iron diet for 3 (moderately iron-deficient group, n = 16) or 5 (severely iron-deficient group, n = 16) wk, the normal iron diet for 2 wk (normal iron group, n = 16) or the high-iron diet for 2 wk (high-iron group, n = 16). Malondialdehyde concentration, electroparamagnetic resonance measurement, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological analysis were used to evaluate oxidative stress. Noncolitic rats in the high-iron group had higher oxidative stress parameters than those in the other groups. The induction of colitis resulted in severe inflammatory changes in the high-iron and severely iron-deficient groups, and produced higher histological scores in the colon of the normal and high-iron groups. Iron overload, oxidative stress, and inflammation were lower in the moderately iron-deficient group compared with the other 3 groups. In conclusion, we suggest that low rather than normal or high iron supplementation should be considered for the treatment of iron deficiency in inflammatory bowel disease.
 ...
PMID:Dietary iron affects inflammatory status in a rat model of colitis. 1533 12


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>