Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162275 (ketonuria)
 553 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plasma lipoprotein and lipoprotein lipase activity have been evaluated in young diabetics with and without ketonuria and in healthy controls of the same age. Fifteen (age range 7-23 years) newly detected diabetics (8 with ketonuria, 7 non ketonuric) have been examined before starting the treatment. Five healthy medical students (age range 19-21 years) have also been studied. Both ketotic and non ketotic patients showed an impaired insulin and C-peptide response to the glucose load in comparison to controls. Ketotic patients had low lipoprotein lipase activity (p less than 0.01) and high density lipoprotein (p less than 0.01); total plasma Triglycerides and VLDL Triglyceride and Cholesterol were higher than in controls. Plasma Triglyceride and VLDL Triglyceride and Cholesterol were inversely related to lipoprotein lipase activity. Low lipoprotein lipase activity, from adipose tissue and muscle, has been found to be associated with hypertriglyceridemia and reduced HDL Cholesterol in young diabetic patients with ketonuria.
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PMID:Plasma lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase in young diabetics with and without ketonuria. 390 44

Carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) promote weight loss, reductions in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, and increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels but may cause undesirable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) responses in some people. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of adding soluble fiber to a CRD on plasma LDL-C and other traditionally measured markers of cardiovascular disease. Using a parallel-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 30 overweight and obese men (body mass index, 25-35 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to supplement a CRD with soluble fiber (Konjac-mannan, 3g/d) (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15). Plasma lipids, anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, and nutrient intake were evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks. Compliance was excellent as assessed by 7-day weighed dietary records and ketonuria. Both groups experienced decreases in (P < .01) body weight, percent body fat, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and plasma glucose levels. After 12 weeks, HDL-C and TAG improved significantly in the fiber (10% and -34%) and placebo (14%, -43%) groups. LDL-C decreased by 17.6% (P < .01) at week 6 and 14.1% (P < .01) at week 12 in the fiber group. Conversely, LDL-C reductions were significant in the placebo group only after 12 weeks (-6.0%, P < .05). We conclude that although clearly effective at lowering LDL-C, adding soluble fiber to a CRD during active and significant weight loss provides no additional benefits to the diet alone. Furthermore, a CRD led to clinically important positive alterations in cardiovascular disease risk factors.
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PMID:Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other clinical markers of cardiovascular risk. 1716 Dec 27