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Query: UMLS:C0162275 (ketonuria)
 553 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The metabolic rate of intravenously administered middle-chain and long-chain triglycerides has been tested in metabolically healthy adult subjects. After an infusion period of three hours (infusion rate 0.22 g triglyceride/kg body-weight and hour) the metabolic rate of long-chain triglycerides was 16.4 mg/kg body-weight and hour. The metabolic rate of the middle-chain triglycerides (infusion rate 0.056 g/kg body-weight and hour) administered in a mixture with long-chain triglycerides was slower: 4.8 mg/kg body-weight and hour. Even under these conditions, middle-chain triglycerides increased ketonemia and ketonuria. Furthermore, the acetate level in blood increased significantly. Infusion of lipids have a strong effect on amino-acid levels in blood. The concentration of alanine, leucine, isoleucine are decreased, whereas the concentration of glutamate increases at the same time. Under clinical parameters only a mild leucocytosis has been found. Our data suggest that the metabolic rate of middle-chain triglycerides is according to their low plasma concentration slow, nevertheless, the ketogenesis is significantly higher if middle-chain triglycerides are infused in a mixture with long-chain triglycerides.
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PMID:[Human catabolism of medium and long chain triglycerides after intravenous infusion]. 56 71

On a farm where the ration of cows contained 88.0 g of butyric acid, an experimental group of cows (n = 8), producing milk containing 7.9 mg or more acetone per litre, was studied for 14 days for the effect of a 250 g supplement of sodium acetate to the ration (combined with single i.m. administration of vitamins A, D2 and E) on selected metabolism parameters and on milk production. As distinct from the control group of cows (n = 8) from the same farm which produced milk containing 3.9 mg or less acetone per litre and which were fed without sodium acetone supplements, a tendency of increased alkaemia of the organism was suggested in the experimental cows. This tendency manifested itself during the trial in increased pH values, increased base excess (BE) and standard bicarbonate (SB) in the blood, and in an increase in the pH value and net acido basic secretion in urine. A decrease was recorded in the concentration of the acetone + acetacetic acid sum, the same as beta-hydroxybutyric acid in blood and the sum of acetone and acetacetic acid in milk (P less than 0.01). An insignificant increase of the activity of gammaglutamyl transpeptidase (GMT) was recorded in the blood serum of the experimental cows and a significant increase occurred in the content of potassium (up to P less than 0.01) and urea (up to P less than 0.01) in urine. The supplement of sodium acetate to the feed ration did not influence the degree of ketonuria and the finding of urobilinogen in urine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Use of sodium acetate in feed rations in ketotic cows]. 258 30

Prospective registry of newly diagnosed cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in subjects under 20 years began in 1988 in Aquitaine, Lorraine, Basse- and Haute-Normandie (population base = 2,288,018 inhabitants under 20). The registry gave a complete coverage of the population as the capture-recapture method gave a 98% yield. The mean annual incidence was 7.6/100,000 for the period 1988-1990. A specific survey aimed at describing clinical and biological presentation at diagnosis. The main symptom was polyuria in 98% of the cases, fatigue in 58% and weight loss in 44%. Abdominal pain was reported in 34% of the cases. Diagnosis was ascertained by measurement of plasma glucose, which was > or = 11 mmol/l in 95% of the cases and associated with ketonuria in 84% of the children. Coma in 13% of the children and acidosis (total CO2 < or = 18 mmol/l) in 48% showed the severity at diagnosis. Ketonuria and acidosis were significantly more frequent in the younger age group (0-4 yr). Diagnosis was made by a general practitioner in the majority of the cases; conversely insulinotherapy was initiated at the hospital in 95% of the cases. Initial insulin treatment was 2 daily injections. Following the French experience the collaborative network EURODIAB ACE has undertaken the same survey among the European Registries. Important geographical variations in incidence rates of IDDM in children has been reported across Europe but it is not known whether this interferes with presentation at diagnosis of the disease.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes in children: data from the incidence registry]. 893 70