Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0162275 (ketonuria)
 553 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate endocrinological changes associated with severely uncontrolled type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus 27 patients (19 men, eight women) with ketoacidosis or severe ketonuria (= group 1) were examined on admission and after recovery. For comparison 13 non-ketotic patients (seven men, six women), admitted for adjustment of treatment because of poor diabetic control (= group 2), and 20 healthy controls were studied. On admission, the serum testosterone levels in men were lower in group 1 (15.1 +/- 2.0 nmol l-1) (mean +/- SEM) than in group 2 (27.2 +/- 2.8 nmol l-1) (p less than 0.01) and healthy controls (20.6 +/- 2.0 nmol l-1) (p less than 0.05). During treatment the testosterone levels in group 1 rapidly rose to the control level. The serum oestradiol levels in women were low in group 1 both on admission and discharge. The serum prolactin levels were low in female patients in group 1 (119 +/- 17 mIU l-1) compared with the women in group 2 (315 +/- 75 mIU l-1) (p less than 0.05). On admission the serum cortisol levels were higher and their response to 1 mg of dexamethasone was weaker in group 1 than in group 2 and healthy controls. After recovery the serum cortisol levels fell by 15% (p less than 0.01) and the response to 1 mg of dexamethasone returned to normal in group 1. In group 1 during treatment the serum free T4 and reverse T3 levels fell, and the T3 levels rose, whereas the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and their responses to TRH remained unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Hormonal changes in severely uncontrolled type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. 194 23

The metabolic effects of Somatostatin (SRIF) added to insulin were studied in five diabetic subjects with ketonuria induced by insulin withdrawal. In the same patients ketonuria was induced twice and they were randomly treated with insulin alone (10 units as a bolus + infusion 1 U/hr) until euglycemia was reached or with insulin (same criteria) + cyclic SRIF (100 micrograms/ hr i.v.) for ten hours. Treatment with insulin + SRIF significantly reduced both peak and cumulative hGH levels in contrast to insulin alone. Moreover, the percent decrease of glucagon was significantly greater during insulin + SRIF than with insulin alone. On the other hand, the beta-OH levels fell significantly more during insulin + SRIF than during insulin alone. Finally the prolactin plasma levels fell considerably when combined treatment was given but not when just insulin was administered.
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PMID:Effects of somatostatin on established induced ketosis. 612 85

Although endocrinopathies in many animal species are well documented, an adult, male, wild-caught cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented an interesting diagnostic challenge. Previous physical examinations had been unremarkable with the exception of a heart murmur. The animal presented with ulcerative dermatitis in the dorsal cervical area, and physical exam revealed white material around the nipples. A white milky substance could be expressed bilaterally from the nipples. Hematologic, serologic, and urine samples revealed glucosuria, ketonuria, and hyperglycemia. Further diagnostic testing confirmed persistent hyperglycemia and revealed elevated serum prolactin and cortisol levels. During subsequent imaging studies, the animal underwent cardiac arrest and was euthanized. Gross necropsy findings included an enlarged pituitary gland. A prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma was confirmed on histopathology. In light of the results of serum biochemical analyses, the additional diagnosis of type II non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was made. This case represents the first documented antemortem diagnosis of a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumor in a cynomolgus macaque.
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PMID:Pituitary adenoma with galactorrhea in an adult male cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). 1156 Apr 8