Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0162275 (ketonuria)
 553 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diabetic ketoacidosis remains a significant cause of death in cases of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Among patients hospitalised for diabetic ketoacidosis, the death rate is 5-10 per cent, cardiovascular disease, infection, and ARDS (adult respiratory distress syndrome) being major contributory factors, whereas the degree of acidosis does not differ from that among survivors. Ketoacidosis is a major determinant of the two-fold higher mortality among the youngest age-groups of IDDM patients. The age-specific incidence of ketoacidosis among patients under 20 years of age is several time higher than that among patients over 50. Intensified insulin treatment, using multiple injections or insulin pumps, probably results in an increased risk of insulin deficiency owing to the smaller insulin depots. Thus, there is a need of intensified testing for ketonuria and improved education of patients, physicians and other health care personnel, in order to promote the prevention or rapid, effective treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
 ...
PMID:[Diabetic coma--an unnecessary death]. 140 26

Carbohydrate-restricted diets (CRDs) promote weight loss, reductions in plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) levels, and increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels but may cause undesirable low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) responses in some people. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of adding soluble fiber to a CRD on plasma LDL-C and other traditionally measured markers of cardiovascular disease. Using a parallel-arm, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 30 overweight and obese men (body mass index, 25-35 kg/m(2)) were randomly assigned to supplement a CRD with soluble fiber (Konjac-mannan, 3g/d) (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15). Plasma lipids, anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, and nutrient intake were evaluated at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks. Compliance was excellent as assessed by 7-day weighed dietary records and ketonuria. Both groups experienced decreases in (P < .01) body weight, percent body fat, systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and plasma glucose levels. After 12 weeks, HDL-C and TAG improved significantly in the fiber (10% and -34%) and placebo (14%, -43%) groups. LDL-C decreased by 17.6% (P < .01) at week 6 and 14.1% (P < .01) at week 12 in the fiber group. Conversely, LDL-C reductions were significant in the placebo group only after 12 weeks (-6.0%, P < .05). We conclude that although clearly effective at lowering LDL-C, adding soluble fiber to a CRD during active and significant weight loss provides no additional benefits to the diet alone. Furthermore, a CRD led to clinically important positive alterations in cardiovascular disease risk factors.
 ...
PMID:Effects of a carbohydrate-restricted diet with and without supplemental soluble fiber on plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other clinical markers of cardiovascular risk. 1716 Dec 27